Input and Output Functions
==========================

   Functions that perform input from a stdio stream, and functions that
output to a stdio stream.  Passing a NULL pointer for a STREAM argument
to any of these functions will make them read from `stdin' and write to
`stdout', respectively.

   When using any of these functions, it is a good idea to include
`stdio.h' before `gmp.h', since that will allow `gmp.h' to define
prototypes for these functions.

 - Function: size_t mpz_out_str (FILE *STREAM, int BASE, mpz_t OP)
     Output OP on stdio stream STREAM, as a string of digits in base
     BASE.  The base may vary from 2 to 36.

     Return the number of bytes written, or if an error occurred,
     return 0.

 - Function: size_t mpz_inp_str (mpz_t ROP, FILE *STREAM, int BASE)
     Input a possibly white-space preceded string in base BASE from
     stdio stream STREAM, and put the read integer in ROP.  The base
     may vary from 2 to 36.  If BASE is 0, the actual base is
     determined from the leading characters: if the first two
     characters are `0x' or `0X', hexadecimal is assumed, otherwise if
     the first character is `0', octal is assumed, otherwise decimal is
     assumed.

     Return the number of bytes read, or if an error occurred, return 0.

 - Function: size_t mpz_out_raw (FILE *STREAM, mpz_t OP)
     Output OP on stdio stream STREAM, in raw binary format.  The
     integer is written in a portable format, with 4 bytes of size
     information, and that many bytes of limbs.  Both the size and the
     limbs are written in decreasing significance order (i.e., in
     big-endian).

     The output can be read with `mpz_inp_raw'.

     Return the number of bytes written, or if an error occurred,
     return 0.

     The output of this can not be read by `mpz_inp_raw' from GMP 1,
     because of changes necessary for compatibility between 32-bit and
     64-bit machines.

 - Function: size_t mpz_inp_raw (mpz_t ROP, FILE *STREAM)
     Input from stdio stream STREAM in the format written by
     `mpz_out_raw', and put the result in ROP.  Return the number of
     bytes read, or if an error occurred, return 0.

     This routine can read the output from `mpz_out_raw' also from GMP
     1, in spite of changes necessary for compatibility between 32-bit
     and 64-bit machines.