From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Thu Feb 13 16:24:04 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id AAEF51CC26D for ; Thu, 13 Feb 2020 16:24:04 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from 4250.10.freebsd-questions=freebsd.org@email-od.com) Received: from s1-b0c6.socketlabs.email-od.com (s1-b0c6.socketlabs.email-od.com [142.0.176.198]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client did not present a certificate) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 48JMJz4M6rz4Bnf for ; Thu, 13 Feb 2020 16:24:03 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from 4250.10.freebsd-questions=freebsd.org@email-od.com) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=email-od.com;i=@email-od.com;s=dkim; c=relaxed/relaxed; q=dns/txt; t=1581611044; x=1584203044; h=content-transfer-encoding:content-type:mime-version:references:in-reply-to:message-id:subject:cc:to:from:date:x-thread-info; bh=/bc6lV4opJ6bjrD1tk/VlxoOdp8NvVxcs4xCsw6yD4I=; b=kt/UDmZvcOz3JQ93aMCsASsbL3pHIWHt2nVwwaeU4IBKEsxuUdvzevzw7xWGRrFBic+7f/pnJ+NUMSvN5CBlA7M42bbvM3UhdVHVfNZfshGQJzvLAvT5xDVr6U7HfzS6MXRTkE0jtf9MGW4TV6iYc+Ep4gCnUAwCIrhJT8iks8U= X-Thread-Info: NDI1MC4xMi43NDAwMDAwMDE5YTEwOS5mcmVlYnNkLXF1ZXN0aW9ucz1mcmVlYnNkLm9yZw== Received: from r2.h.in.socketlabs.com (r2.h.in.socketlabs.com [142.0.180.12]) by mxsg2.email-od.com with ESMTP(version=Tls12 cipher=Aes256 bits=256); Thu, 13 Feb 2020 11:24:00 -0500 Received: from smtp.lan.sohara.org (EMTPY [185.202.17.215]) by r2.h.in.socketlabs.com with ESMTP(version=Tls12 cipher=Aes256 bits=256); Thu, 13 Feb 2020 11:23:59 -0500 Received: from [192.168.63.1] (helo=steve.lan.sohara.org) by smtp.lan.sohara.org with smtp (Exim 4.92.3 (FreeBSD)) (envelope-from ) id 1j2HHS-0005JA-5V; Thu, 13 Feb 2020 16:23:58 +0000 Date: Thu, 13 Feb 2020 16:23:57 +0000 From: Steve O'Hara-Smith To: tech-lists Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: some questions about disk partitioning and filesystems and booting Message-Id: <20200213162357.71aaf1dbd0f2ccb0743b0cd7@sohara.org> In-Reply-To: <20200213155256.GD14144@bastion.zyxst.net> References: <20200213150229.GC14144@bastion.zyxst.net> <20200213155256.GD14144@bastion.zyxst.net> X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.7.0 (GTK+ 2.24.32; amd64-portbld-freebsd12.0) X-Clacks-Overhead: "GNU Terry Pratchett" Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 48JMJz4M6rz4Bnf X-Spamd-Bar: - Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=email-od.com header.s=dkim header.b=kt/UDmZv; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of 4250.10.freebsd-questions=freebsd.org@email-od.com designates 142.0.176.198 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=4250.10.freebsd-questions=freebsd.org@email-od.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-1.89 / 15.00]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.00)[-0.995,0]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[email-od.com:s=dkim]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip4:142.0.176.0/20]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[sohara.org]; FORGED_SENDER_VERP_SRS(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.00)[-0.998,0]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[4]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[email-od.com:+]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[198.176.0.142.list.dnswl.org : 127.0.15.0]; ENVFROM_VERP(0.00)[]; IP_SCORE(0.11)[ip: (-0.31), ipnet: 142.0.176.0/22(0.60), asn: 7381(0.29), country: US(-0.05)]; FORGED_SENDER(0.00)[steve@sohara.org,4250.10.freebsd-questions=freebsd.org@email-od.com]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:7381, ipnet:142.0.176.0/22, country:US]; FROM_NEQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[steve@sohara.org,4250.10.freebsd-questions=freebsd.org@email-od.com]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.29 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 13 Feb 2020 16:24:04 -0000 On Thu, 13 Feb 2020 15:52:56 +0000 tech-lists wrote: > OK, but doesn't it need to be at least the size of RAM if for example a > panic happens? I thought the contents of RAM were written to swap. These days the default dump is a mini-dump with just the kernel memory so you only need enough swap to hold that, but if there's no swap (or I think if there's insufficient swap) then there won't be a crash dump. More details here: https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug.html -- Steve O'Hara-Smith