From owner-svn-doc-all@FreeBSD.ORG Tue May 20 19:36:04 2014 Return-Path: Delivered-To: svn-doc-all@freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [8.8.178.115]) (using TLSv1 with cipher ADH-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id BDEDDBB2; Tue, 20 May 2014 19:36:04 +0000 (UTC) Received: from svn.freebsd.org (svn.freebsd.org [IPv6:2001:1900:2254:2068::e6a:0]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client did not present a certificate) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id A94EA293E; Tue, 20 May 2014 19:36:04 +0000 (UTC) Received: from svn.freebsd.org ([127.0.1.70]) by svn.freebsd.org (8.14.8/8.14.8) with ESMTP id s4KJa4D4048389; Tue, 20 May 2014 19:36:04 GMT (envelope-from dru@svn.freebsd.org) Received: (from dru@localhost) by svn.freebsd.org (8.14.8/8.14.8/Submit) id s4KJa4qr048388; Tue, 20 May 2014 19:36:04 GMT (envelope-from dru@svn.freebsd.org) Message-Id: <201405201936.s4KJa4qr048388@svn.freebsd.org> From: Dru Lavigne Date: Tue, 20 May 2014 19:36:04 +0000 (UTC) To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org, svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Subject: svn commit: r44888 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bsdinstall X-SVN-Group: doc-head MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-BeenThere: svn-doc-all@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.18 Precedence: list List-Id: "SVN commit messages for the entire doc trees \(except for " user" , " projects" , and " translations" \)" List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 20 May 2014 19:36:04 -0000 Author: dru Date: Tue May 20 19:36:04 2014 New Revision: 44888 URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/44888 Log: Editorial review of Pre-installation tasks. Format these tasks as a procedure. Move disk size recommendations to similar paragraph in minimum hardware section. Sponsored by: iXsystems Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bsdinstall/chapter.xml Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bsdinstall/chapter.xml ============================================================================== --- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bsdinstall/chapter.xml Tue May 20 19:25:43 2014 (r44887) +++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bsdinstall/chapter.xml Tue May 20 19:36:04 2014 (r44888) @@ -153,10 +153,17 @@ A &os; installation will require at least 64 MB of RAM and 1.1 GB of free hard drive - space for the most minimal installation. It is recommended to + space for the most minimal installation. However, that is a + very minimal install, leaving almost no + free space. A more realistic minimum is 3 GB without a + graphical environment, and 5 GB or more if a graphical + user interface will be used. Third-party application + software requires more space. It is recommended to increase RAM and hard drive space to meet the needs of the applications that will be used and the amount - of data that will be stored. The processor requirements for + of data that will be stored. + + The processor requirements for each architecture can be summarized as follows: @@ -268,53 +275,50 @@ Pre-Installation Tasks - + Once it has been determined that the system meets the + minimum hardware requirements for installing &os;, the + installation file should be downloaded and the installation + media prepared. Before doing this, check that the system is + ready for an installation by verifying the items in this + checklist: + + + Back Up Important Data - Back up all important data on the target computer where - &os; will be installed. Test the backups before continuing. - The &os; installer will ask before making changes to the disk, - but once the process has started it cannot be undone. - + Before installing any operating system, + always backup all important data first. + Do not store the backup on the system being installed. + Instead, save the data to a removable disk such as a + USB drive, another system on the network, + or an online backup service. Test the backup before + starting the installation to make sure it contains all of the + needed files. Once the installer formats the system's disk, + all data stored on that disk will be lost. + - + Decide Where to Install &os; - If &os; will be the only operating system installed, and - will be allowed to use the entire hard disk, the rest of this - section can be skipped. But if &os; will share the disk with - other operating systems, an understanding of disk layout is - useful during the installation. - - - Disk Layouts for &os;/&arch.i386; and - &os;/&arch.amd64; - - Hard disks can be divided into multiple sections. These - sections are called - partitions. - - There are two ways of dividing a disk into partitions. - A traditional Master Boot Record + If &os; will be the only operating system installed, this + step can be skipped. But if &os; will share the disk with + another operating system, decide which disk or partition will + be used for &os;. + + In the &arch.i386; and &arch.amd64; architectures, disks + can be divided into multiple partitions using one of two + partitioning schemes. A traditional Master Boot Record (MBR) holds a partition table defining up to four primary partitions. For - historical reasons, &os; calls primary partitions - slices. A limit of only four - partitions is restrictive for large disks, so one of these + historical reasons, &os; calls these primary partitions + slices. One of these primary partitions can be made into an extended - partition. Multiple logical - partitions may then be created inside the - extended partition. This may sound a little unwieldy, and - it is. - - The GUID Partition Table + partition containing multiple logical + partitions. The GUID Partition Table (GPT) is a newer and simpler method of - partitioning a disk. GPT is far more - versatile than the traditional MBR - partition table. Common GPT + partitioning a disk. Common GPT implementations allow up to 128 partitions per disk, - eliminating the need for inconvenient workarounds like - logical partitions. + eliminating the need for logical partitions. Some older operating systems, like &windows; XP, @@ -324,111 +328,57 @@ partitioning is required. - &os;'s standard boot loader requires either a primary or - GPT partition. Refer to for more information about the &os; - booting process. If all of the primary or + The &os; boot loader requires either a primary or + GPT partition. If all of the primary or GPT partitions are already in use, one - must be freed for &os;. - - A minimal installation of &os; takes as little as - 1 GB of disk space. However, that is a - very minimal install, leaving almost no - free space. A more realistic minimum is 3 GB without a - graphical environment, and 5 GB or more if a graphical - user interface will be used. Third-party application - software requires more space. + must be freed for &os;. To create a partition without + deleting existing data, use a partition resizing tool to + shrink an existing partition and create a new partition + using the freed space. A variety of free and commercial partition resizing tools are listed at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_disk_partitioning_software. GParted Live (http://gparted.sourceforge.net/livecd.php) - is a free Live CD which includes the + is a free live CD which includes the GParted partition editor. GParted is also included with - many other Linux Live CD distributions. + many other Linux live CD distributions. - Disk partition applications can destroy data. Make a - full backup and verify its integrity before modifying disk + When used properly, disk shrinking utilities can + safely create space for creating a new partition. + Since the possibility of selecting the wrong partition + exists, always backup any important data + and verify the integrity of the backup before modifying disk partitions. - Resizing µsoft; Vista partitions can be - difficult. A Vista installation CD can - be useful when attempting such an operation. - - - Using an Existing Partition - - A &windows; computer has a single 40 GB disk that - has been split into two 20 GB partitions. &windows; - calls them C: and - D:. The C: - partition contains 10 GB of data, and the - D: partition contains 5 GB of - data. - - Moving the data from D: to - C: frees up the second partition to - be used for &os;. - - - - Shrinking an Existing Partition - - A &windows; computer has a single 40 GB disk and - one large partition using the whole disk. &windows; shows - this 40 GB partition as a single - C:. 15 GB of space is being - used. The goal is to end up with &windows; in a - 20 GB partition, and have another 20 GB - partition for &os;. - - There are two ways to do this: - - - - Back up any &windows; data. Then reinstall - &windows;, creating a 20 GB partition during the - install. - - - - Use a partition resizing tool like - GParted to shrink the - &windows; partition and create a new partition in the - freed space for &os;. - - - - Disk partitions containing different operating systems - make it possible to run any one of those operating systems - at a time. An alternative method that allows running - multiple operating systems at the same time is covered in - . - - + make it possible to install multiple operating systems on one computer. + An alternative is to use virtualization () which allows + multiple operating systems to run at the same time without + modifying any disk partitions. + - + Collect Network Information - Some &os; installation methods need a network connection - to download files. To connect to an Ethernet network (or - cable or DSL modem with an Ethernet - interface), the installer will request some information about - the network. + Some &os; installation methods require a network connection + in order to download the installation files. After any + installation, the installer will offer to setup the system's + network interfaces. - DHCP is commonly used to provide + If the network has a DHCP server, it can be used to provide automatic network configuration. If DHCP - is not available, this network information must be obtained - from the local network administrator or service + is not available, the follwoing network information for the system must be obtained + from the local network administrator or Internet service provider: - - Network Information + + Required Network Information IP @@ -440,21 +390,22 @@ - Default router IP address + IP address of default + gateway - Domain name of the local network + Domain name of the network - DNS - server IP address(es) + IP addresses of the network's + DNS servers - + - + Check for &os; Errata Although the &os; Project strives to ensure that each @@ -470,7 +421,8 @@ Information and errata for all the releases can be found on the release information section of the &os; web site (http://www.freebsd.org/releases/index.html). - + + Prepare the Installation Media