From owner-freebsd-newbies Sun Jan 10 09:49:12 1999 Return-Path: Received: (from majordom@localhost) by hub.freebsd.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) id JAA16956 for freebsd-newbies-outgoing; Sun, 10 Jan 1999 09:49:12 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG) Received: from mail.surf24.de (mail.surf24.de [212.62.192.50]) by hub.freebsd.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id JAA16948 for ; Sun, 10 Jan 1999 09:49:07 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from Rainer.Duffner@surf24.de) Received: from duffner.surf24.de (surf247.surf24.de [212.62.193.247]) by mail.surf24.de (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id SAA10979 for ; Sun, 10 Jan 1999 18:48:35 +0100 Date: Sun, 10 Jan 1999 17:10:25 +0100 (MEZ) From: Rainer M Duffner Subject: cat and more ? To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=ISO-8859-1 X-Organization: enigma, http://www-stud.fh-konstanz.de/~enigma X-Mailer: ANT RISCOS Marcel [ver 1.46] Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from QUOTED-PRINTABLE to 8bit by hub.freebsd.org id JAA16952 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Well, on a linux-box I (have) to use, (where the "more"-program is absolutely silly implemented; i.e. you can't use j+k, e+b)) I have some 6 logfiles. If I do a more in the directory * and try to search through it (/), I can only search the first file. So I have to resort to cat * | more to browse through all files with the / - command. I think (haven't tried it yet seriously), FreeBSD's more is better in this respect. Still, I think that cat blah |more _is_ a reasonable command to tell a newbie. cheers, Rainer -- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |Rainer Duffner, E-Mail: duffner@fh-konstanz.de | | & Rainer.Duffner@surf24.de | |Fachhochschule Konstanz, Germany | |"What's a Network ?" - Bill Gates, early 1980s | | Achtung: rainer.duffner@konstanz.netsurf.de | |(die alte E-Mail Adresse) verfällt zum 31.12.98 | | WWW:http://www-stud.fh-konstanz.de/~duffner | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Mon Jan 11 05:15:20 1999 Return-Path: Received: (from majordom@localhost) by hub.freebsd.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) id FAA01188 for freebsd-newbies-outgoing; Mon, 11 Jan 1999 05:15:20 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG) Received: from cc942873-a.ewndsr1.nj.home.com (cc942873-a.ewndsr1.nj.home.com [24.2.89.207]) by hub.freebsd.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id FAA01183 for ; Mon, 11 Jan 1999 05:15:19 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from cjc@cc942873-a.ewndsr1.nj.home.com) Received: (from cjc@localhost) by cc942873-a.ewndsr1.nj.home.com (8.8.8/8.8.8) id IAA25181; Mon, 11 Jan 1999 08:14:15 -0500 (EST) (envelope-from cjc) From: "Crist J. Clark" Message-Id: <199901111314.IAA25181@cc942873-a.ewndsr1.nj.home.com> Subject: Re: find a error in The FreeBSD User Guide (i guess) In-Reply-To: <36979C7F.2C771900@aei.ca> from Malartre at "Jan 9, 99 01:14:24 pm" To: malartre@aei.ca (Malartre) Date: Mon, 11 Jan 1999 08:14:15 -0500 (EST) Cc: root@aew.k2.dorm.ncku.edu.tw, newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Reply-To: cjclark@home.com X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL40 (25)] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Malartre wrote, > Charlie Root wrote: > > $ ln -s mydir/dir dir > > $ ls -l > > lrwxrwxrwx 1 elvis elvis 9 28 nov 18:56 dir -> mydir/dir > > > > because dir is a directory > > so it may changed as follows:? > > lrwxrwxrwx 1 elvis elvis 9 28 nov 18:56 dir -> mydir/dir(/)? > It is not an error, because if you do the command ls -l on a directory > where there is a symbolic link, you won't have that (/) at the end. > Try it > Thank You Nope, not true. A symbolic link will be just what you typed in. The original poster was not correct in that there was an error in the book, but the original poster's command would work too. % ln -s /mydir/dir check1 % ln -s /mydir/dir/ check2 % ls -l check* lrwxrwxrwx 1 cjc cjc 10 Jan 11 08:04 check1 -> /mydir/dir lrwxrwxrwx 1 cjc cjc 11 Jan 11 08:04 check2 -> /mydir/dir/ There is no checking or any change made to the first argument by the 'ln' command when doing symbolic linking. That's why you can point to directories that do not exist, % ln -s /non/sense/path check3 No error. This is often useful if you have links to files that sometimes do and sometimes don't exist, e.g. on a filesystem that is not always mounted. Note that the original issue whether to end a link to a directory with a '/' is mostly a moot point. If I were to refer to a file in 'check1' or 'check2,' each expands so, check1/file => /mydir/dir/file check2/file => /mydir/dir//file Which the system sees as the same file. It effectively ignores multiple slashes and treats them as one. -- Crist J. Clark cjclark@home.com To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Mon Jan 11 16:55:32 1999 Return-Path: Received: (from majordom@localhost) by hub.freebsd.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) id QAA29872 for freebsd-newbies-outgoing; Mon, 11 Jan 1999 16:55:32 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG) Received: from mail001.mediacity.com (mail001.mediacity.com [205.216.172.9]) by hub.freebsd.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id QAA29863 for ; Mon, 11 Jan 1999 16:55:31 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from philip@civex.com) Received: (qmail 6708 invoked from network); 12 Jan 1999 01:02:37 -0000 Received: from cm2081634421.coast.ispchannel.com (HELO ?208.163.44.21?) (208.163.44.21) by mail001.mediacity.com with SMTP; 12 Jan 1999 01:02:37 -0000 X-Sender: stripling@pop3.mediacity.com (Unverified) Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Mon, 11 Jan 1999 16:56:17 -0800 To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG From: Phil Stripling Subject: subscribe freebsd-newbies Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org subscribe freebsd-newbies -- Phil Stripling The Civilized Explorer http://www.cieux.com/ To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Fri Jan 15 17:30:32 1999 Return-Path: Received: (from majordom@localhost) by hub.freebsd.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) id RAA14715 for freebsd-newbies-outgoing; Fri, 15 Jan 1999 17:30:32 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG) Received: from phoenix.welearn.com.au (phoenix.welearn.com.au [139.130.44.81] (may be forged)) by hub.freebsd.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id RAA14696 for ; Fri, 15 Jan 1999 17:30:18 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from sue@phoenix.welearn.com.au) Received: (from sue@localhost) by phoenix.welearn.com.au (8.9.1/8.9.0) id MAA09619 for freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org; Sat, 16 Jan 1999 12:30:13 +1100 (EST) Date: Sat, 16 Jan 1999 12:30:13 +1100 (EST) From: Sue Blake Message-Id: <199901160130.MAA09619@phoenix.welearn.com.au> To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: FreeBSD Newbies First Aid Kit Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org FreeBSD-Newbies First Aid Kit (Last updated 30 August 1998) (This is a regular posting to the FreeBSD-Newbies mailing list. It is also available at http://www.welearn.com.au/freebsd/newbies/) FreeBSD-Questions@FreeBSD.ORG is the place to send all questions about installing, configuring, running and using FreeBSD. All help requests are handled by FreeBSD-Questions, including newbies questions. FreeBSD-Newbies is different. We don't ask for help or answer how-to questions. It is a discussion forum for newbies. FreeBSD-Newbies provides a place for new FreeBSD users to meet and covers any of the activities of newbies that are not already dealt with elsewhere. Examples include helping each other to learn more on our own, finding and using resources, problem solving techniques, how to seek help elsewhere, how to use mailing lists and which lists to use, general chat, making mistakes, boasting, sharing ideas, stories, moral (but not technical) support, and taking an active part in the FreeBSD community. We take our problems and support questions to freebsd-questions, and use freebsd-newbies to meet others who are doing the same things that we do as newbies. One of the things we do together is learn more effective ways to find help when we need it. Here are some suggestions: When something doesn't work the way you expect 1. First look at the errata for your release of FreeBSD at http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/releases/ for the latest information and security advisories. 2. Search the Handbook, FAQ, and mail archives at http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/search.html 3. If you still have a question or problem, collect the output of `uname -a' and of any relevant program(s) and email your question to FreeBSD-questions@FreeBSD.ORG. Mailing lists When you have a problem that you can't solve by yourself, there's only one support mailing list and that's FreeBSD-questions@FreeBSD.ORG. FreeBSD-questions helps with installation and basic setup as well as more general and advanced questions. You don't have to actually join freebsd-questions before asking a question there. Replies to your question will normally be sent to you personally as well as to the list. Just make sure you have read and followed the guidelines for posting, because you might find them different to what you're used to. If you do subscribe to freebsd-questions you'll have the advantage of seeing all of the recent questions and their answers. Before you post to FreeBSD-questions, please read the guidelines at http://www.lemis.com/questions.html Many of the people who answer FreeBSD-questions are very knowledgeable, but they get frustrated when they get questions which are difficult to understand. http://www.lemis.com/email.html is worth reading too. If you're not sure that you can follow these guidelines, come back and ask the other newbies for help on how to post an effective question to the support mailing list. Maybe your question has been asked before. If you search the mailing list archives at http://www.freebsd.org/search.html first you might get the answer right away. It's always worth trying. Other mailing lists (http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/eresources:charters.html) cover specialised areas and many are more developer-oriented. You'll need to read their charters carefully before participating, but it's probably a good idea to ask on either -newbies or -questions for advice about where to post a more specialised question. FreeBSD-announce is a very low volume read-only list for occasional announcements, such as notice of new releases, and the Really Quick Newsletter. It's worth subscribing to FreeBSD-announce too. Manuals You'll always be expected show that you have made some effort to use the available documentation before asking for help. That's not always as easy as it sounds! If you know what documentation you need but can't locate it, send a brief query to FreeBSD-questions. If you don't know what you need, always have trouble finding it, or can't make any sense of it when you do, ask some patient newbies to steer you in the right direction. Anyone interested in writing or reviewing documentation for FreeBSD is encouraged to join the FreeBSD Documentation Project. Details are at http://www.freebsd.org/docproj/docproj.html Other resources A resource list is available at http://www.freebsd.org/projects/newbies.html to help new and inexperienced FreeBSD users to find relevant information quickly. It includes books, on line documents and tutorials, and links to web pages that other newbies have found useful for learning. If you have a suggestion for good material to be included, please write to freebsd-newbies and tell us about it. But I have seen people asking questions here! It is quite common for people to send the wrong kind of post to a mailing list. Because we're newbies it'll certainly happen here from time to time. The best thing to do if you see a message that doesn't belong on a list is to ignore it. There's always someone around whose job it is to sort these problems out privately. The posts to the lists go straight through, whatever their content. It is going to be confusing for a little while because we're all newbies so we all make mistakes. That's OK. One thing we're going to see a fair bit is people posting questions, believing they're doing the right thing by posting here as newbies, not realising how it works. If someone answers those questions the situation will snowball. There's nothing wrong with helping someone to redirect their question to freebsd-questions, but please do so gently. There's nothing wrong with the occasional mistake either. So all questions, requests for help, etc still go to freebsd-questions as usual. Ours is more of a discussion group, a place where newbies can relax with other newbies and focus more on our successes than on our temporary imperfection. We can talk about things here that are not allowed on freebsd-questions. We're also a bit freer to make the mistakes that we need to make in order to learn. _________________________________________________________________ To Subscribe to FreeBSD-Newbies: Send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "subscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message. Mail sent to freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org appears on the mailing list. _________________________________________________________________ To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message