From owner-freebsd-net Tue Aug 31 12:14:25 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from mail-relay2.yahoo.com (mail-relay2.yahoo.com [206.251.17.77]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3A5ED159A6 for ; Tue, 31 Aug 1999 12:14:22 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from jayanth@yahoo-inc.com) Received: from borogove.yahoo.com (borogove.yahoo.com [205.216.162.65]) by mail-relay2.yahoo.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA28051 for ; Tue, 31 Aug 1999 12:13:33 -0700 (PDT) Received: from yahoo-inc.com (milk.yahoo.com [206.132.89.117]) by borogove.yahoo.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id MAA27934 for ; Tue, 31 Aug 1999 12:13:32 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <37CC2957.EA538FB4@yahoo-inc.com> Date: Tue, 31 Aug 1999 12:13:27 -0700 From: jayanth X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.08 [en] (X11; I; FreeBSD 2.2.8-STABLE i386) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: fbsdnet Subject: netstat question Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org when the no. of mbufs allocated is > 64k the netstat -m command shows only upto 64k and then wraps around for "mbufs in use" and "mbufs allocated to packet headers", because the mbstat.m_types is of type "short" . Should the mbstat.m_types field be an "int" ? jayanth To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Tue Aug 31 20:15:38 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from coconut.itojun.org (coconut.itojun.org [210.160.95.97]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2EE8015474 for ; Tue, 31 Aug 1999 20:15:32 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from itojun@itojun.org) Received: from kiwi.itojun.org (localhost.itojun.org [127.0.0.1]) by coconut.itojun.org (8.9.3+3.2W/3.7W) with ESMTP id MAA04908; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 12:14:19 +0900 (JST) To: "Ettikan Kandasamy" Cc: freebsd-net@freebsd.org, snap-users@kame.net In-reply-to: ettikan's message of Wed, 01 Sep 1999 11:08:03 JST. X-Template-Reply-To: itojun@itojun.org X-Template-Return-Receipt-To: itojun@itojun.org X-PGP-Fingerprint: F8 24 B4 2C 8C 98 57 FD 90 5F B4 60 79 54 16 E2 Subject: Re: Ipv6 xplot error From: itojun@iijlab.net Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 12:14:19 +0900 Message-ID: <4906.936155659@coconut.itojun.org> Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org > I have a problem with my IPv6 ftp server. I'm using wu-ftp-2.4.2 ( >beta-1.8) on kame-19990517-fbsd228-release. When I tried build a ftp connection, >it says can' build data connection. But for version 4 ftp it works fine. > >Could someone explain why this happens ???? Output of the problem is given >below. Link-local address does not work for ftp(1), because of protocol twist (and our laziness). It is documented in more recent KAME ftp(1) manpage. Please use global IPv6 addresses instead. Basic rule: link-local addresses are NOT for daily use. > fbsd1# ./ftp fe80:1::2a0:c9ff:fed7:2e16 Never specify interface index on your command lines, this is internal representation just for kernel use. > fbsd1# ./ftp fe80::2a0:c9ff:fed7:2e16 would be the correct one, however, even if you specify like this, ftp(1) will fail anyway. itojun To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Wed Sep 1 7: 7:16 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from mail.ftf.dk (mail.ftf.net [129.142.64.2]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7183D154FF for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 07:07:13 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from regnauld@ftf.net) Received: from ns.int.ftf.net (fw2.ftf.dk [192.168.1.2] (may be forged)) by mail.ftf.dk (8.9.3/8.9.3/gw-ftf-1.2) with ESMTP id QAA13979 for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 16:05:31 +0200 (CEST) X-Authentication-Warning: mail.ftf.dk: Host fw2.ftf.dk [192.168.1.2] (may be forged) claimed to be ns.int.ftf.net Received: (from regnauld@localhost) by ns.int.ftf.net (8.9.2/8.9.3) id QAA42901; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 16:08:15 +0200 (CEST) Message-ID: <19990901160814.23604@ns.int.ftf.net> Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 16:08:14 +0200 From: Phil Regnauld To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: Testing gigabit NIC/ switches and 3C985B-SX support Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 0.88e X-Operating-System: FreeBSD 3.1-RELEASE i386 Organization: FTFnet Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org [a bit off-topic] A colleague of mine is using 3Com 9300 SSII gigabit switches in tandem with 3C985B-SX 1000baseSX NICs (we don't support those, do we ?) Using NT (Compaq PII-400 boxes) they get 132~133 Mbit/s (tested with netperf), thorough the switch. 3Com has drivers for Linux (2.1.131), but I wonder if Linux would be realistic enough for this kind of tests -- any suggestions ? 131 seems a bit low -- I've heard of 250-300 Mbit/s on that kind of hardware (maybe not with NT :-) -- Division by Zero error -- multiplying by zero to recover. To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Wed Sep 1 7:15:40 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from duke.cs.duke.edu (duke.cs.duke.edu [152.3.140.1]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6FC15154CA for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 07:15:35 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from gallatin@cs.duke.edu) Received: from grasshopper.cs.duke.edu (grasshopper.cs.duke.edu [152.3.145.30]) by duke.cs.duke.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id KAA26261; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:15:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: (from gallatin@localhost) by grasshopper.cs.duke.edu (8.9.3/8.9.1) id KAA62795; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:15:01 -0400 (EDT) (envelope-from gallatin@cs.duke.edu) From: Andrew Gallatin MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:15:00 -0400 (EDT) To: Phil Regnauld Cc: freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: Testing gigabit NIC/ switches and 3C985B-SX support In-Reply-To: <19990901160814.23604@ns.int.ftf.net> References: <19990901160814.23604@ns.int.ftf.net> X-Mailer: VM 6.43 under 20.4 "Emerald" XEmacs Lucid Message-ID: <14285.13363.795038.838208@grasshopper.cs.duke.edu> Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Phil Regnauld writes: > [a bit off-topic] > > A colleague of mine is using 3Com 9300 SSII gigabit switches > in tandem with 3C985B-SX 1000baseSX NICs (we don't support those, do we ?) > > Using NT (Compaq PII-400 boxes) they get 132~133 Mbit/s (tested with netperf), > thorough the switch. > > 3Com has drivers for Linux (2.1.131), but I wonder if Linux would > be realistic enough for this kind of tests -- any suggestions ? > > 131 seems a bit low -- I've heard of 250-300 Mbit/s on that kind of hardware > (maybe not with NT :-) > These should be supported using the tigon driver (if_ti). You can expect about 2-3x this level of performance from FreeBSD. Perhaps even more if you can use "jumbo" (aka 9000 byte) frames. Does this 3Com 9300 SSII switch support jumbo frames? Cheers, Drew ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Andrew Gallatin, Sr Systems Programmer http://www.cs.duke.edu/~gallatin Duke University Email: gallatin@cs.duke.edu Department of Computer Science Phone: (919) 660-6590 To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Wed Sep 1 7:24:33 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from mail.ftf.dk (mail.ftf.net [129.142.64.2]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9487015493 for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 07:24:27 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from regnauld@ftf.net) Received: from ns.int.ftf.net (fw2.ftf.dk [192.168.1.2] (may be forged)) by mail.ftf.dk (8.9.3/8.9.3/gw-ftf-1.2) with ESMTP id QAA14727; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 16:20:40 +0200 (CEST) X-Authentication-Warning: mail.ftf.dk: Host fw2.ftf.dk [192.168.1.2] (may be forged) claimed to be ns.int.ftf.net Received: (from regnauld@localhost) by ns.int.ftf.net (8.9.2/8.9.3) id QAA43020; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 16:23:24 +0200 (CEST) Message-ID: <19990901162323.32556@ns.int.ftf.net> Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 16:23:23 +0200 From: Phil Regnauld To: Andrew Gallatin Cc: freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: Testing gigabit NIC/ switches and 3C985B-SX support References: <19990901160814.23604@ns.int.ftf.net> <14285.13363.795038.838208@grasshopper.cs.duke.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 0.88e In-Reply-To: <14285.13363.795038.838208@grasshopper.cs.duke.edu>; from Andrew Gallatin on Wed, Sep 01, 1999 at 10:15:00AM -0400 X-Operating-System: FreeBSD 3.1-RELEASE i386 Organization: FTFnet Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Andrew Gallatin writes: > > These should be supported using the tigon driver (if_ti). Yes indeed, thanks -- I have just seen the lines in LINT. > You can expect about 2-3x this level of performance from FreeBSD. Perhaps even > more if you can use "jumbo" (aka 9000 byte) frames. Does this 3Com > 9300 SSII switch support jumbo frames? How do I find that out ? And would the numbers (132 Mbit/s) be tied to the OS (NT) or the driver ? -- Division by Zero error -- multiplying by zero to recover. To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Wed Sep 1 7:43: 0 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from duke.cs.duke.edu (duke.cs.duke.edu [152.3.140.1]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id C757914FD9 for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 07:42:57 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from gallatin@cs.duke.edu) Received: from grasshopper.cs.duke.edu (grasshopper.cs.duke.edu [152.3.145.30]) by duke.cs.duke.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id KAA27098; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:42:17 -0400 (EDT) Received: (from gallatin@localhost) by grasshopper.cs.duke.edu (8.9.3/8.9.1) id KAA00429; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:42:17 -0400 (EDT) (envelope-from gallatin@cs.duke.edu) From: Andrew Gallatin MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:42:17 -0400 (EDT) To: Phil Regnauld Cc: freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: Testing gigabit NIC/ switches and 3C985B-SX support In-Reply-To: <19990901162323.32556@ns.int.ftf.net> References: <19990901160814.23604@ns.int.ftf.net> <14285.13363.795038.838208@grasshopper.cs.duke.edu> <19990901162323.32556@ns.int.ftf.net> X-Mailer: VM 6.43 under 20.4 "Emerald" XEmacs Lucid Message-ID: <14285.15002.740824.930602@grasshopper.cs.duke.edu> Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Phil Regnauld writes: > Andrew Gallatin writes: > > > > These should be supported using the tigon driver (if_ti). > > Yes indeed, thanks -- I have just seen the lines in LINT. > > > You can expect about 2-3x this level of performance from FreeBSD. Perhaps even > > more if you can use "jumbo" (aka 9000 byte) frames. Does this 3Com > > 9300 SSII switch support jumbo frames? > > How do I find that out ? Set the MTU to something > 1500 (like 9000) and see if you can still communicate via the switch. I don't know if the NT drivers support jumbo frames. I know the FreeBSD drivers do. If you can set it to 9000 and it does work via the switch, try linking the machines directly to rule out brokenness in the NT driver. > And would the numbers (132 Mbit/s) be tied to the OS (NT) or the > driver ? It is hard to say. It could be either. Drew ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Andrew Gallatin, Sr Systems Programmer http://www.cs.duke.edu/~gallatin Duke University Email: gallatin@cs.duke.edu Department of Computer Science Phone: (919) 660-6590 To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Wed Sep 1 7:50:59 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu (khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.4.193]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id ED0A2154F3 for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 07:50:57 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from wollman@khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu) Received: (from wollman@localhost) by khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) id KAA06026; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:50:50 -0400 (EDT) (envelope-from wollman) Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:50:50 -0400 (EDT) From: Garrett Wollman Message-Id: <199909011450.KAA06026@khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu> To: Phil Regnauld Cc: freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: Testing gigabit NIC/ switches and 3C985B-SX support In-Reply-To: <19990901162323.32556@ns.int.ftf.net> References: <19990901160814.23604@ns.int.ftf.net> <14285.13363.795038.838208@grasshopper.cs.duke.edu> <19990901162323.32556@ns.int.ftf.net> Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org < said: > And would the numbers (132 Mbit/s) be tied to the OS (NT) or the > driver ? Yes. You'd have to actually instrument both in order to find a more useful answer. -GAWollman -- Garrett A. Wollman | O Siem / We are all family / O Siem / We're all the same wollman@lcs.mit.edu | O Siem / The fires of freedom Opinions not those of| Dance in the burning flame MIT, LCS, CRS, or NSA| - Susan Aglukark and Chad Irschick To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Wed Sep 1 7:54:41 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from duke.cs.duke.edu (duke.cs.duke.edu [152.3.140.1]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B02D314E4D for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 07:54:24 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from gallatin@cs.duke.edu) Received: from grasshopper.cs.duke.edu (grasshopper.cs.duke.edu [152.3.145.30]) by duke.cs.duke.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id KAA27362 for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:51:52 -0400 (EDT) Received: (from gallatin@localhost) by grasshopper.cs.duke.edu (8.9.3/8.9.1) id KAA00467; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:51:52 -0400 (EDT) (envelope-from gallatin@cs.duke.edu) From: Andrew Gallatin MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 10:51:52 -0400 (EDT) To: freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: Testing gigabit NIC/ switches and 3C985B-SX support In-Reply-To: <14285.15002.740824.930602@grasshopper.cs.duke.edu> References: <19990901160814.23604@ns.int.ftf.net> <14285.13363.795038.838208@grasshopper.cs.duke.edu> <19990901162323.32556@ns.int.ftf.net> <14285.15002.740824.930602@grasshopper.cs.duke.edu> X-Mailer: VM 6.43 under 20.4 "Emerald" XEmacs Lucid Message-ID: <14285.15685.652147.329685@grasshopper.cs.duke.edu> Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Andrew Gallatin writes: Oops: > Set the MTU to something > 1500 (like 9000) and see if you can still > communicate via the switch. I don't know if the NT drivers support > jumbo frames. I know the FreeBSD drivers do. If you can set it to > 9000 and it does work via the switch, try linking the machines ^^^^ should read: does NOT work via the switch > directly to rule out brokenness in the NT driver. Drew To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Wed Sep 1 12:44:37 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from ns1.mediaone.com (ns1.mediaone.com [169.152.79.6]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CC6C215B5C for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 12:44:22 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from mcain@mediaone.com) Received: from wsimc01.mediaone.com (wsimc01.mediaone.com [169.152.100.174]) by ns1.mediaone.com (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id PAA21610 for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 15:38:34 -0400 (EDT) Received: from 169.152.100.164 by wsimc01.mediaone.com with ESMTP ( WorldSecure Server SMTP Relay(WSS) v3.6.1); Wed, 01 Sep 99 15:40:31 -0400 X-Server-Uuid: cda7734f-06b2-11d3-bc59-00805fbb2b22 Received: by exchimc02.mediaone.com with Internet Mail Service ( 5.5.2448.0) id ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 15:44:02 -0400 Message-ID: From: "Cain, Michael E." To: "'freebsd-net@freebsd.org'" Subject: Reading and writing raw Ethernet frames Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 15:43:58 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) X-WSS-ID: 1BD35EA53107492-01-01 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I have an existing application, developed for Linux, that emulates various IP network impairments. One of the key enablers for the app is the ability to read and write raw Ethernet frames (sometimes after making appropriate changes in the source and destination addresses at both the IP and Ethernet level). On Linux, accessing the raw frames was easily accomplished by opening a socket of type SOCK_PACKET instead of SOCK_STREAM or SOCK_DGRAM. In the case of a Linux box with multiple Ethernet interfaces, it is straightforward to know the interface on which the frame was received or to specify the interface on which it should be written. I'm interested in porting the application to FreeBSD, and was wondering if there was an equivalent mechanism. To summarize, I need to be able to read and write raw Ethernet frames (arbitrarily constructed by me in the worst case) and support for multiple Ethernet interfaces while doing so. Thanks in advance, Michael Cain MediaOne Labs mcain@mediaone.com To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Wed Sep 1 13:39: 1 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu (khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.4.193]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7CEBE15529 for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 13:38:58 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from wollman@khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu) Received: (from wollman@localhost) by khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) id QAA07276; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 16:37:39 -0400 (EDT) (envelope-from wollman) Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 16:37:39 -0400 (EDT) From: Garrett Wollman Message-Id: <199909012037.QAA07276@khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu> To: "Cain, Michael E." Cc: "'freebsd-net@freebsd.org'" Subject: Reading and writing raw Ethernet frames In-Reply-To: References: Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org < said: > I'm interested in porting the application to FreeBSD, and was wondering if > there was an equivalent mechanism. To summarize, I need to be able to read > and write raw Ethernet frames (arbitrarily constructed by me in the worst > case) and support for multiple Ethernet interfaces while doing so. man 4 bpf -GAWollman To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Wed Sep 1 18:49:19 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from havoc.entera.com (havoc.maxagility.com [206.165.109.130]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 8CE4D15172 for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 18:49:12 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from davel@entera.com) Received: from warhawk.entera.com ([206.165.109.147]) by havoc.entera.com (Post.Office MTA v3.1.2 release (PO205-101c) ID# 0-52658U100L100S0V35) with ESMTP id AAA317 for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 19:00:37 -0700 Received: from entera.com (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by warhawk.entera.com (8.9.1b+Sun/8.9.1) with ESMTP id SAA02570 for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 18:49:11 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199909020149.SAA02570@warhawk.entera.com> To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: TCP socket performance? From: Dave Liebreich User-Agent: Gnus/5.070095 (Pterodactyl Gnus v0.95) Emacs/20.3 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 18:49:11 -0700 Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org The following program was written to demonstrate a problem with Solaris 7 x86 networking. I tried running it under FreeBSD 3.2-RELEASE (vanilla - no tuning). The program runs for a bit, then the system interactive response "freezes" - sending a HUP to the process restores the system to normal performace. If anyone on this list has any ideas on why this program thrashes the system so badly, or any suggestions on how to tune the system to not thrash, please let me know. Thanks Dave Liebreich QA Entera, Inc. --------->% cut here %<--------- #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef ONT_GET_ALARMED static int useAlarm = 0; #else static int useAlarm = 1; #endif #ifdef ONT_USE_PIPES static int usePipes; #else static int usePipes = 1; #endif static int numServProcs; static int numCliProcs; static int pipefds[2]; static sockaddr_in sin[1]; static pid_t startPid; void pauseAnInstant(long num) { timeval tv[1]; tv->tv_sec = 0; tv->tv_usec = num * 1000; if (select(0, 0, 0, 0, tv) < 0) perror("select"); } static void handler() { if (getpid() == startPid) kill(0, SIGHUP); } static void sigHandler(int sig) { exit(0); } int bite(int num) { char first[10]; char pre[2]; char post[2]; long pid=getpid(); pre[0] = 'C'; pre[1] = ' ' + num; post[0] = 'c'; post[1] = ' ' + num; first[0] = 'F'; first[1] = ' ' + num; memcpy(first + 2, (char *)&pid, sizeof pid); write(pipefds[1], first, sizeof pid + 2); for (;;) { char buf[2048]; int fd(socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)); if (fd < 0) { perror("socket.2"); return 1; } pauseAnInstant(10); write(pipefds[1], pre, 2); int r = connect(fd, (sockaddr*)sin, sizeof(sin)); if (r < 0) { perror("connect"); return 1; } write(pipefds[1], post, 2); if (write(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != sizeof buf) perror("read.write.bite"); pauseAnInstant(150); if (read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != sizeof(buf)) perror("read.read.bite"); close(fd); } } int attack() { for (int i = 0; i < numCliProcs; ++i) { switch(fork()) { case 0: sleep(1); return bite(i); case -1: perror("fork.2"); return 1; } } while (wait((int *)0) < 0) { sleep(1); } return 0; } int block(int num, int bs) { char first[10]; char pre[2]; char post[2]; long pid=getpid(); ssize_t frump; pre[0] = 'A'; pre[1] = ' ' + num | 0x80; post[0] = 'a'; post[1] = ' ' + num | 0x80; first[0] = 'F'; first[1] = ' ' + num | 0x80; memcpy(first + 2, (char *)&pid, sizeof pid); write(pipefds[1], first, sizeof pid + 2); for (;;) { char buf[2048]; int len = sizeof sin; pauseAnInstant(50); write(pipefds[1], pre, 2); if (useAlarm) alarm(100); int fd = accept(bs, (sockaddr *)sin, &len); if (useAlarm) alarm(0); if (fd < 0) { perror("accept"); return 1; } write(pipefds[1], post, 2); if ((frump=read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) != sizeof(buf)) { fprintf(stderr,"frump is %lu\n",frump); perror("read.read.block"); } if (write(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != sizeof buf) perror("read.write.block"); close(fd); } } int defend(int bs) { for (int i = 0; i < numServProcs; ++i) { switch(fork()) { case 0: sleep(1); return block(i, bs); case -1: perror("fork.3"); return 1; } } while (wait((int *)0) < 0) { sleep(1); } return 0; } int readStuff() { long counts[256]; long ocounts[5][256]; long marks[256]; long pids[256]; int phases[256]; unsigned char buf[1 << 14]; int ln(0); // int ln; BUG BUG BUG BWAHAHAHAHAA long strt = time((long *)0); long lasttim = 0; long nextReportTime = strt + 10; int leftover = 0; int i; memset((char *)counts, 0, sizeof counts); memset((char *)marks, 0, sizeof marks); memset((char *)phases, 0, sizeof phases); memset((char *)ocounts, 0, sizeof ocounts); memset((char *)pids, 0, sizeof pids); for(;;) { pauseAnInstant(450); if ((ln = read(pipefds[0], (char *)buf + leftover, sizeof(buf) - leftover)) < 0) { perror("read.readStuff"); break; } if (ln == 0) { if (usePipes) break; continue; } ln += leftover; leftover = 0; if (ln & 1) { fprintf(stderr, "What the !?!?!?\n"); ln &= ~1; } long tim = time((long *)0) - strt; for(i = 0; i < ln; i += 2) { int p = buf[i]; int n = buf[i+1]; if (p == 'F') { if (i + 2 + sizeof pids[0] > ln) { leftover = ln - i; memcpy(buf, buf + i, leftover); break; } memcpy((char *)&pids[n], buf + i + 2, sizeof *pids); i += sizeof *pids; } else { counts[p] += 1; ocounts[tim%5][p] += 1; phases[n] = p; marks[n] = tim; } } if (tim <= lasttim) continue; if (!(tim % 10) || tim >= nextReportTime) { nextReportTime = tim + 10; int any(0); int anyany(0); for(i = 0; i < 256; ++i) { if (marks[i] < tim - 4 && phases[i] == 'A') { if (!any) { printf("ACCEPT:"); anyany = any = 1; } printf(" %lu:%d", pids[i], tim - marks[i]); } } if (any) printf("\n"); any = 0; for(i = 0; i < 256; ++i) { if (marks[i] < tim - 4 && phases[i] == 'C') { if (!any) { printf("CONNECT:"); anyany = any = 1; } printf(" %lu:%d", pids[i], tim - marks[i]); } } if (any) printf("\n"); any = 0; for(i = 0; i < 256; ++i) { if (marks[i] < tim - 4 && phases[i] == 'a') { if (!any) { printf("ACCEPTTRANS:"); anyany = any = 1; } printf(" %lu:%d", pids[i], tim - marks[i]); } } if (any) printf("\n"); any = 0; for(i = 0; i < 256; ++i) { if (marks[i] < tim - 4 && phases[i] == 'c') { if (!any) { printf("CONNECTTRANS:"); anyany = any = 1; } printf(" %lu:%d", pids[i], tim - marks[i]); } } if (any) printf("\n"); if (!anyany) { printf("CLEAN\n"); } printf("SEC: CNT:ACP AVGTOTAL.TIM AVG-FIVE.SEC\n"); } long n = (counts['a'] * 1000) / tim; long n2 = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) { n2 += (ocounts[i]['a'] * 1000) / (tim - lasttim); } n2 /= 5; printf("%03.3ld: %03ld:%03ld %8ld.%03.3ld %8ld.%03.03ld\n", tim, counts['C'] - counts['c'], counts['A'] - counts['a'], n / 1000, n % 1000, n2 / 1000, n2 % 1000); fflush(stdout); lasttim = tim; memset((char *)ocounts[(tim+1)%5], 0, sizeof ocounts[0]); } fprintf(stderr, "Sneaking away....\n"); return 0; } int main(int argc, char **argv) { startPid = getpid(); setpgrp(0, startPid); atexit(handler); signal(SIGINT, sigHandler); signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); if (usePipes) { if (pipe(pipefds)) { perror("pipe"); return 1; } } else { pipefds[1] = open("/tmp/incroyable", O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_WRONLY|O_APPEND, 0600); if (pipefds[1] < 0) { perror("open:O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_WRONLY|O_APPEND"); return 1; } pipefds[0] = open("/tmp/incroyable", O_RDONLY, 0600); if (pipefds[0] < 0) { perror("open:O_RDONLY"); return 1; } unlink("/tmp/incroyable"); } close(0); switch(fork()) { case -1: perror("fork.9"); return 1; case 0: close(pipefds[1]); return readStuff(); } nice(20); close(pipefds[0]); if (argc > 1) numServProcs = atoi(argv[1]); if (!numServProcs) numServProcs = 70; if (argc > 2) numCliProcs = atoi(argv[2]); if (!numCliProcs) numCliProcs = numServProcs; unsigned short portNo; int bs(socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)); if (bs < 0) { perror("socket.inet"); return 1; } memset((char* )sin, 0, sizeof(sin)); sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; sin->sin_port = htons(0); if (bind(bs, (struct sockaddr* )sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0) { perror("bind"); return 1; } if (listen(bs, 100) < 0) { perror("listen"); return 1; } int ln(sizeof(sin)); if (getsockname(bs, (struct sockaddr* )sin, &ln) < 0) { perror("getsockname"); return 1; } portNo = ntohs(sin->sin_port); printf("Listening on Port %u\n", portNo); fflush(stdout); close(1); switch(fork()) { case 0: close(bs); sleep(3); return attack(); case -1: perror("fork"); return 1; } return defend(bs); } To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Wed Sep 1 19:59:23 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from oracle.dsuper.net (oracle.dsuper.net [205.205.255.1]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id EF8D714EDB for ; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 19:59:21 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from bmilekic@dsuper.net) Received: from oracle.dsuper.net (oracle.dsuper.net [205.205.255.1]) by oracle.dsuper.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA05380; Wed, 1 Sep 1999 22:58:08 -0400 (EDT) Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 22:58:08 -0400 (EDT) From: Bosko Milekic To: "Cain, Michael E." Cc: "'freebsd-net@freebsd.org'" Subject: Re: Reading and writing raw Ethernet frames In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Look into the Berkeley Packet Filter. [bpf(4)] /Bosko On Wed, 1 Sep 1999, Cain, Michael E. wrote: !>I have an existing application, developed for Linux, that emulates various !>IP network impairments. One of the key enablers for the app is the ability !>to read and write raw Ethernet frames (sometimes after making appropriate !>changes in the source and destination addresses at both the IP and Ethernet !>level). On Linux, accessing the raw frames was easily accomplished by !>opening a socket of type SOCK_PACKET instead of SOCK_STREAM or SOCK_DGRAM. !>In the case of a Linux box with multiple Ethernet interfaces, it is !>straightforward to know the interface on which the frame was received or to !>specify the interface on which it should be written. !> !>I'm interested in porting the application to FreeBSD, and was wondering if !>there was an equivalent mechanism. To summarize, I need to be able to read !>and write raw Ethernet frames (arbitrarily constructed by me in the worst !>case) and support for multiple Ethernet interfaces while doing so. !> !>Thanks in advance, !>Michael Cain !>MediaOne Labs !>mcain@mediaone.com !> !> !> !>To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org !>with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message !> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Thu Sep 2 2:28:24 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from rgate2.ricochet.net (rgate2.ricochet.net [204.179.143.3]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D889014D67 for ; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 02:28:15 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from boshea@ricochet.net) Received: from beastie.localdomain (mg131-159.ricochet.net [204.179.131.159]) by rgate2.ricochet.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id EAA12333; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 04:27:34 -0500 (CDT) Received: (from brian@localhost) by beastie.localdomain (8.9.3/8.8.7) id CAA60094; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 02:33:13 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from brian) Date: Thu, 2 Sep 1999 02:33:13 -0700 From: "Brian O'Shea" To: Dave Liebreich Cc: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: Re: TCP socket performance? Message-ID: <19990902023313.B57569@beastie.localdomain> Mail-Followup-To: Dave Liebreich , freebsd-net@freebsd.org References: <199909020149.SAA02570@warhawk.entera.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 0.95.4i In-Reply-To: <199909020149.SAA02570@warhawk.entera.com>; from Dave Liebreich on Wed, Sep 01, 1999 at 06:49:11PM -0700 Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Maybe I'm losing it here, but did you actually get this to compile? I started making modifications to get through the compiler errors, but there's just too much wrong here. I'd love to see the compiler that this successfully built on. For instance, this just isn't valid C syntax: 74 int fd(socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)); 75 if (fd < 0) 76 { 77 perror("socket.2"); 78 return 1; 79 } Where is 'fd' declared? Is it an integer or a function? On Wed, Sep 01, 1999 at 06:49:11PM -0700, Dave Liebreich wrote: > The following program was written to demonstrate a problem with Solaris 7 > x86 networking. I tried running it under FreeBSD 3.2-RELEASE (vanilla - no > tuning). > > The program runs for a bit, then the system interactive response "freezes" > - sending a HUP to the process restores the system to normal performace. > > If anyone on this list has any ideas on why this program thrashes the system > so badly, or any suggestions on how to tune the system to not thrash, please > let me know. > > Thanks > > Dave Liebreich > QA > Entera, Inc. > > > --------->% cut here %<--------- > #include > #include > #include > #include > #include > #include > #include > #include > #include > #include > #include > #include > #include > #include > > > #ifdef ONT_GET_ALARMED > static int useAlarm = 0; > #else > static int useAlarm = 1; > #endif > > #ifdef ONT_USE_PIPES > static int usePipes; > #else > static int usePipes = 1; > #endif > > static int numServProcs; > static int numCliProcs; > static int pipefds[2]; > > > static sockaddr_in sin[1]; > static pid_t startPid; > > void pauseAnInstant(long num) > { > timeval tv[1]; > tv->tv_sec = 0; > tv->tv_usec = num * 1000; > if (select(0, 0, 0, 0, tv) < 0) > perror("select"); > } > > static void handler() > { > if (getpid() == startPid) > kill(0, SIGHUP); > } > > static void sigHandler(int sig) > { > exit(0); > } > > int bite(int num) > { > char first[10]; > char pre[2]; > char post[2]; > long pid=getpid(); > pre[0] = 'C'; > pre[1] = ' ' + num; > post[0] = 'c'; > post[1] = ' ' + num; > first[0] = 'F'; > first[1] = ' ' + num; > memcpy(first + 2, (char *)&pid, sizeof pid); > > write(pipefds[1], first, sizeof pid + 2); > for (;;) > { > char buf[2048]; > int fd(socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)); > if (fd < 0) > { > perror("socket.2"); > return 1; > } > pauseAnInstant(10); > write(pipefds[1], pre, 2); > int r = connect(fd, (sockaddr*)sin, sizeof(sin)); > if (r < 0) > { > perror("connect"); > return 1; > } > write(pipefds[1], post, 2); > > if (write(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != sizeof buf) > perror("read.write.bite"); > pauseAnInstant(150); > if (read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != sizeof(buf)) > perror("read.read.bite"); > close(fd); > } > } > > int attack() > { > for (int i = 0; i < numCliProcs; ++i) > { > switch(fork()) > { > case 0: > sleep(1); > return bite(i); > case -1: > perror("fork.2"); > return 1; > } > } > while (wait((int *)0) < 0) > { > sleep(1); > } > return 0; > } > > int block(int num, int bs) > { > char first[10]; > char pre[2]; > char post[2]; > long pid=getpid(); > ssize_t frump; > > pre[0] = 'A'; > pre[1] = ' ' + num | 0x80; > post[0] = 'a'; > post[1] = ' ' + num | 0x80; > first[0] = 'F'; > first[1] = ' ' + num | 0x80; > memcpy(first + 2, (char *)&pid, sizeof pid); > write(pipefds[1], first, sizeof pid + 2); > for (;;) > { > char buf[2048]; > int len = sizeof sin; > pauseAnInstant(50); > write(pipefds[1], pre, 2); > if (useAlarm) > alarm(100); > int fd = accept(bs, (sockaddr *)sin, &len); > if (useAlarm) > alarm(0); > if (fd < 0) > { > perror("accept"); > return 1; > } > write(pipefds[1], post, 2); > if ((frump=read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) != sizeof(buf)) > { > fprintf(stderr,"frump is %lu\n",frump); > perror("read.read.block"); > } > if (write(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != sizeof buf) > perror("read.write.block"); > close(fd); > } > } > > int defend(int bs) > { > for (int i = 0; i < numServProcs; ++i) > { > switch(fork()) > { > case 0: > sleep(1); > return block(i, bs); > case -1: > perror("fork.3"); > return 1; > } > } > while (wait((int *)0) < 0) > { > sleep(1); > } > return 0; > } > > int readStuff() > { > long counts[256]; > long ocounts[5][256]; > long marks[256]; > long pids[256]; > int phases[256]; > unsigned char buf[1 << 14]; > int ln(0); // int ln; BUG BUG BUG BWAHAHAHAHAA > long strt = time((long *)0); > long lasttim = 0; > long nextReportTime = strt + 10; > int leftover = 0; > int i; > > memset((char *)counts, 0, sizeof counts); > memset((char *)marks, 0, sizeof marks); > memset((char *)phases, 0, sizeof phases); > memset((char *)ocounts, 0, sizeof ocounts); > memset((char *)pids, 0, sizeof pids); > > for(;;) > { > pauseAnInstant(450); > if ((ln = read(pipefds[0], (char *)buf + leftover, sizeof(buf) - leftover)) < 0) > { > perror("read.readStuff"); > break; > } > if (ln == 0) > { > if (usePipes) > break; > continue; > } > ln += leftover; > leftover = 0; > if (ln & 1) > { > fprintf(stderr, "What the !?!?!?\n"); > ln &= ~1; > } > long tim = time((long *)0) - strt; > for(i = 0; i < ln; i += 2) > { > int p = buf[i]; > int n = buf[i+1]; > if (p == 'F') > { > if (i + 2 + sizeof pids[0] > ln) > { > leftover = ln - i; > memcpy(buf, buf + i, leftover); > break; > } > memcpy((char *)&pids[n], buf + i + 2, sizeof *pids); > i += sizeof *pids; > } > else > { > counts[p] += 1; > ocounts[tim%5][p] += 1; > phases[n] = p; > marks[n] = tim; > } > } > if (tim <= lasttim) > continue; > if (!(tim % 10) || tim >= nextReportTime) > { > nextReportTime = tim + 10; > > int any(0); > int anyany(0); > for(i = 0; i < 256; ++i) > { > if (marks[i] < tim - 4 && phases[i] == 'A') > { > if (!any) > { > printf("ACCEPT:"); > anyany = any = 1; > } > printf(" %lu:%d", pids[i], tim - marks[i]); > } > } > if (any) > printf("\n"); > > any = 0; > for(i = 0; i < 256; ++i) > { > if (marks[i] < tim - 4 && phases[i] == 'C') > { > if (!any) > { > printf("CONNECT:"); > anyany = any = 1; > } > printf(" %lu:%d", pids[i], tim - marks[i]); > } > } > if (any) > printf("\n"); > > any = 0; > for(i = 0; i < 256; ++i) > { > if (marks[i] < tim - 4 && phases[i] == 'a') > { > if (!any) > { > printf("ACCEPTTRANS:"); > anyany = any = 1; > } > printf(" %lu:%d", pids[i], tim - marks[i]); > } > } > if (any) > printf("\n"); > > any = 0; > for(i = 0; i < 256; ++i) > { > if (marks[i] < tim - 4 && phases[i] == 'c') > { > if (!any) > { > printf("CONNECTTRANS:"); > anyany = any = 1; > } > printf(" %lu:%d", pids[i], tim - marks[i]); > } > } > if (any) > printf("\n"); > > if (!anyany) > { > printf("CLEAN\n"); > } > printf("SEC: CNT:ACP AVGTOTAL.TIM AVG-FIVE.SEC\n"); > } > long n = (counts['a'] * 1000) / tim; > long n2 = 0; > for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) > { > n2 += (ocounts[i]['a'] * 1000) / (tim - lasttim); > } > n2 /= 5; > printf("%03.3ld: %03ld:%03ld %8ld.%03.3ld %8ld.%03.03ld\n", > tim, > counts['C'] - counts['c'], counts['A'] - counts['a'], > n / 1000, n % 1000, n2 / 1000, n2 % 1000); > fflush(stdout); > lasttim = tim; > memset((char *)ocounts[(tim+1)%5], 0, sizeof ocounts[0]); > } > fprintf(stderr, "Sneaking away....\n"); > return 0; > } > > int main(int argc, char **argv) > { > startPid = getpid(); > > setpgrp(0, startPid); > > atexit(handler); > signal(SIGINT, sigHandler); > signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); > > if (usePipes) > { > if (pipe(pipefds)) > { > perror("pipe"); > return 1; > } > } > else > { > pipefds[1] = open("/tmp/incroyable", O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_WRONLY|O_APPEND, 0600); > if (pipefds[1] < 0) > { > perror("open:O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_WRONLY|O_APPEND"); > return 1; > } > pipefds[0] = open("/tmp/incroyable", O_RDONLY, 0600); > if (pipefds[0] < 0) > { > perror("open:O_RDONLY"); > return 1; > } > unlink("/tmp/incroyable"); > } > > close(0); > > switch(fork()) > { > case -1: > perror("fork.9"); > return 1; > case 0: > close(pipefds[1]); > return readStuff(); > } > > nice(20); > > close(pipefds[0]); > > if (argc > 1) > numServProcs = atoi(argv[1]); > if (!numServProcs) > numServProcs = 70; > > if (argc > 2) > numCliProcs = atoi(argv[2]); > if (!numCliProcs) > numCliProcs = numServProcs; > > unsigned short portNo; > int bs(socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)); > if (bs < 0) > { > perror("socket.inet"); > return 1; > } > memset((char* )sin, 0, sizeof(sin)); > > sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; > sin->sin_port = htons(0); > > if (bind(bs, (struct sockaddr* )sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0) > { > perror("bind"); > return 1; > } > > if (listen(bs, 100) < 0) > { > perror("listen"); > return 1; > } > > int ln(sizeof(sin)); > if (getsockname(bs, (struct sockaddr* )sin, &ln) < 0) > { > perror("getsockname"); > return 1; > } > portNo = ntohs(sin->sin_port); > > printf("Listening on Port %u\n", portNo); > fflush(stdout); > close(1); > > switch(fork()) > { > case 0: > close(bs); > sleep(3); > return attack(); > case -1: > perror("fork"); > return 1; > } > return defend(bs); > } > > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message > -- Brian O'Shea boshea@ricochet.net To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Thu Sep 2 2:34:47 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from havoc.entera.com (havoc.maxagility.com [206.165.109.130]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id BF17714E76 for ; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 02:34:41 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from davel@entera.com) Received: from warhawk.entera.com ([206.165.109.147]) by havoc.entera.com (Post.Office MTA v3.1.2 release (PO205-101c) ID# 0-52658U100L100S0V35) with ESMTP id AAA424 for ; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 02:45:37 -0700 Received: from entera.com (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by warhawk.entera.com (8.9.1b+Sun/8.9.1) with ESMTP id CAA11269 for ; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 02:34:11 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199909020934.CAA11269@warhawk.entera.com> To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: Re: TCP socket performance? References: <199909020149.SAA02570@warhawk.entera.com> <19990902023313.B57569@beastie.localdomain> From: Dave Liebreich In-Reply-To: "Brian O'Shea"'s message of "Thu, 2 Sep 1999 02:33:13 -0700" User-Agent: Gnus/5.070095 (Pterodactyl Gnus v0.95) Emacs/20.3 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 02:34:10 -0700 Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org $ g++ ot.cpp ot.cpp: In function `int readStuff()': ot.cpp:331: warning: variable `i' shadows local ot.cpp:199: warning: this is the shadowed declaration $ Thanks for taking the time to look at this. -Dave "Brian O'Shea" writes: > Maybe I'm losing it here, but did you actually get this to compile? > I started making modifications to get through the compiler errors, but > there's just too much wrong here. I'd love to see the compiler that > this successfully built on. > > For instance, this just isn't valid C syntax: > > 74 int fd(socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)); > 75 if (fd < 0) > 76 { > 77 perror("socket.2"); > 78 return 1; > 79 } > > Where is 'fd' declared? Is it an integer or a function? To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Thu Sep 2 3: 8:50 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from ritchie.wplus.net (relay.wplus.net [195.131.52.179]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2630214EB4 for ; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 03:02:56 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from dms@woland.wplus.net) Received: from woland.wplus.net (woland.wplus.net [195.131.0.39]) by ritchie.wplus.net (8.9.1/8.9.1/wplus.2) with ESMTP id OAA18974; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 14:02:31 +0400 (MSK/MSD) X-Real-To: davel@entera.com Received: (from dms@localhost) by woland.wplus.net (8.9.2/8.9.1/wplus.2) id OAA19425; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 14:02:30 +0400 (MSD) Message-ID: X-Mailer: XFMail 1.3 [p0] on FreeBSD X-Priority: 3 (Normal) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=KOI8-R Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <19990902023313.B57569@beastie.localdomain> Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 14:02:30 +0400 (MSD) From: Dmitry Samersoff To: "Brian O'Shea" Subject: Re: TCP socket performance? Cc: freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG, Dave Liebreich Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org On 02-Sep-99 Brian O'Shea wrote: > Maybe I'm losing it here, but did you actually get this to compile? > I started making modifications to get through the compiler errors, but > there's just too much wrong here. I'd love to see the compiler that > this successfully built on. > > For instance, this just isn't valid C syntax: > > 74 int fd(socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)); > 75 if (fd < 0) > 76 { > 77 perror("socket.2"); > 78 return 1; > 79 } > > Where is 'fd' declared? Is it an integer or a function? It's probably C++, g++ compile it whithout problems. But I see no freeze on FreeBSD 2.2.8 - just lots of messages like this: read.read.block: Interrupted system call frump is 1440 --- Dmitry Samersoff, dms@wplus.net, ICQ:3161705 http://devnull.wplus.net * There will come soft rains ... To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Thu Sep 2 4:45:18 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from netserv1.chg.ru (netserv1.chg.ru [193.233.46.3]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4D86514F02; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 04:45:02 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from ks@chg.ru) Received: from speecart.chg.ru (speecart.chg.ru [193.233.46.2]) by netserv1.chg.ru (8.9.3/8.9.1) with ESMTP id PAA20293; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 15:44:51 +0400 (MSD) Message-ID: X-Mailer: XFMail 1.3 [p0] on FreeBSD X-Priority: 3 (Normal) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=KOI8-R Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit MIME-Version: 1.0 Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 15:42:44 +0400 (MSD) Organization: Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics From: "Sergey S. Kosyakov" To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org, freebsd-security@freebsd.org, freebsd-users@freebsd.org Subject: New tool for IP secure tunnels Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org 1.0 version of TUND was released. ftp://ftp.chg.ru/pub/networking/freebsd/README. TUND allows for creation IP over IP (current version) tunnels, which can help to organize private networks, secure channels, non-tivial network topologies, etc. TUND can work upon tun(4) interface or divert(4) sockets. With single running process of TUND up to 65534 tunnels can be created. If tunnel is configured to work with tun(4) pseudo-device, it can be feeded with standard IP routing (route add ...) I the case of ipfw(8), when tunnel is configured to work with divert(4) socket, it can be feeded in many ways - by source or destination, by protocol, by ports, etc. TUND supports compression with ZLIB. Compression level can be configured in tund.conf. Data in tunnels can be encrypted with BlowFish, IDEA or RC5 ciphers from OPenSSL. Symmetric keys for ciphers are passed with RSA identification and encryption. Each host running TUND has own RSA private key. Public version of this key should be transferred to other end of tunnel. Random number is mixed with data before encryption for preventing "dictionary" attack. --- ---------------------------------- Sergey Kosyakov Laboratory of Distributed Computing Department of High-Performance Computing and Applied Network Research Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics E-Mail: ks@chg.ru Date: 02-Sep-99 Time: 15:38:56 ---------------------------------- --- To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Thu Sep 2 6:53:28 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from ausmail2.austin.ibm.com (ausmail2.austin.ibm.com [192.35.232.11]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6E07114E76 for ; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 06:53:25 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from marquard@austin.ibm.com) Received: from netmail.austin.ibm.com (netmail.austin.ibm.com [9.53.250.98]) by ausmail2.austin.ibm.com (8.9.1/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA61666 for ; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 08:49:48 -0500 Received: from mojave.austin.ibm.com (mojave.austin.ibm.com [9.53.150.76]) by netmail.austin.ibm.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id IAA23962 for ; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 08:53:26 -0500 Received: (from marquard@localhost) by mojave.austin.ibm.com (AIX4.3/8.9.3/8.7-client1.01) id IAA33676; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 08:53:23 -0500 To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Reading and writing raw Ethernet frames References: From: Dave Marquardt Date: 02 Sep 1999 08:53:23 -0500 In-Reply-To: "Cain, Michael E."'s message of "Wed, 1 Sep 1999 15:43:58 -0400" Message-ID: Lines: 19 X-Mailer: Gnus v5.6.45/XEmacs 21.1 - "20 Minutes to Nikko" Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org "Cain, Michael E." writes: > I have an existing application, developed for Linux, that emulates various > IP network impairments. One of the key enablers for the app is the ability > to read and write raw Ethernet frames (sometimes after making appropriate > changes in the source and destination addresses at both the IP and Ethernet > level). On Linux, accessing the raw frames was easily accomplished by > opening a socket of type SOCK_PACKET instead of SOCK_STREAM or SOCK_DGRAM. > In the case of a Linux box with multiple Ethernet interfaces, it is > straightforward to know the interface on which the frame was received or to > specify the interface on which it should be written. > > I'm interested in porting the application to FreeBSD, and was wondering if > there was an equivalent mechanism. To summarize, I need to be able to read > and write raw Ethernet frames (arbitrarily constructed by me in the worst > case) and support for multiple Ethernet interfaces while doing so. Others have recommended bpf, but I recommend libpcap instead. -Dave To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Thu Sep 2 7:35:16 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from mx2.itb.ac.id (mx2.itb.ac.id [202.249.47.37]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 7D4F315B7D for ; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 07:34:48 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from waskita@ee.itb.ac.id) Received: (qmail 18045 invoked by uid 1003); 2 Sep 1999 14:33:41 -0000 Received: from mx.ee.itb.ac.id (167.205.48.222) by mx2.itb.ac.id with SMTP; 2 Sep 1999 14:33:41 -0000 Received: (qmail 28965 invoked from network); 2 Sep 1999 14:34:03 -0000 Received: from elka.ee.itb.ac.id (qmailr@167.205.48.219) by mx.ee.itb.ac.id with SMTP; 2 Sep 1999 14:34:03 -0000 Received: (qmail 22434 invoked by uid 1033); 2 Sep 1999 14:34:02 -0000 Received: from localhost (sendmail-bs@127.0.0.1) by localhost with SMTP; 2 Sep 1999 14:34:02 -0000 Date: Thu, 2 Sep 1999 21:34:02 +0700 (JAVT) From: waskita adijarto Reply-To: waskita adijarto To: "Cain, Michael E." Cc: "'freebsd-net@freebsd.org'" Subject: Re: Reading and writing raw Ethernet frames In-Reply-To: Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org On Wed, 1 Sep 1999, Cain, Michael E. wrote: > Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 15:43:58 -0400 > From: "Cain, Michael E." > To: "'freebsd-net@freebsd.org'" > Subject: Reading and writing raw Ethernet frames > > I have an existing application, developed for Linux, that emulates various > IP network impairments. One of the key enablers for the app is the ability > to read and write raw Ethernet frames (sometimes after making appropriate > changes in the source and destination addresses at both the IP and Ethernet > level). On Linux, accessing the raw frames was easily accomplished by > opening a socket of type SOCK_PACKET instead of SOCK_STREAM or SOCK_DGRAM. > In the case of a Linux box with multiple Ethernet interfaces, it is > straightforward to know the interface on which the frame was received or to > specify the interface on which it should be written. > > I'm interested in porting the application to FreeBSD, and was wondering if > there was an equivalent mechanism. To summarize, I need to be able to read > and write raw Ethernet frames (arbitrarily constructed by me in the worst > case) and support for multiple Ethernet interfaces while doing so. I asked similar question about a month ago, and I got 2 answers. I think I must hack bpf code from NetBSD to FreeBSD to enable raw packet writing, but I haven't got time to do it. talking about libpcap, I think it's just a generic interface to bpf. also, linux has something called EtherTAP that can read & write raw ethernet packets. -w- my question: ******************************************************************** Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 11:44:33 +0700 (JAVT) From: waskita adijarto To: freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: writing raw ethernet packet in FreeBSD. I want to read & write raw ethernet packet. I can read raw ethernet packet with bpf, but writing to bpf device is not so successful. the ethernet source address always follow the interface's address. Is this the normal behavior of bpf ? I am thinking that I should look at /usr/src/sys/net/bridge.c to create raw ethernet packet ... My FreeBSD box is 2.2.8, my interface card is 3C509 (ep0) & ed0 (some NE2000 compatible) -w- first answer: ******************************************************************** Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:17:47 -0700 From: Darcy Buskermolen To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: Re: writing raw ethernet packet in FreeBSD. Have a look at the following URL it contains examples form a rather good book on how to write raw datagrams using libpcap. http://www.kohala.com/~rstevens/unpv12e.html //DB At 11:44 AM 7/27/99 +0700, you wrote: > >I want to read & write raw ethernet packet. I can read raw ethernet >packet with bpf, but writing to bpf device is not so successful. the >ethernet source address always follow the interface's address. Is this the >normal behavior of bpf ? I am thinking that I should look at >/usr/src/sys/net/bridge.c to create raw ethernet packet ... > >My FreeBSD box is 2.2.8, my interface card is 3C509 (ep0) & ed0 (some >NE2000 compatible) > >-w- second answer: ******************************************************************** Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 11:02:18 -0700 From: "Gregory P. Smith" To: waskita adijarto Cc: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: Re: writing raw ethernet packet in FreeBSD. > I want to read & write raw ethernet packet. I can read raw ethernet > packet with bpf, but writing to bpf device is not so successful. the > ethernet source address always follow the interface's address. Is this the > normal behavior of bpf ? I am thinking that I should look at > /usr/src/sys/net/bridge.c to create raw ethernet packet ... > > My FreeBSD box is 2.2.8, my interface card is 3C509 (ep0) & ed0 (some > NE2000 compatible) It sounds like you want to write a -completely- raw packet using your own ethernet address? If so, look in the NetBSD bpf.h/bpf.c sources for the BIOC{S,G}HDRCMPLT ioctls. (it doesn't look like anyone ever added this to FreeBSD; its real simple to apply) It allows you to tell the Ethernet driver not to rewrite the device's hardware address into the packet before sending it to the card. Greg ******************************************************************** To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Thu Sep 2 23:18:14 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from unix.kyungpook.ac.kr (unix.kyungpook.ac.kr [155.230.124.116]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id DBFEB14D39 for ; Thu, 2 Sep 1999 23:18:07 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from hdcho@unix.kyungpook.ac.kr) Received: (from hdcho@localhost) by unix.kyungpook.ac.kr (8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA10220 for freebsd-net@freebsd.org; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 15:16:44 +0900 (KST) (envelope-from hdcho) Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 15:16:44 +0900 (KST) From: Huidae Cho Message-Id: <199909030616.PAA10220@unix.kyungpook.ac.kr> To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: realtek8139 Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I installed 3.2-19990815-STABLE and use RealTek 8139 NIC. When I got network connected, a message like 'rl0: watchdog timeout' appeared and network closed after a few minutes. What does 'watchdog timeout' mean? To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Fri Sep 3 0:14:25 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from unix.kyungpook.ac.kr (unix.kyungpook.ac.kr [155.230.124.116]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B895D15602 for ; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 00:14:20 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from hdcho@unix.kyungpook.ac.kr) Received: (from hdcho@localhost) by unix.kyungpook.ac.kr (8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA12264 for freebsd-net@freebsd.org; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 16:13:52 +0900 (KST) (envelope-from hdcho) Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 16:13:52 +0900 (KST) From: Huidae Cho Message-Id: <199909030713.QAA12264@unix.kyungpook.ac.kr> To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: rl0: watchdog timeout Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org So, how can i solve it? Regards, Huidae Cho Original message: >On Fri, 3 Sep 1999, Huidae Cho wrote: > >> I installed 3.2-19990815-STABLE and use RealTek 8139 NIC. >> When I got network connected, a message like 'rl0: watchdog timeout' >> appeared and network closed after a few minutes. >> >> What does 'watchdog timeout' mean? >> >> > >man rl To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Fri Sep 3 0:47:14 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from harrier.prod.itd.earthlink.net (harrier.prod.itd.earthlink.net [207.217.121.12]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1E82F14F9C; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 00:47:07 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from dlow3@earthlink.net) Received: from earthlink.net (CBL-dlow3.hs.earthlink.net [209.178.107.75]) by harrier.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA08525; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 00:46:01 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <37CF7CF0.AD0B0A4F@earthlink.net> Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 00:46:57 -0700 From: Derrick X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.08 [en] (X11; I; FreeBSD 3.2-STABLE i386) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: freebsd-ipfw@freebsd.org Subject: Help with masquerading hybrid cable modem connection Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I am having trouble masquerading my hybrid cable modem connection in FreeBSD. By hybrid, I mean it uses a normal analog ppp account to dial out for uploads (it's an Earthlink account, by the way) and a Com21 cable modem for the downloads. They haven't yet implemented the two-way on the cable connection yet. You dial ppp as normal and it gives you your ip automatically. It's not a normal account, it automatically uses your ethernet card for downloading somehow. In FreeBSD I can connect fine (I can't even get it working in Linux) but I am having trouble masquerading. Is it even possible to masquerade this kind of hybrid connection in FreeBSD? I have IPFIREWALL, IPDIVERT, and IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT in my kernel config. I've tried natd -n ed1 and natd -n tun0. I've tried dialing ppp with and without the -alias flag. I've tried: ipfw add divert natd all from any to any via ed1 I've tried: ipfw add divert natd all from any to any via tun0 And I've tried: ipfw add 100 divert natd ip from any to any out recv ed1 xmit tun0 None of these seems to work, what am I doing wrong? Please help! Any info would be helpful. Thanks in advance. Derrick To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Fri Sep 3 0:50:52 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from arpa.com (rage.arpa.com [199.245.173.3]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id C5E5415668 for ; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 00:50:43 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from jamie@arpa.com) Received: (from jamie@localhost) by arpa.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id CAA24290; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 02:49:09 -0500 (CDT) Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 02:49:09 -0500 From: Jamie Rishaw To: Huidae Cho Cc: freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: rl0: watchdog timeout Message-ID: <19990903024909.A24274@rage.arpa.com> References: <199909030713.QAA12264@unix.kyungpook.ac.kr> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 0.95.4i In-Reply-To: <199909030713.QAA12264@unix.kyungpook.ac.kr>; from Huidae Cho on Fri, Sep 03, 1999 at 04:13:52PM +0900 X-Face: d=) RFC_Violation: You saw it here first! X-Note: This is my personal e-mail account X-PGP-Fingerprint: <921C135D> C4 48 1B 26 18 7B 1F D9 BA C4 9C 7A B1 07 07 E8 X-No-Archive: Yes Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Go buy a 3com :) On Fri, Sep 03, 1999 at 04:13:52PM +0900, Huidae Cho wrote: > So, how can i solve it? > > Regards, > Huidae Cho > > > Original message: > > >On Fri, 3 Sep 1999, Huidae Cho wrote: > > > >> I installed 3.2-19990815-STABLE and use RealTek 8139 NIC. > >> When I got network connected, a message like 'rl0: watchdog timeout' > >> appeared and network closed after a few minutes. > >> > >> What does 'watchdog timeout' mean? > >> > >> > > > >man rl > > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message -- _|_ A jamie rishaw is jamie at arpa dot com .. So what's the speed of dark? "Shyness is nice, but shyness can stop you from doing all the things in life that you'd like to. So, if there's something you'd like to try.. If there's something you'd like to try ask me - I won't say 'no' - how could I?" //Smiths To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Fri Sep 3 1: 9:38 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from etri.re.kr (mail.etri.re.kr [129.254.113.113]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id C19C714F33 for ; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 01:09:34 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from kimch@etri.re.kr) Received: from etri.re.kr (kimch.etri.re.kr [129.254.191.142]) by etri.re.kr (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA20102 for ; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 17:06:21 +0900 (KST) Message-ID: <37CF8264.9302921D@etri.re.kr> Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 17:10:12 +0900 From: Changhoon Kim X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 Cc: freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: rl0: watchdog timeout References: <199909030713.QAA12264@unix.kyungpook.ac.kr> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=EUC-KR Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Huidae Cho wrote: > So, how can i solve it? > > Regards, > Huidae Cho > > Original message: > > >On Fri, 3 Sep 1999, Huidae Cho wrote: > > > >> I installed 3.2-19990815-STABLE and use RealTek 8139 NIC. > >> When I got network connected, a message like 'rl0: watchdog timeout' > >> appeared and network closed after a few minutes. > >> > >> What does 'watchdog timeout' mean? > >> > >> > > > >man rl It seems like that the kernel error is derived from if_slowtimo() function in /sys/net/if.c . Why don't you consult with wpaul@ctr.columbia.edu on this problem, who has written the rl driver ? But, in my humble opinion, the fastest and the easiest way for you to make networking work, is installing another NIC. Cheers ! Changhoon -- ========================================================== Changhoon Kim Internet Technology Research Dept. Switching & Transmission Technology Lab. Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute(ETRI) 161 Kajong-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon, 305-350, KOREA Tel: (Office) +82-42-860-5801, (Cell) +82-19-226-6305 E-mail: kimch@etri.re.kr * All Smiles, Everywhere and Everytime ! =========================================================== To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Fri Sep 3 9:15: 3 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from ns1.tu-graz.ac.at (ns1.tu-graz.ac.at [129.27.2.3]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 14CEE14C87 for ; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 09:14:56 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from mbretter@sbox.tu-graz.ac.at) Received: from babsi.tu-graz.ac.at (teleweb-17.vc-graz.ac.at [193.171.247.17]) by ns1.tu-graz.ac.at (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id SAA22415 for ; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 18:13:57 +0200 (MET DST) From: Michael Bretterklieber To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: Q:Dummynet & Bridge Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 17:59:40 +0200 X-Mailer: KMail [version 1.0.21] Content-Type: text/plain MIME-Version: 1.0 Message-Id: <99090318120202.00302@babsi.tu-graz.ac.at> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hi, I have this configuration: ed0 <----bridge------>ed1 --------------Internet internal network-| Bandwidth lim. |-------|Cisco-router|------- ------------------ -------------- I limited the traffic of one PC with dummynet. 1. I had within a duration of ~1 day ~80 drops (ipfw pipe show). What's the reason for these drops? How can I avoid these drops? 2. "ipfw pipe show" shows this value: 50sl What does it stand for? Mybe Luigi can give an exact description of the values shown with "ipfw pipe show"? 3. I have some collision-messages from the kernel (collision at: 0). Is it only a warning or my I have a big problem? Remark: There are no network-problems Thanx, -- \|/ @ @ +---------------------------oOO-(_)-OOo---------------------------+ Michael Bretterklieber Office: Michael.Bretterklieber@gamed.com Privat: mbretter@sbox.tu-graz.ac.at URL: http://www.sbox.tu-graz.ac.at/home/m/mbretter/ Sorry for my bad english! +-----------------------------------------------------------------+ To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Fri Sep 3 13:29:51 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu (khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.4.193]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 119161571C for ; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 13:29:44 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from wollman@khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu) Received: (from wollman@localhost) by khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) id QAA17700; Fri, 3 Sep 1999 16:28:44 -0400 (EDT) (envelope-from wollman) Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 16:28:44 -0400 (EDT) From: Garrett Wollman Message-Id: <199909032028.QAA17700@khavrinen.lcs.mit.edu> To: net@freebsd.org Subject: RFC 1323 currently broken Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I just discovered that something is broken in our RFC 1323 support. This is a result of the recent timer changes. (RFC 1323 is used to protect against TCP window wrap-around on fat pipes, and improves round-trip-time estimates.) If you are experiencing TCP connections mysteriously hanging, try disabling timestamps with `sysctl -w net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=0'. -GAWollman -- Garrett A. Wollman | O Siem / We are all family / O Siem / We're all the same wollman@lcs.mit.edu | O Siem / The fires of freedom Opinions not those of| Dance in the burning flame MIT, LCS, CRS, or NSA| - Susan Aglukark and Chad Irschick To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Sat Sep 4 9:50:44 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from stennis.ca.sandia.gov (stennis.ca.sandia.gov [146.246.243.44]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6D84714C03 for ; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 09:50:29 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from bmah@stennis.ca.sandia.gov) Received: (from bmah@localhost) by stennis.ca.sandia.gov (8.9.3/8.9.3) id JAA05434; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 09:50:26 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199909041650.JAA05434@stennis.ca.sandia.gov> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.1.0 04/14/1999 To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Cc: bmah@CA.Sandia.GOV Subject: RFC 2414 patch From: bmah@CA.Sandia.GOV (Bruce A. Mah) Reply-To: bmah@CA.Sandia.GOV X-Face: g~c`.{#4q0"(V*b#g[i~rXgm*w;:nMfz%_RZLma)UgGN&=j`5vXoU^@n5v4:OO)c["!w)nD/!!~e4Sj7LiT'6*wZ83454H""lb{CC%T37O!!'S$S&D}sem7I[A 2V%N&+ X-Url: http://www.ca.sandia.gov/~bmah/ Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed ; boundary="==_Exmh_17778139760" Date: Sat, 04 Sep 1999 09:50:26 -0700 Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org This is a multipart MIME message. --==_Exmh_17778139760 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Hi all-- The experimental RFC 2414 specifies "an increase in the permitted initial window for TCP from one segment to roughly 4K bytes". The RFC explains the various issues far better than I could. Mostly as an intellectual exercise, I wrote up a small patch for RFC 2414 support, which can be enabled or disabled via a sysctl (it defaults to "disabled", of course). This patch applies against 3.2-RELEASE. I've attached the patch in the hope that it'll be useful to someone. I don't know enough about the issues to advocate a position for or against including it in the source tree, but tcpdump verified that it at least did what it I thought it was supposed to do. Cheers, Bruce. PS. It's about the start of a new semester/quarter/term for most schools. Doing a few experiments with this might make a nice, tractable class project for someone, after appropriate researching of the literature to see what's already been done. PPS. Also, if either Scott Shenker of ACIRI or Hui Zhang of CMU is interested in doing something with this and want a co-author on any resulting SIGCOMM submission, they can let me know. --==_Exmh_17778139760 Content-Type: application/x-patch ; name="rfc2414.patch" Content-Description: rfc2414.patch Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 ZGlmZiAtYyAtciBzeXMvbmV0aW5ldC90Y3BfaW5wdXQuYyBzeXMubmV3L25ldGluZXQvdGNw X2lucHV0LmMKKioqIHN5cy9uZXRpbmV0L3RjcF9pbnB1dC5jCVR1ZSBBcHIgMjAgMTI6MDk6 MTUgMTk5OQotLS0gc3lzLm5ldy9uZXRpbmV0L3RjcF9pbnB1dC5jCVdlZCBKdW4gIDIgMTY6 NTc6MTIgMTk5OQoqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioKKioqIDg4LDkzICoqKioKLS0tIDg4LDk3IC0t LS0KICBTWVNDVExfSU5UKF9uZXRfaW5ldF90Y3AsIE9JRF9BVVRPLCBkZWxheWVkX2Fjaywg Q1RMRkxBR19SVywgCiAgCSZ0Y3BfZGVsYWNrX2VuYWJsZWQsIDAsICIiKTsKICAKKyBpbnQg dGNwX2RvX3JmYzI0MTQgPSAwOworIFNZU0NUTF9JTlQoX25ldF9pbmV0X3RjcCwgVENQQ1RM X0RPX1JGQzI0MTQsIHJmYzI0MTQsCisgCUNUTEZMQUdfUlcsICZ0Y3BfZG9fcmZjMjQxNCAs IDAsICJVc2UgUkZDIDI0MTQgaW5pdGlhbCB3aW5kb3dzIik7CisgCiAgdV9sb25nCXRjcF9u 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aGUgX19QKChzdHJ1Y3QgaW5wY2IgKikpOwogIHZvaWQJIHRjcF9pbml0IF9fUCgodm9pZCkp OworIGludAkgdGNwX2luaXRfY3duZCBfX1AoKGludCBtc3MpKTsKICB2b2lkCSB0Y3BfaW5w dXQgX19QKChzdHJ1Y3QgbWJ1ZiAqLCBpbnQpKTsKICB2b2lkCSB0Y3BfbXNzIF9fUCgoc3Ry dWN0IHRjcGNiICosIGludCkpOwogIGludAkgdGNwX21zc29wdCBfX1AoKHN0cnVjdCB0Y3Bj YiAqKSk7Ck9ubHkgaW4gc3lzLm5ldy9uZXRpbmV0OiB0Y3BfdmFyLmh+Cg== --==_Exmh_17778139760-- To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Sat Sep 4 12: 9:48 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from gw.caamora.com.au (jonath5.lnk.telstra.net [139.130.41.237]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 27982150B0 for ; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 12:09:42 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from jon@gw.caamora.com.au) Received: (from jon@localhost) by gw.caamora.com.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) id FAA02841; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 05:08:25 +1000 (EST) (envelope-from jon) Message-ID: <19990905050824.B2759@caamora.com.au> Date: Sun, 5 Sep 1999 05:08:24 +1000 From: jonathan michaels To: Archie Cobbs Cc: Brian Somers , kit , Robert Watson , freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: "Invitation to participate in PPPoE Trial" (fwd) Mail-Followup-To: Archie Cobbs , Brian Somers , kit , Robert Watson , freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG References: <19990805181609.H13504@caamora.com.au> <199908071744.KAA84444@bubba.whistle.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 0.91.1i In-Reply-To: <199908071744.KAA84444@bubba.whistle.com>; from Archie Cobbs on Sat, Aug 07, 1999 at 10:44:08AM -0700 X-Operating-System: FreeBSD gw.caamora.com.au 2.2.7-RELEASE i386 X-Mood: i'm alive, if it counts Organisation: Caamora, PO Box 144, Rosebery NSW 1445 Australia Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org On Sat, Aug 07, 1999 at 10:44:08AM -0700, Archie Cobbs wrote: > jonathan michaels writes: > > can any of what we have been discussing be applied to frame > > relay. i've been reading up on isdn and frame relay. here in > > australia (my part ok) frame relay is significanly cheaper than > > isdn services and from what the telco techies tell me the > > implementation is far more reliable (dropout rates and overal > > link stability and throughput). > > > > is it possible to run frame relay over a freebsd based hardware > > mix (computer+serial card+modem+ppp). sorry, if i got it all > > base over apex i still find some (most) of this networking a > > triffle confusing. > > Check out netgraph, which includes frame relay support. > The patches are probably out of data though. You also must > use the mpd port instead of ppp. thx archie and the others .. sorry for delay, i've been more ill than usuall. i've looked at the etinc cards fro fr stuff and will folow up on teh mpd and a few other items when if i get back on stream. surgery can have this effect on a person. > ftp://ftp.whistle.com/pub/archie/netgraph/index.html noted, dirised, recieved with thanks all please excuse my chabier than usual typing, my cns is starting to show signs of sever damage .. sorry. regards and aprsciation jonathan -- =============================================================================== Jonathan Michaels PO Box 144, Rosebery, NSW 1445 Australia =========================================================== To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Sat Sep 4 12:19:55 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from gw.caamora.com.au (jonath5.lnk.telstra.net [139.130.41.237]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0485714BF6 for ; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 12:19:48 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from jon@gw.caamora.com.au) Received: (from jon@localhost) by gw.caamora.com.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) id FAA02860; Sun, 5 Sep 1999 05:19:28 +1000 (EST) (envelope-from jon) Message-ID: <19990905051927.C2759@caamora.com.au> Date: Sun, 5 Sep 1999 05:19:27 +1000 From: jonathan michaels To: spork Cc: Brian Somers , Brian Somers , Robert Watson , freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: "Invitation to participate in PPPoE Trial" (fwd) Mail-Followup-To: spork , Brian Somers , Brian Somers , Robert Watson , freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG References: <19990803225325.E10638@caamora.com.au> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 0.91.1i In-Reply-To: ; from spork on Fri, Aug 20, 1999 at 01:31:58PM -0400 X-Operating-System: FreeBSD gw.caamora.com.au 2.2.7-RELEASE i386 X-Mood: i'm alive, if it counts Organisation: Caamora, PO Box 144, Rosebery NSW 1445 Australia Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org On Fri, Aug 20, 1999 at 01:31:58PM -0400, spork wrote: > On Tue, 3 Aug 1999, jonathan michaels wrote: > > > i realise that all things bright and shiney are seen as must > > haves, but could you (briefly and not so technically) explain > > to me and the others who may also be wondering what real > > advantage PPPoE would offer to endusers. > > > > It's great!! Your ISP has to shell out for a Redback box to terminate > these connections (they co-authored the RFC w/UUNet), so right there if > you are a customer with stock in RedBack, you make a little cash. On top > of that, you bandwidth goes down a bit as you encapsulate umpteen this aggregation is happening all over the place, from what limited reading i've been able to do, especially with and about atm and the like. i realise atm is another ball game but it strikes me as a similar methodology .. sort off. > protocols inside each other, you get a sloppier network design from your > dsl provider as they realize that with PPPoE they can think of their dsl > cloud as a "Big LAN", and you get to put that new PIII's spare cycles to i have my own reservations about most all flavours of dsl, the ones beng planed for rollout over australia are not real suited to cleint sneeds, raither the providors pockets .. aka chea and real nasty. > use doing PPP on your 1.6Mb link. And don't forget how your dedicated dsl > line now requires you to "dial up" each time you want to do something... and why do you thing these value added thingamagigs are being developed ? how else is marica telcos going to get onto the cash cows that are the local fee for connect to voice/data network .. sorry i'm bit conspriacy mnded today. > Those redback folks have an excellent sales team. alla, microsoft, redhat, ibm, et al > > > I don't much care for the idea. me too, though for slightly different reasons, sort off. regards and thx. jonathan ps, al pleaese excuse my deteriorating typing, my hands are not themselves thes days. -- =============================================================================== Jonathan Michaels PO Box 144, Rosebery, NSW 1445 Australia =========================================================== To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Sat Sep 4 16:19:42 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from fenestro.grillo.net (adsl-216-103-84-67.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net [216.103.84.67]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CCC9D150F1 for ; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 16:19:35 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from fenner@fenestro.grillo.net) Received: (from fenner@localhost) by fenestro.grillo.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA07095 for freebsd-net@freebsd.org; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 16:19:21 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from fenner) Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 16:19:21 -0700 (PDT) From: Bill Fenner Message-Id: <199909042319.QAA07095@fenestro.grillo.net> To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: RIP W. Richard Stevens Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Rich Stevens died on Wednesday, September 1. An obituary is at: http://www.bigdealclassifieds.com/classified/plsql/classlevel3_step?wClass=0002&wPubdate=Friday&wRowstart=2&wLessOrMore= No words can express how much Rich has contributed to the UNIX and networking community. Bill To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Sat Sep 4 16:26:46 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from mail-blue.research.att.com (mail-blue.research.att.com [135.207.30.102]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id E68DA14CC0; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 16:26:40 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from fenner@research.att.com) Received: from alliance.research.att.com (alliance.research.att.com [135.207.26.26]) by mail-blue.research.att.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4E1A44CE09; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 19:26:30 -0400 (EDT) Received: from windsor.research.att.com (windsor.research.att.com [135.207.26.46]) by alliance.research.att.com (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id TAA20756; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 19:26:29 -0400 (EDT) From: Bill Fenner Received: (from fenner@localhost) by windsor.research.att.com (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.5) id QAA22500; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 16:26:29 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199909042326.QAA22500@windsor.research.att.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII To: ankzt@maine.60north.net Subject: Re: 3.2 Stable & ARP changes. Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org, freebsd-net@freebsd.org Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 16:26:28 -0700 Versions: dmail (solaris) 2.2d/makemail 2.8u Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org When you have this trouble, is the ARP entry pointing to the wrong interface? (e.g. if you "route get 198.146.203.5") Bill To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Sat Sep 4 16:41:21 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from mail-green.research.att.com (H-135-207-30-103.research.att.com [135.207.30.103]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2EC86150E1 for ; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 16:41:19 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from fenner@research.att.com) Received: from alliance.research.att.com (alliance.research.att.com [135.207.26.26]) by mail-green.research.att.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id CCCB61E042; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 19:40:56 -0400 (EDT) Received: from windsor.research.att.com (windsor.research.att.com [135.207.26.46]) by alliance.research.att.com (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id TAA20887; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 19:40:56 -0400 (EDT) From: Bill Fenner Received: (from fenner@localhost) by windsor.research.att.com (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.5) id QAA22619; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 16:40:56 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199909042340.QAA22619@windsor.research.att.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII To: mcain@mediaone.com Subject: Re: Reading and writing raw Ethernet frames Cc: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 16:40:55 -0700 Versions: dmail (solaris) 2.2d/makemail 2.8u Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org You might look into libnet (/usr/ports/net/libnet); it has functions to help write link-layer packets (which libpcap doesn't). Bill To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Sat Sep 4 19:29:53 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from mail-blue.research.att.com (mail-blue.research.att.com [135.207.30.102]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9501F14BD5 for ; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 19:29:48 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from fenner@research.att.com) Received: from alliance.research.att.com (alliance.research.att.com [135.207.26.26]) by mail-blue.research.att.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id E1F6C4CE15 for ; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 22:29:14 -0400 (EDT) Received: from windsor.research.att.com (windsor.research.att.com [135.207.26.46]) by alliance.research.att.com (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id WAA22639 for ; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 22:29:14 -0400 (EDT) From: Bill Fenner Received: (from fenner@localhost) by windsor.research.att.com (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.5) id TAA23397; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 19:29:13 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199909050229.TAA23397@windsor.research.att.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: Re: RIP W. Richard Stevens Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 19:29:12 -0700 Versions: dmail (solaris) 2.2d/makemail 2.8u Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org BTW, the family asks that in lieu of flowers, donations be made in Richard's name to Habitat for Humanity 2950 E. 22nd Street Tucson, AZ 85713. Bill To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-net Sat Sep 4 23:47: 6 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Received: from alpo.whistle.com (alpo.whistle.com [207.76.204.38]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 972DC15156 for ; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 23:47:05 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from julian@whistle.com) Received: from current1.whistle.com (current1.whistle.com [207.76.205.22]) by alpo.whistle.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with SMTP id XAA09073; Sat, 4 Sep 1999 23:43:49 -0700 (PDT) Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 23:45:01 -0700 (PDT) From: Julian Elischer To: Bill Fenner Cc: freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: RIP W. Richard Stevens In-Reply-To: <199909042319.QAA07095@fenestro.grillo.net> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I'm shocked.. any word on a cause? On Sat, 4 Sep 1999, Bill Fenner wrote: > Rich Stevens died on Wednesday, September 1. An obituary is at: > > http://www.bigdealclassifieds.com/classified/plsql/classlevel3_step?wClass=0002&wPubdate=Friday&wRowstart=2&wLessOrMore= > > No words can express how much Rich has contributed to the UNIX and > networking community. > > Bill > > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message