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From: Allan Jude
Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 01:48:19 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51852 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/zfs
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Author: allanjude
Date: Sun Jun 17 01:48:19 2018
New Revision: 51852
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51852
Log:
ZFS Handbook: vfs.zfs.arc_max and arc_min are adjustable at runtime
This has been the case since FreeBSD 11
PR: 229035
Reported by: cperciva
Reviewed by: bcr, wblock (previous version)
Sponsored by: Klara Systems
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D9311
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/zfs/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/zfs/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/zfs/chapter.xml Sat Jun 16 20:31:19 2018 (r51851)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/zfs/chapter.xml Sun Jun 17 01:48:19 2018 (r51852)
@@ -3087,8 +3087,10 @@ dedup = 1.05, compress = 1.11, copies = 1.00, dedup *
or one half of RAM, whichever is more.
However, a lower value should be used if the system will
be running any other daemons or processes that may require
- memory. This value can only be adjusted at boot time, and
- is set in /boot/loader.conf.
+ memory. This value can be adjusted at runtime with
+ &man.sysctl.8; and can be set in
+ /boot/loader.conf or
+ /etc/sysctl.conf.
@@ -3103,8 +3105,10 @@ dedup = 1.05, compress = 1.11, copies = 1.00, dedup *
directories, or frequent metadata operations, at the cost
of less file data fitting in the ARC.
- This value can only be adjusted at boot time, and is set
- in /boot/loader.conf.
+ This value can be adjusted at runtime with &man.sysctl.8;
+ and can be set in
+ /boot/loader.conf or
+ /etc/sysctl.conf.
@@ -3117,8 +3121,10 @@ dedup = 1.05, compress = 1.11, copies = 1.00, dedup *
value to prevent other applications from pressuring out
the entire ARC.
- This value can only be adjusted at boot time, and is set
- in /boot/loader.conf.
+ This value can be adjusted at runtime with &man.sysctl.8;
+ and can be set in
+ /boot/loader.conf or
+ /etc/sysctl.conf.
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From: Eitan Adler
Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 03:01:55 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51853 - head/share/xml
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Author: eadler
Date: Sun Jun 17 03:01:55 2018
New Revision: 51853
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51853
Log:
freebsd.sch: fix tyop in error message
Modified:
head/share/xml/freebsd.sch
Modified: head/share/xml/freebsd.sch
==============================================================================
--- head/share/xml/freebsd.sch Sun Jun 17 01:48:19 2018 (r51852)
+++ head/share/xml/freebsd.sch Sun Jun 17 03:01:55 2018 (r51853)
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
- There must be a title either in the the doc component () or in the info element.
+ There must be a title either in the doc component () or in the info element.There must be exactly one title for a doc component ().
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From: Eitan Adler
Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 03:20:41 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51854 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/committers-guide
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Author: eadler
Date: Sun Jun 17 03:20:41 2018
New Revision: 51854
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51854
Log:
Committer guide: restore some information about svnsync
Even though we don't have currently have active seeds some people still
use the old ones. In addition we may restore creating new ones.
Update the text a bit to reflect that you can use the mirror. Move the
text together into one section, and keep the note about alternatives.
Requested by: kib
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/committers-guide/article.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/committers-guide/article.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/committers-guide/article.xml Sun Jun 17 03:01:55 2018 (r51853)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/committers-guide/article.xml Sun Jun 17 03:20:41 2018 (r51854)
@@ -580,35 +580,6 @@ You need a Passphrase to protect your secret key.
-
- Checkout from a Mirror
-
- Check out a working copy from a mirror by
- substituting the mirror's URL for
- svn+ssh://repo.freebsd.org/base. This
- can be an official mirror or a mirror maintained by using
- svnsync.
-
- There is a serious disadvantage to this method: every
- time something is to be committed, a
- svn relocate to the master repository has
- to be done, remembering to svn relocate
- back to the mirror after the commit. Also, since
- svn relocate only works between
- repositories that have the same UUID, some hacking of the
- local repository's UUID has to occur before it is possible
- to start using it.
-
- The hassle of a local svnsync mirror
- probably is not worth it unless the network connectivity
- situation or other factors demand it. Starting
- a fresh mirror from empty takes a long time.
- Expect a minimum of 10 hours with high speed connectivity.
- If international links are involved, expect this to take
- four to ten times longer. Another option is to use the
- git mirror.
-
-
RELENG_* Branches and General
Layout
@@ -1861,6 +1832,69 @@ U stable/9/share/man/man4/netmap.4
correct location. Instead of a couple of lines of text, the
repository journal grows an entire new copy of the file.
This is a waste.
+
+
+
+ Using a Subversion mirror
+
+ There is a serious disadvantage to this method: every
+ time something is to be committed, a
+ svn relocate to the master repository has
+ to be done, remembering to svn relocate
+ back to the mirror after the commit. Also, since
+ svn relocate only works between
+ repositories that have the same UUID, some hacking of the
+ local repository's UUID has to occur before it is possible
+ to start using it.
+
+
+ Checkout From a Mirror
+
+ Check out a working copy from a mirror by
+ substituting the mirror's URL for
+ svn+ssh://repo.freebsd.org/base. This
+ can be an official mirror or a mirror maintained by using
+ svnsync.
+
+
+
+ Setting up a svnsync
+ Mirror
+
+ Avoid setting up a svnsync
+ mirror unless there is a very good reason for it. Most
+ of the time a git mirror is a better
+ alternative. Starting a fresh mirror from scratch takes
+ a long time.
+ Expect a minimum of 10 hours for high speed connectivity.
+ If international links are involved, expect this to take
+ four to ten times longer.
+
+ One way to limit the time required is to grab a seed file.
+ It is large
+ (~1GB) but will consume less network traffic and take less
+ time to fetch than svnsync will.
+
+ Extract the file and update it:
+
+ &prompt.user; tar xf svnmirror-base-r261170.tar.xz
+&prompt.user; svnsync sync file:///home/svnmirror/base
+
+ Now, set that up to run from &man.cron.8;, do
+ checkouts locally, set up a svnserve server for local
+ machines to talk to, etc.
+
+ The seed mirror is set to fetch from
+ svn://svn.freebsd.org/base. The
+ configuration for the mirror is stored in
+ revprop 0 on the local mirror. To see
+ the configuration, try:
+
+ &prompt.user; svn proplist -v --revprop -r 0 file:///home/svnmirror/base
+
+ Use svn propset to change things.
+
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References: <201806162020.w5GKKZHC073700@repo.freebsd.org>
<20180616204306.GS2493@kib.kiev.ua>
<6a5e2113-4201-f9e9-4833-02f1ad4a7d28@freebsd.org>
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From: Eitan Adler
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2018 20:21:41 -0700
X-Gmail-Original-Message-ID:
Message-ID:
Subject: Re: svn commit: r51850 -
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/committers-guide
To: Glen Barber
Cc: Konstantin Belousov ,
Allan Jude ,
doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org, svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
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On 16 June 2018 at 14:17, Glen Barber wrote:
> On Jun 16, 2018, at 5:08 PM, Konstantin Belousov wrote:
>>
>>> On Sat, Jun 16, 2018 at 04:54:05PM -0400, Allan Jude wrote:
>>>> On 2018-06-16 16:43, Konstantin Belousov wrote:
>>>>> On Sat, Jun 16, 2018 at 08:20:35PM +0000, Eitan Adler wrote:
>>>>> Author: eadler
>>>>> Date: Sat Jun 16 20:20:34 2018
>>>>> New Revision: 51850
>>>>> URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51850
>>>>>
>>>>> Log:
>>>>> Committer guide: remove non-exististant seed reference
>>>> Seeds are very much available.
>>>> They are provided e.g. at
>>>> https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/development/subversion/
>>>>
Added some of the text back.
Sending article.xml
Transmitting file data .done
Committing transaction...
Committed revision 51854.
--
Eitan Adler
Source, Ports, Doc committer
Bugmeister, Ports Security teams
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From: Ryusuke SUZUKI
Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 05:16:32 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51855 - head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml
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Author: ryusuke
Date: Sun Jun 17 05:16:31 2018
New Revision: 51855
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51855
Log:
- Merge the following from the English version:
r51811 -> r51846 head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml/news.xml
Modified:
head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml/news.xml
Modified: head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml/news.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml/news.xml Sun Jun 17 03:20:41 2018 (r51854)
+++ head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml/news.xml Sun Jun 17 05:16:31 2018 (r51855)
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
would like to work on. ***
$FreeBSD$
- Original revision: r51811
+ Original revision: r51846
-->
@@ -35,6 +35,23 @@
6
+
+
+ 16
+
+
+ &os; 11.2-RC3 公開
+
+
+
+ 9
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From: Ryusuke SUZUKI
Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 05:23:48 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
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Subject: svn commit: r51856 - head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml
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Author: ryusuke
Date: Sun Jun 17 05:23:48 2018
New Revision: 51856
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51856
Log:
- Merge the following from the English version:
r51667 -> r51848 head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml/release.l10n.ent
Modified:
head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml/release.l10n.ent
Modified: head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml/release.l10n.ent
==============================================================================
--- head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml/release.l10n.ent Sun Jun 17 05:16:31 2018 (r51855)
+++ head/ja_JP.eucJP/share/xml/release.l10n.ent Sun Jun 17 05:23:48 2018 (r51856)
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 10:44:22 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
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Subject: svn commit: r51859 - head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml
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Author: dbaio (ports committer)
Date: Sun Jun 17 10:44:22 2018
New Revision: 51859
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51859
Log:
Merge the following from the English version:
r51827 -> r51840 pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml/header.l10n.ent
Approved by: doc (bcr, eadler)
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D15849
Modified:
head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml/header.l10n.ent
Modified: head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml/header.l10n.ent
==============================================================================
--- head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml/header.l10n.ent Sun Jun 17 05:52:25 2018 (r51858)
+++ head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml/header.l10n.ent Sun Jun 17 10:44:22 2018 (r51859)
@@ -160,8 +160,8 @@ j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';
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To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51860 - head/share/pgpkeys
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Author: netchild (src,ports committer)
Date: Sun Jun 17 13:15:12 2018
New Revision: 51860
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51860
Log:
Explicitly set LANG=C for calls to GPG to have english text in the generated files.
Modified:
head/share/pgpkeys/addkey.sh
Modified: head/share/pgpkeys/addkey.sh
==============================================================================
--- head/share/pgpkeys/addkey.sh Sun Jun 17 10:44:22 2018 (r51859)
+++ head/share/pgpkeys/addkey.sh Sun Jun 17 13:15:12 2018 (r51860)
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ if [ -z "${gpg}" -o ! -x "${gpg}" ] ; then
error "gpg does not seem to be installed"
fi
gpg() {
- "${gpg}" \
+ LANG=C "${gpg}" \
--display-charset utf-8 \
--no-greeting \
--no-secmem-warning \
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Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 13:15:49 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51861 - head/share/pgpkeys
X-SVN-Group: doc-head
X-SVN-Commit-Author: netchild
X-SVN-Commit-Paths: head/share/pgpkeys
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Author: netchild (src,ports committer)
Date: Sun Jun 17 13:15:49 2018
New Revision: 51861
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51861
Log:
Extend expiration date and use english locale to generate the file.
Modified:
head/share/pgpkeys/netchild.key
Modified: head/share/pgpkeys/netchild.key
==============================================================================
--- head/share/pgpkeys/netchild.key Sun Jun 17 13:15:12 2018 (r51860)
+++ head/share/pgpkeys/netchild.key Sun Jun 17 13:15:49 2018 (r51861)
@@ -3,17 +3,17 @@
sh addkey.sh netchild 8F31830F9F2772BF ;
-->
uid Alexander Leidinger
uid [jpeg image of size 9696]
-sub 4096R/37E5327D7F064691 2016-08-16 [verf辰llt: 2018-08-16]
- Schl.-Fingerabdruck = 9840 A305 9FE2 D394 17C8 4C8F 37E5 327D 7F06 4691
-sub 4096R/AAF1421A85208084 2016-08-16 [verf辰llt: 2018-08-16]
- Schl.-Fingerabdruck = 860B E268 4532 9041 CAA3 B714 AAF1 421A 8520 8084
-sub 4096R/0439FFA68121245E 2016-08-16 [verf辰llt: 2018-08-16]
- Schl.-Fingerabdruck = 3051 70BC C4DA 3A35 A341 BF95 0439 FFA6 8121 245E
+sub 4096R/37E5327D7F064691 2016-08-16 [expires: 2018-08-16]
+ Key fingerprint = 9840 A305 9FE2 D394 17C8 4C8F 37E5 327D 7F06 4691
+sub 4096R/AAF1421A85208084 2016-08-16 [expires: 2018-08-16]
+ Key fingerprint = 860B E268 4532 9041 CAA3 B714 AAF1 421A 8520 8084
+sub 4096R/0439FFA68121245E 2016-08-16 [expires: 2018-08-16]
+ Key fingerprint = 3051 70BC C4DA 3A35 A341 BF95 0439 FFA6 8121 245E
]]>
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From: Benedict Reuschling
Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 16:40:13 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51862 -
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/freebsd-update-server
X-SVN-Group: doc-head
X-SVN-Commit-Author: bcr
X-SVN-Commit-Paths: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/freebsd-update-server
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Author: bcr
Date: Sun Jun 17 16:40:13 2018
New Revision: 51862
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51862
Log:
Wrap two overly long lines. No content changes.
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/freebsd-update-server/article.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/freebsd-update-server/article.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/freebsd-update-server/article.xml Sun Jun 17 13:15:49 2018 (r51861)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/freebsd-update-server/article.xml Sun Jun 17 16:40:13 2018 (r51862)
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
FreeBSD Update Server">
+"-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V5.0-Based Extension//EN"
+"http://www.FreeBSD.org/XML/share/xml/freebsd50.dtd" [ FreeBSD
+ Update Server">
]>
Download the
freebsd-update-server software by installing
- devel/subversion and security/ca_root_nss, and execute:
+ devel/subversion and
+ security/ca_root_nss, and execute:
&prompt.user; svn co https://svn.freebsd.org/base/user/cperciva/freebsd-update-build freebsd-update-server
From owner-svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Sun Jun 17 16:54:57 2018
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Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 16:54:56 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
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Subject: svn commit: r51863 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction
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Author: trasz (src,ports committer)
Date: Sun Jun 17 16:54:56 2018
New Revision: 51863
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51863
Log:
Fix claims on binary compatibility - it's just Linux nowadays; nobody cares
about SCO or BSD/OS anyway.
Reviewed by: eadler@
Approved by: eadler@
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D15863
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Sun Jun 17 16:40:13 2018 (r51862)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Sun Jun 17 16:54:56 2018 (r51863)
@@ -140,25 +140,8 @@
binary compatibilityLinux
-
- binary compatibility
- SCO
-
-
- binary compatibility
- SVR4
-
-
- binary compatibility
- BSD/OS
-
-
- binary compatibility
- NetBSD
- Binary compatibility with many
- programs built for Linux, SCO, SVR4, BSDI and
- NetBSD.
+ programs built for Linux.
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From: Benedict Reuschling
Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 16:57:57 +0000 (UTC)
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Subject: svn commit: r51864 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd
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Author: bcr
Date: Sun Jun 17 16:57:57 2018
New Revision: 51864
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51864
Log:
Style cleanup:
- wrap long lines
- put two spaces after a sentence stop
- put and on lines on their own
- in one instance, put the text right next to the tag and not below it
I did not change the capitalizations in this file, so the file should not have
any visible changes.
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/article.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/article.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/article.xml Sun Jun 17 16:54:56 2018 (r51863)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/article.xml Sun Jun 17 16:57:57 2018 (r51864)
@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/XML/share/xml/freebsd50.dtd">
-
- Explaining BSD
-
+
+
+ Explaining BSDGregLeheygrog@FreeBSD.org
@@ -29,42 +31,43 @@
$FreeBSD$
- In the open source world, the word Linux is almost
- synonymous with Operating System, but it is not the only
- open source &unix; operating system.
+ In the open source world, the word Linux is
+ almost synonymous with Operating System, but it
+ is not the only open source &unix; operating system.
- So what is the secret? Why is BSD not better known? This white
- paper addresses these and other questions.
+ So what is the secret? Why is BSD not better known? This
+ white paper addresses these and other questions.
- Throughout this paper, differences between BSD and Linux will be
- noted like this.
+ Throughout this paper, differences between BSD and Linux
+ will be noted like this.What is BSD?
- BSD stands for Berkeley Software Distribution. It is
- the name of distributions of source code from the University of
- California, Berkeley, which were originally extensions to AT&T's
- Research &unix; operating system. Several open source operating system
- projects are based on a release of this source code known as
- 4.4BSD-Lite. In addition, they comprise a number of packages from other
- Open Source projects, including notably the GNU project. The overall
+ BSD stands for Berkeley Software
+ Distribution. It is the name of distributions of
+ source code from the University of California, Berkeley, which
+ were originally extensions to AT&T's Research &unix;
+ operating system. Several open source operating system projects
+ are based on a release of this source code known as 4.4BSD-Lite.
+ In addition, they comprise a number of packages from other Open
+ Source projects, including notably the GNU project. The overall
operating system comprises:The BSD kernel, which handles process scheduling, memory
- management, symmetric multi-processing (SMP), device drivers,
- etc.
+ management, symmetric multi-processing (SMP), device
+ drivers, etc.The C library, the base API for the system.
- The BSD C library is based on code from Berkeley, not
- the GNU project.
+ The BSD C library is based on code from
+ Berkeley, not the GNU project.
@@ -76,16 +79,17 @@
- The X Window system, which handles graphical display.
+ The X Window system, which handles graphical
+ display.
- The X Window system used in most versions of BSD is maintained
- by the
- X.Org project.
- &os; allows the user to choose from a variety of desktop
- environments, such as Gnome,
- KDE, or Xfce;
- and lightweight window managers like
- Openbox,
+ The X Window system used in most versions of BSD is
+ maintained by the X.Org
+ project. &os; allows the user to choose from a
+ variety of desktop environments, such as
+ Gnome,
+ KDE, or
+ Xfce; and lightweight window
+ managers like Openbox,
Fluxbox, or
Awesome.
@@ -100,71 +104,77 @@
What, a real &unix;?The BSD operating systems are not clones, but open source
- derivatives of AT&T's Research &unix; operating system, which is also
- the ancestor of the modern &unix; System V. This may surprise you. How
- could that happen when AT&T has never released its code as open
- source?
+ derivatives of AT&T's Research &unix; operating system,
+ which is also the ancestor of the modern &unix; System V. This
+ may surprise you. How could that happen when AT&T has never
+ released its code as open source?
- It is true that AT&T &unix; is not open source, and in a copyright
- sense BSD is very definitely not &unix;, but on the
- other hand, AT&T has imported sources from other projects,
- noticeably the Computer Sciences Research Group (CSRG) of the University of
- California in Berkeley, CA. Starting in 1976, the CSRG started
- releasing tapes of their software, calling them Berkeley
- Software Distribution or BSD.
+ It is true that AT&T &unix; is not open source, and in a
+ copyright sense BSD is very definitely not
+ &unix;, but on the other hand, AT&T has imported sources
+ from other projects, noticeably the Computer Sciences Research
+ Group (CSRG) of the University of California in Berkeley, CA.
+ Starting in 1976, the CSRG started releasing tapes of their
+ software, calling them Berkeley Software
+ Distribution or BSD.
- Initial BSD releases consisted mainly of user programs, but that
- changed dramatically when the CSRG landed a contract with the Defense
- Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to upgrade the communications
- protocols on their network, ARPANET. The new protocols were known as
- the Internet Protocols, later
- TCP/IP after the most important protocols. The
- first widely distributed implementation was part of 4.2BSD, in
- 1982.
+ Initial BSD releases consisted mainly of user programs, but
+ that changed dramatically when the CSRG landed a contract with
+ the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to upgrade
+ the communications protocols on their network, ARPANET. The new
+ protocols were known as the Internet
+ Protocols, later TCP/IP after
+ the most important protocols. The first widely distributed
+ implementation was part of 4.2BSD, in 1982.
- In the course of the 1980s, a number of new workstation companies
- sprang up. Many preferred to license &unix; rather than developing
- operating systems for themselves. In particular, Sun Microsystems
- licensed &unix; and implemented a version of 4.2BSD, which they called
- &sunos;. When AT&T themselves were allowed to sell &unix; commercially,
- they started with a somewhat bare-bones implementation called System
- III, to be quickly followed by System V. The System V code base did not
- include networking, so all implementations included additional software
- from the BSD, including the TCP/IP software, but also utilities such as
- the csh shell and the vi
- editor. Collectively, these enhancements were known as the
- Berkeley Extensions.
+ In the course of the 1980s, a number of new workstation
+ companies sprang up. Many preferred to license &unix; rather
+ than developing operating systems for themselves. In
+ particular, Sun Microsystems licensed &unix; and implemented a
+ version of 4.2BSD, which they called &sunos;. When AT&T
+ themselves were allowed to sell &unix; commercially, they
+ started with a somewhat bare-bones implementation called System
+ III, to be quickly followed by System V. The System V code base
+ did not include networking, so all implementations included
+ additional software from the BSD, including the TCP/IP software,
+ but also utilities such as the csh shell
+ and the vi editor. Collectively, these
+ enhancements were known as the Berkeley
+ Extensions.
- The BSD tapes contained AT&T source code and thus required a
- &unix; source license. By 1990, the CSRG's funding was running out, and
- it faced closure. Some members of the group decided to release the BSD
- code, which was Open Source, without the AT&T proprietary code.
- This finally happened with the Networking Tape 2,
- usually known as Net/2. Net/2 was not a complete
- operating system: about 20% of the kernel code was missing. One of the
- CSRG members, William F. Jolitz, wrote the remaining code and released
- it in early 1992 as 386BSD. At the same time,
- another group of ex-CSRG members formed a commercial company called
- Berkeley Software Design Inc.
- and released a beta version of an operating system called
- BSD/386, which was based on
- the same sources. The name of the operating system was later changed
- to BSD/OS.
+ The BSD tapes contained AT&T source code and thus
+ required a &unix; source license. By 1990, the CSRG's funding
+ was running out, and it faced closure. Some members of the
+ group decided to release the BSD code, which was Open Source,
+ without the AT&T proprietary code. This finally happened
+ with the Networking Tape 2, usually known
+ as Net/2. Net/2 was not a complete
+ operating system: about 20% of the kernel code was missing. One
+ of the CSRG members, William F. Jolitz, wrote the remaining code
+ and released it in early 1992 as 386BSD.
+ At the same time, another group of ex-CSRG members formed a
+ commercial company called Berkeley Software Design
+ Inc. and released a beta version of an operating system
+ called BSD/386,
+ which was based on the same sources. The name of the operating
+ system was later changed to BSD/OS.
- 386BSD never became a stable operating system. Instead, two other
- projects split off from it in 1993:
- NetBSD and
- FreeBSD. The two projects
- originally diverged due to differences in patience waiting for
- improvements to 386BSD: the NetBSD people started early in the year,
- and the first version of FreeBSD was not ready until the end of the
- year. In the meantime, the code base had diverged sufficiently to
- make it difficult to merge. In addition, the projects had different
- aims, as we will see below. In 1996,
- OpenBSD split off from
- NetBSD, and in 2003,
- DragonFlyBSD split
- off from FreeBSD.
+ 386BSD never became a stable operating system. Instead, two
+ other projects split off from it in 1993: NetBSD and FreeBSD. The two
+ projects originally diverged due to differences in patience
+ waiting for improvements to 386BSD: the NetBSD people started
+ early in the year, and the first version of FreeBSD was not
+ ready until the end of the year. In the meantime, the code base
+ had diverged sufficiently to make it difficult to merge. In
+ addition, the projects had different aims, as we will see below.
+ In 1996, OpenBSD split off
+ from NetBSD, and in 2003, DragonFlyBSD
+ split off from FreeBSD.
@@ -174,39 +184,41 @@
- The BSD developers are often more interested in polishing their
- code than marketing it.
+ The BSD developers are often more interested in
+ polishing their code than marketing it.
- Much of Linux's popularity is due to factors external to the
- Linux projects, such as the press, and to companies formed to
- provide Linux services. Until recently, the open source BSDs had no
- such proponents.
+ Much of Linux's popularity is due to factors external to
+ the Linux projects, such as the press, and to companies
+ formed to provide Linux services. Until recently, the open
+ source BSDs had no such proponents.BSD developers tend to be more experienced than Linux
- developers, and have less interest in making the system easy to use.
- Newcomers tend to feel more comfortable with Linux.
+ developers, and have less interest in making the system easy
+ to use. Newcomers tend to feel more comfortable with
+ Linux.
- In 1992, AT&T sued
- BSDI,
- the vendor of BSD/386, alleging that the product contained
- AT&T-copyrighted code. The case was settled out of court in
- 1994, but the spectre of the litigation continues to haunt people.
- In March 2000 an article published on the web claimed
- that the court case had been recently settled.
+ In 1992, AT&T sued BSDI, the vendor
+ of BSD/386, alleging that the product contained
+ AT&T-copyrighted code. The case was settled out of
+ court in 1994, but the spectre of the litigation continues
+ to haunt people. In March 2000 an article published on the
+ web claimed that the court case had been recently
+ settled.
- One detail that the lawsuit did clarify is the naming: in the
- 1980s, BSD was known as BSD &unix;. With the
- elimination of the last vestige of AT&T code from BSD, it
- also lost the right to the name &unix;. Thus you will see
- references in book titles to the 4.3BSD &unix; operating
- system and the 4.4BSD operating
- system.
+ One detail that the lawsuit did clarify is the naming:
+ in the 1980s, BSD was known as BSD &unix;.
+ With the elimination of the last vestige of AT&T code
+ from BSD, it also lost the right to the name &unix;. Thus
+ you will see references in book titles to the 4.3BSD
+ &unix; operating system and the 4.4BSD
+ operating system.
@@ -214,113 +226,123 @@
Comparing BSD and Linux
- So what is really the difference between, say, Debian Linux and
- FreeBSD? For the average user, the difference is surprisingly small:
- Both are &unix; like operating systems. Both are developed by
- non-commercial projects (this does not apply to many other Linux
- distributions, of course). In the following section, we will look at BSD
- and compare it to Linux. The description applies most closely to
- FreeBSD, which accounts for an estimated 80% of the BSD installations,
- but the differences from NetBSD, OpenBSD and DragonFlyBSD are small.
-
+ So what is really the difference between, say, Debian Linux
+ and FreeBSD? For the average user, the difference is
+ surprisingly small: Both are &unix; like operating systems.
+ Both are developed by non-commercial projects (this does not
+ apply to many other Linux distributions, of course). In the
+ following section, we will look at BSD and compare it to Linux.
+ The description applies most closely to FreeBSD, which accounts
+ for an estimated 80% of the BSD installations, but the
+ differences from NetBSD, OpenBSD and DragonFlyBSD are
+ small.Who owns BSD?No one person or corporation owns BSD. It is created and
distributed by a community of highly technical and committed
- contributors all over the world. Some of the components of BSD are
- Open Source projects in their own right and managed by different
- project maintainers.
+ contributors all over the world. Some of the components of
+ BSD are Open Source projects in their own right and managed by
+ different project maintainers.
How is BSD developed and updated?
- The BSD kernels are developed and updated following the Open
- Source development model. Each project maintains a publicly
- accessible source tree
- which contains all source files for the
- project, including documentation and other incidental files.
- Users can obtain a complete copy of any version.
+ The BSD kernels are developed and updated following the
+ Open Source development model. Each project maintains a
+ publicly accessible source tree which
+ contains all source files for the project, including
+ documentation and other incidental files. Users can obtain a
+ complete copy of any version.
- A large number of developers worldwide contribute to improvements
- to BSD. They are divided into three kinds:
+ A large number of developers worldwide contribute to
+ improvements to BSD. They are divided into three
+ kinds:
- Contributors write code or documentation.
- They are not permitted to commit (add code) directly to the source
- tree. In order for their code to be included in the system, it
- must be reviewed and checked in by a registered developer, known
- as a committer.
+ Contributors write code or
+ documentation. They are not permitted to commit (add
+ code) directly to the source tree. In order for their
+ code to be included in the system, it must be reviewed and
+ checked in by a registered developer, known as a
+ committer.
- Committers are developers with write
- access to the source tree. In order to become a committer, an
- individual must show ability in the area in which they are
- active.
+ Committers are developers with
+ write access to the source tree. In order to become a
+ committer, an individual must show ability in the area in
+ which they are active.
-
- It is at the individual committer's discretion whether they should
- obtain authority before committing changes to the source tree. In
- general, an experienced committer may make changes which are
- obviously correct without obtaining consensus. For example, a
- documentation project committer may correct typographical or
- grammatical errors without review. On the other hand, developers
- making far-reaching or complicated changes are expected to submit
- their changes for review before committing them. In extreme
- cases, a core team member with a function such as Principal
- Architect may order that changes be removed from the tree, a
- process known as backing out. All committers
- receive mail describing each individual commit, so it is not
- possible to commit secretly.
+ It is at the individual committer's discretion whether
+ they should obtain authority before committing changes to
+ the source tree. In general, an experienced committer may
+ make changes which are obviously correct without obtaining
+ consensus. For example, a documentation project committer
+ may correct typographical or grammatical errors without
+ review. On the other hand, developers making far-reaching
+ or complicated changes are expected to submit their
+ changes for review before committing them. In extreme
+ cases, a core team member with a function such as
+ Principal Architect may order that changes be removed from
+ the tree, a process known as backing
+ out. All committers receive mail describing
+ each individual commit, so it is not possible to commit
+ secretly.The Core team. FreeBSD and
- NetBSD each have a core team which manages the project. The
- core teams developed in the course of the projects, and their role
- is not always well-defined. It is not necessary to be a developer
- in order to be a core team member, though it is normal. The rules
- for the core team vary from one project to the other, but in
- general they have more say in the direction of the project than
+ NetBSD each have a core team which manages the project.
+ The core teams developed in the course of the projects,
+ and their role is not always well-defined. It is not
+ necessary to be a developer in order to be a core team
+ member, though it is normal. The rules for the core team
+ vary from one project to the other, but in general they
+ have more say in the direction of the project than
non-core team members have.
- This arrangement differs from Linux in a number of ways:
+ This arrangement differs from Linux in a number of
+ ways:No one person controls the content of the system. In
- practice, this difference is overrated, since the Principal Architect
- can require that code be backed out, and even in the Linux project
- several people are permitted to make changes.
+ practice, this difference is overrated, since the
+ Principal Architect can require that code be backed out,
+ and even in the Linux project several people are permitted
+ to make changes.
- On the other hand, there is a central
- repository, a single place where you can find the entire operating
- system sources, including all older versions.
+ On the other hand, there is a
+ central repository, a single place where you can find the
+ entire operating system sources, including all older
+ versions.BSD projects maintain the entire Operating
- System, not only the kernel. This distinction is only
- marginally useful: neither BSD nor Linux is useful without
- applications. The applications used under BSD are frequently the
- same as the applications used under Linux.
+ System, not only the kernel. This distinction
+ is only marginally useful: neither BSD nor Linux is useful
+ without applications. The applications used under BSD are
+ frequently the same as the applications used under
+ Linux.
- As a result of the formalized maintenance of a single SVN
- source tree, BSD development is clear, and it is possible to
- access any version of the system by release number or by date.
- SVN also allows incremental updates to the system: for example,
- the FreeBSD repository is updated about 100 times a day. Most of
- these changes are small.
+ As a result of the formalized maintenance of a single
+ SVN source tree, BSD development is clear, and it is
+ possible to access any version of the system by release
+ number or by date. SVN also allows incremental updates to
+ the system: for example, the FreeBSD repository is updated
+ about 100 times a day. Most of these changes are
+ small.
@@ -328,105 +350,115 @@
BSD releases
- FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD provide the system in three different
- releases. As with Linux, releases are assigned a
- number such as 1.4.1 or 3.5. In addition, the version number has a
- suffix indicating its purpose:
+ FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD provide the system in three
+ different releases. As with Linux, releases
+ are assigned a number such as 1.4.1 or 3.5. In addition, the
+ version number has a suffix indicating its purpose:The development version of the system is called
- CURRENT. FreeBSD assigns a number to
- CURRENT, for example FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT. NetBSD uses a slightly
- different naming scheme and appends a single-letter suffix which
- indicates changes in the internal interfaces, for example NetBSD
- 1.4.3G. OpenBSD does not assign a number (OpenBSD-current).
- All new development on the system goes into this branch.
+ CURRENT. FreeBSD assigns a number
+ to CURRENT, for example FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT. NetBSD uses
+ a slightly different naming scheme and appends a
+ single-letter suffix which indicates changes in the
+ internal interfaces, for example NetBSD 1.4.3G. OpenBSD
+ does not assign a number (OpenBSD-current).
+ All new development on the system goes into this
+ branch.
- At regular intervals, between two and four times a year, the
- projects bring out a RELEASE version of the
- system, which is available on CD-ROM and for free download from
- FTP sites, for example OpenBSD 2.6-RELEASE or NetBSD 1.4-RELEASE.
- The RELEASE version is intended for end users and is the normal
- version of the system. NetBSD also provides patch
- releases with a third digit, for example NetBSD
- 1.4.2.
+ At regular intervals, between two and four times a
+ year, the projects bring out a
+ RELEASE version of the system,
+ which is available on CD-ROM and for free download from
+ FTP sites, for example OpenBSD 2.6-RELEASE or NetBSD
+ 1.4-RELEASE. The RELEASE version is intended for end
+ users and is the normal version of the system. NetBSD
+ also provides patch releases with a
+ third digit, for example NetBSD 1.4.2.
- As bugs are found in a RELEASE version, they are fixed, and
- the fixes are added to the SVN tree. In FreeBSD, the resultant
- version is called the STABLE version, while in NetBSD and OpenBSD
- it continues to be called the RELEASE version. Smaller new
- features can also be added to this branch after a period of test
- in the CURRENT branch. Security and other important bug fixes
- are also applied to all supported RELEASE versions.
+ As bugs are found in a RELEASE version, they are
+ fixed, and the fixes are added to the SVN tree. In
+ FreeBSD, the resultant version is called the
+ STABLE version, while in NetBSD and
+ OpenBSD it continues to be called the RELEASE version.
+ Smaller new features can also be added to this branch
+ after a period of test in the CURRENT branch. Security
+ and other important bug fixes are also applied to all
+ supported RELEASE versions.
- By contrast, Linux maintains two separate code trees:
- the stable version and the development version. Stable versions
- have an even minor version number, such as 2.0, 2.2 or 2.4.
- Development versions have an odd minor version number, such as 2.1,
- 2.3 or 2.5. In each case, the number is followed by a further
- number designating the exact release. In addition, each vendor adds
- their own userland programs and utilities, so the name of the
- distribution is also important. Each distribution vendor also
- assigns version numbers to the distribution, so a complete
- description might be something like TurboLinux 6.0 with kernel
- 2.2.14
+ By contrast, Linux maintains two separate code
+ trees: the stable version and the development version.
+ Stable versions have an even minor version number, such as
+ 2.0, 2.2 or 2.4. Development versions have an odd minor
+ version number, such as 2.1, 2.3 or 2.5. In each case, the
+ number is followed by a further number designating the exact
+ release. In addition, each vendor adds their own userland
+ programs and utilities, so the name of the distribution is
+ also important. Each distribution vendor also assigns
+ version numbers to the distribution, so a complete
+ description might be something like TurboLinux 6.0
+ with kernel 2.2.14What versions of BSD are available?
- In contrast to the numerous Linux distributions, there are only
- four major open source BSDs. Each BSD project maintains its own source
- tree and its own kernel. In practice, though, there appear to be
- fewer divergences between the userland code of the projects than there
- is in Linux.
+ In contrast to the numerous Linux distributions, there are
+ only four major open source BSDs. Each BSD project maintains
+ its own source tree and its own kernel. In practice, though,
+ there appear to be fewer divergences between the userland code
+ of the projects than there is in Linux.
- It is difficult to categorize the goals of each project: the
- differences are very subjective. Basically,
+ It is difficult to categorize the goals of each project:
+ the differences are very subjective. Basically,
- &os; aims for high performance and ease of use by
- end users, and is a favourite of web content providers. It runs
- on a number of platforms
- and has significantly more users than the other projects.
+ &os; aims for high performance and ease of use by end
+ users, and is a favourite of web content providers. It
+ runs on a number
+ of platforms and has significantly more users
+ than the other projects.
- NetBSD aims for maximum portability: of course it runs
- NetBSD. It runs on machines from palmtops to large
- servers, and has even been used on NASA space missions. It is a
- particularly good choice for running on old non-&intel;
- hardware.
+ NetBSD aims for maximum portability: of course
+ it runs NetBSD. It runs on machines from
+ palmtops to large servers, and has even been used on NASA
+ space missions. It is a particularly good choice for
+ running on old non-&intel; hardware.OpenBSD aims for security and code purity: it uses a
- combination of the open source concept and rigorous code reviews
- to create a system which is demonstrably correct, making it the
- choice of security-conscious organizations such as banks, stock
- exchanges and US Government departments. Like NetBSD, it runs on
- a number of platforms.
+ combination of the open source concept and rigorous code
+ reviews to create a system which is demonstrably correct,
+ making it the choice of security-conscious organizations
+ such as banks, stock exchanges and US Government
+ departments. Like NetBSD, it runs on a number of
+ platforms.
- DragonFlyBSD aims for high performance and scalability under
- everything from a single-node UP system to a massively clustered system.
- DragonFlyBSD has several long-range technical goals, but focus lies on
- providing a SMP-capable infrastructure that is easy to understand,
+ DragonFlyBSD aims for high performance and scalability
+ under everything from a single-node UP system to a
+ massively clustered system. DragonFlyBSD has several
+ long-range technical goals, but focus lies on providing a
+ SMP-capable infrastructure that is easy to understand,
maintain and develop for.
- There are also two additional BSD &unix; operating systems which are not
- open source, BSD/OS and Apple's &macos; X:
+ There are also two additional BSD &unix; operating systems
+ which are not open source, BSD/OS and Apple's &macos;
+ X:
@@ -435,23 +467,24 @@
available at relatively low cost. It resembled FreeBSD in
many ways. Two years after the acquisition of BSDi by
Wind River Systems, BSD/OS failed to survive as an
- independent product. Support and source code may still
- be available from Wind River, but all new development is
+ independent product. Support and source code may still be
+ available from Wind River, but all new development is
focused on the VxWorks embedded operating system.
- &macos;
- X is the latest version of the operating system for
- &apple;'s
- &mac; line. The BSD core of this operating
- system, Darwin,
- is available as a fully functional open source operating
- system for x86 and PPC computers. The Aqua/Quartz
- graphics system and many other proprietary aspects of
- &macos; X remain closed-source, however. Several Darwin
- developers are also FreeBSD committers, and
- vice-versa.
+ &macos;
+ X is the latest version of the operating system
+ for &apple;'s &mac; line. The BSD core of this operating
+ system, Darwin,
+ is available as a fully functional open source operating
+ system for x86 and PPC computers. The Aqua/Quartz
+ graphics system and many other proprietary aspects of
+ &macos; X remain closed-source, however. Several Darwin
+ developers are also FreeBSD committers, and
+ vice-versa.
@@ -460,58 +493,63 @@
How does the BSD license differ from the GNU Public
license?
- Linux is available under the
- GNU General Public
- License (GPL), which is designed to eliminate closed
- source software. In particular, any derivative work of a product
- released under the GPL must also be supplied with source code if
- requested. By contrast, the
- BSD
- license is less restrictive: binary-only distributions are
- allowed. This is particularly attractive for embedded
- applications.
+ Linux is available under the GNU
+ General Public License (GPL), which is designed to
+ eliminate closed source software. In particular, any
+ derivative work of a product released under the GPL must also
+ be supplied with source code if requested. By contrast, the
+ BSD
+ license is less restrictive: binary-only
+ distributions are allowed. This is particularly attractive
+ for embedded applications.What else should I know?
- Since fewer applications are available for BSD than Linux, the BSD
- developers created a Linux compatibility package, which allows Linux
- programs to run under BSD. The package includes both kernel
- modifications, in order to correctly perform Linux system calls, and
- Linux compatibility files such as the C library. There is no
- noticeable difference in execution speed between a Linux application
- running on a Linux machine and a Linux application running on a BSD
- machine of the same speed.
+ Since fewer applications are available for BSD than Linux,
+ the BSD developers created a Linux compatibility package,
+ which allows Linux programs to run under BSD. The package
+ includes both kernel modifications, in order to correctly
+ perform Linux system calls, and Linux compatibility files such
+ as the C library. There is no noticeable difference in
+ execution speed between a Linux application running on a Linux
+ machine and a Linux application running on a BSD machine of
+ the same speed.
- The all from one supplier nature of BSD means that
- upgrades are much easier to handle than is frequently the case with
- Linux. BSD handles library version upgrades by providing
- compatibility modules for earlier library versions, so it is possible
- to run binaries which are several years old with no problems.
+ The all from one supplier nature of BSD
+ means that upgrades are much easier to handle than is
+ frequently the case with Linux. BSD handles library version
+ upgrades by providing compatibility modules for earlier
+ library versions, so it is possible to run binaries which are
+ several years old with no problems.Which should I use, BSD or Linux?
- What does this all mean in practice? Who should use BSD, who
- should use Linux?
+ What does this all mean in practice? Who should use BSD,
+ who should use Linux?
- This is a very difficult question to answer. Here are some
- guidelines:
+ This is a very difficult question to answer. Here are
+ some guidelines:
- If it ain't broke, don't fix it: If you already
- use an open source operating system, and you are happy with it,
- there is probably no good reason to change.
+ If it ain't broke, don't fix it: If you
+ already use an open source operating system, and you are
+ happy with it, there is probably no good reason to
+ change.
- BSD systems, in particular FreeBSD, can have notably higher
- performance than Linux. But this is not across the board. In many
- cases, there is little or no difference in performance. In some
- cases, Linux may perform better than FreeBSD.
+ BSD systems, in particular FreeBSD, can have notably
+ higher performance than Linux. But this is not across the
+ board. In many cases, there is little or no difference in
+ performance. In some cases, Linux may perform better than
+ FreeBSD.
@@ -521,38 +559,43 @@
- BSD projects have a better reputation for the quality and
- completeness of their documentation. The various documentation
- projects aim to provide actively updated documentation, in many
- languages, and covering all aspects of the system.
+ BSD projects have a better reputation for the quality
+ and completeness of their documentation. The various
+ documentation projects aim to provide actively updated
+ documentation, in many languages, and covering all aspects
+ of the system.
- The BSD license may be more attractive than the GPL.
-
+ The BSD license may be more attractive than the
+ GPL.
- BSD can execute most Linux binaries, while Linux can not execute BSD
- binaries. Many BSD implementations can also execute binaries
- from other &unix; like systems. As a result, BSD may present an
- easier migration route from other systems than
- Linux would.
+ BSD can execute most Linux binaries, while Linux can
+ not execute BSD binaries. Many BSD implementations can
+ also execute binaries from other &unix; like systems. As
+ a result, BSD may present an easier migration route from
+ other systems than Linux would.
- Who provides support, service, and training for BSD?
+ Who provides support, service, and training for
+ BSD?
- BSDi / FreeBSD
- Mall, Inc. have been providing support contracts for
+ BSDi / FreeBSD Mall,
+ Inc. have been providing support contracts for
FreeBSD for nearly a decade.
- In addition, each of the projects has a list of consultants for
- hire:
- FreeBSD,
- NetBSD,
- and OpenBSD.
+ In addition, each of the projects has a list of
+ consultants for hire: FreeBSD,
+ NetBSD,
+ and OpenBSD.
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To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
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Subject: svn commit: r51865 -
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/versions
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Author: linimon
Date: Mon Jun 18 00:40:20 2018
New Revision: 51865
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51865
Log:
Document OSVERSION 1200068.
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/versions/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/versions/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/versions/chapter.xml Sun Jun 17 16:57:57 2018 (r51864)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/versions/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 00:40:20 2018 (r51865)
@@ -665,6 +665,14 @@ is spelled &, < is < and > is >.
+ 1200068
+ r334930
+ June 12, 2018
+ 12.0-CURRENT after changing the interface between
+ the NFS modules.
+
+
+ 1200069r335237June 15, 2018
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From: Guangyuan Yang
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2018 06:41:36 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51866 - head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml
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Author: ygy
Date: Mon Jun 18 06:41:36 2018
New Revision: 51866
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51866
Log:
Start syncing news from the English version from 2018.
MFen: 1.110 -> r51846
Reviewed by: loader (mentor)
Approved by: loader (mentor)
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D15845
Modified:
head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml/news.xml
Modified: head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml/news.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml/news.xml Mon Jun 18 00:40:20 2018 (r51865)
+++ head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml/news.xml Mon Jun 18 06:41:36 2018 (r51866)
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
the contents of will be preferred over
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Subject: svn commit: r51867 - in head/en_US.ISO8859-1: books/faq htdocs/ipv6
htdocs/search
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Author: eadler
Date: Mon Jun 18 07:33:36 2018
New Revision: 51867
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51867
Log:
faq+www: replace IPv6 only page with an FAQ
The references wiki pages no longer exist. In addition having a
standalone web page for IPv6 isn't useful anymore. Analytics shows less
than one hit per month.
Deleted:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/ipv6/ipv6only.xml
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/ipv6/Makefile
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/ipv6/ipv6.ent
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/search/sitemap.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml Mon Jun 18 06:41:36 2018 (r51866)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml Mon Jun 18 07:33:36 2018 (r51867)
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
201520162017
+ 2018The &os; Documentation Project
@@ -5260,6 +5261,25 @@ Key F15 A A Menu Workplace Nop
net.link.ether.inet.log_arp_wrong_iface
to 0.
+
+
+
+
+
+ How do I compile an IPv6 only kernel?
+
+
+
+
+ Configure your kernel with these settings:
+
+include GENERIC
+ident GENERIC-IPV6ONLY
+makeoptions MKMODULESENV+="WITHOUT_INET_SUPPORT="
+nooptions INET
+nodevice gre
+
+
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/ipv6/Makefile
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/ipv6/Makefile Mon Jun 18 06:41:36 2018 (r51866)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/ipv6/Makefile Mon Jun 18 07:33:36 2018 (r51867)
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
.endif
DOCS+= index.xml
-DOCS+= ipv6only.xml
DOCS+= w6d.xml
DOCS+= w6l.xml
DOCS+= w6d-www-stats.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/ipv6/ipv6.ent
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/ipv6/ipv6.ent Mon Jun 18 06:41:36 2018 (r51866)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/ipv6/ipv6.ent Mon Jun 18 07:33:36 2018 (r51867)
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
From owner-svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Mon Jun 18 10:29:48 2018
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2018 10:29:47 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
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Subject: svn commit: r51873 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/order
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Author: mat
Date: Mon Jun 18 10:29:47 2018
New Revision: 51873
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51873
Log:
Add a tip on how to sort targets when options helpers are used.
Sponsored by: Absolight
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/order/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/order/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/order/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 10:23:04 2018 (r51872)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/order/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 10:29:47 2018 (r51873)
@@ -523,5 +523,26 @@ post-install-EXAMPLES-on:
test
+
+
+ When using options helpers target keep them alphabetically
+ sorted, but keep the
+ *-on before the
+ *-off. When
+ also using the main target, keep the main target before the
+ optionnal ones:
+
+ post-install:
+ # install generic bits
+
+post-install-DOCS-on:
+ # Install documentation
+
+post-install-X11-on:
+ # Install X11 related bits
+
+post-install-X11-off:
+ # Install bits that should be there if X11 is disabled
+
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From: Warren Block
To: Benjamin Kaduk
cc: Eitan Adler , doc-committers@FreeBSD.org,
svn-doc-all@FreeBSD.org, svn-doc-head@FreeBSD.org
Subject: Re: svn commit: r51840 - head/share/xml
In-Reply-To: <20180616171239.GV64971@kduck.kaduk.org>
Message-ID:
References: <201806160419.w5G4JjoC080725@repo.freebsd.org>
<20180616171239.GV64971@kduck.kaduk.org>
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On Sat, 16 Jun 2018, Benjamin Kaduk wrote:
> Hmm, do I misremmber, or do we generally prefer writing out
> "Subversion" to the acronym "SVN"?
Spelled out is better, we shouldn't assume the reader knows what "SVN"
means.
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From: Mathieu Arnold
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2018 15:54:41 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51874 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/order
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Author: mat
Date: Mon Jun 18 15:54:40 2018
New Revision: 51874
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51874
Log:
Typo.
Reported by: linimon
Sponsored by: Absolight
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/order/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/order/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/order/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 10:29:47 2018 (r51873)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/order/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 15:54:40 2018 (r51874)
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ post-install-EXAMPLES-on:
*-on before the
*-off. When
also using the main target, keep the main target before the
- optionnal ones:
+ optional ones:
post-install:
# install generic bits
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From: Glen Barber
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2018 17:39:42 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51875 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R
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Author: gjb
Date: Mon Jun 18 17:39:41 2018
New Revision: 51875
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51875
Log:
Add the signatures.xml file to generate the signatures.html page
that I thought I had already added.
Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Added:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/signatures.xml (contents, props changed)
Added: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/signatures.xml
==============================================================================
--- /dev/null 00:00:00 1970 (empty, because file is newly added)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/signatures.xml Mon Jun 18 17:39:41 2018 (r51875)
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+]>
+
+
+
+ &title;
+
+ $FreeBSD$
+
+
+
+
+
Signed Checksum Signatures
+
+
This page contains links to the PGP-signed checksum files for
+ &os; &local.rel;.
+
+
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From: Glen Barber
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2018 17:40:12 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
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Subject: svn commit: r51876 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R
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Author: gjb
Date: Mon Jun 18 17:40:11 2018
New Revision: 51876
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51876
Log:
Connect signatures.xml to the build.
Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/Makefile
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/Makefile
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/Makefile Mon Jun 18 17:39:41 2018 (r51875)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/Makefile Mon Jun 18 17:40:11 2018 (r51876)
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ _BRANCH?= RC3
THISRELEASE?= ${_OS}-${_REVISION}-${_BRANCH}
DOCS= index.xml \
- schedule.xml
+ schedule.xml \
+ signatures.xml
DATA= docbook.css \
hardware.html \
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From: Bjoern Heidotting
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2018 18:56:22 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51877 - head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks
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Author: bhd
Date: Mon Jun 18 18:56:21 2018
New Revision: 51877
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51877
Log:
Update to r51746:
Fix the automount restart command example
Modified:
head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml
Modified: head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 17:40:11 2018 (r51876)
+++ head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 18:56:21 2018 (r51877)
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
$FreeBSD$
$FreeBSDde: de-docproj/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml,v 1.187 2012/04/26 19:32:48 bcr Exp $
- basiert auf: r51732
+ basiert auf: r51746
-->
- &prompt.root; service automount reload
+ &prompt.root; service automount restart
&prompt.root; service devd restart&man.autofs.5; wird beim Booten automatisch gestartet,
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From: Bjoern Heidotting
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2018 19:16:21 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51878 - head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors
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Author: bhd
Date: Mon Jun 18 19:16:21 2018
New Revision: 51878
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51878
Log:
Update to r51776:
handbook: stop comparing rsync to rcp
Users are more likely to be familiar with rsync, we no longer have rcp,
and the comparison didn't provide much value in the first place.
Modified:
head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors/chapter.xml
Modified: head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 18:56:21 2018 (r51877)
+++ head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 19:16:21 2018 (r51878)
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
$FreeBSD$
$FreeBSDde: de-docproj/books/handbook/mirrors/chapter.xml,v 1.174 2011/07/25 14:45:12 bcr Exp $
- basiert auf: r51254
+ basiert auf: r51776
-->
Benutzen von rsync
- rsync wird hnlich wie
- &man.rcp.1; verwendet, besitzt aber mehr Optionen und
- verwendet das rsync remote-update Protokoll, das
- nur genderte Dateien bertrgt und damit viel schneller
- als ein normaler Kopiervorgang ist.
- rsync ist sehr ntzlich, wenn Sie
- einen &os; FTP-Spiegel betreiben. Das Programm ist fr viele
- Betriebssysteme erhltlich, mit &os; knnen Sie den Port
- net/rsync oder das fertige Paket benutzen.
- Die folgenden Server stellen &os; ber das
- rsync-Protokoll zur Verfgung:
+ Die folgenden Server stellen &os; ber das
+ rsync-Protokoll zur Verfgung. Das Programm
+ rsync bertrgt lediglich genderte
+ Dateien und ist sehr ntzlich, wenn Sie einen &os; FTP-Spiegel
+ betreiben. rsync ist fr viele
+ Betriebssysteme verfgbar. Fr &os; sehen Sie sich den Port
+ oder das Paket net/rsync an.
From owner-svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Mon Jun 18 19:41:26 2018
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From: Bjoern Heidotting
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2018 19:41:25 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51879 - head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction
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Author: bhd
Date: Mon Jun 18 19:41:25 2018
New Revision: 51879
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51879
Log:
Update to r51826:
Update the list of supported architectures.
Modified:
head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml
Modified: head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 19:16:21 2018 (r51878)
+++ head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Mon Jun 18 19:41:25 2018 (r51879)
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
The FreeBSD German Documentation Project
$FreeBSD$
- basiert auf: r51251
+ basiert auf: r51826
-->
- Willkommen zu &os;
+ Willkommen zu &os;!4.4BSD-Lite
- &os; ist ein auf 4.4BSD-Lite basierendes Betriebssystem fr
- Intel (x86 und &itanium;), AMD64, &arm; und Sun &ultrasparc; Rechner.
- An Portierungen zu anderen Architekturen wird derzeit
- gearbeitet. Mehr zur Geschichte von &os; erfahren Sie in &os; ist ein Open Source, Unix-hnliches Betriebssystem fr
+ x86 (32 und 64 Bit) &arm;, AARch64, &risc-v;, &mips;, &power;,
+ &powerpc; und Sun &ultrasparc; Rechner, das ursprnglich auf
+ 4.4BSD-Lite basiert. Mehr zur Geschichte von &os; erfahren Sie in die Geschichte von &os; oder aus den
aktuellen
Release-Informationen. Falls Sie das &os; Projekt
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From: Eitan Adler
Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2018 05:40:12 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51880 - in head: en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq
en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/docproj en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/search share/xml
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Author: eadler
Date: Tue Jun 19 05:40:12 2018
New Revision: 51880
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51880
Log:
docs: spell out "SVN" to "Subversion" in a few places.
Reported by: wblock, bjk
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/docproj/submitting.xml
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/search/sitemap.xml
head/share/xml/header.ent
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml Mon Jun 18 19:41:25 2018 (r51879)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml Tue Jun 19 05:40:12 2018 (r51880)
@@ -2376,7 +2376,7 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i8254How do I download the Ports tree? Should I be using
- SVN?
+ Subversion?
@@ -2390,7 +2390,7 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i8254
use this tool.
- Use SVN if custom patches to the
+ Use Subversion if custom patches to the
ports tree are needed. Refer to Using
Subversion for details.
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/docproj/submitting.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/docproj/submitting.xml Mon Jun 18 19:41:25 2018 (r51879)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/docproj/submitting.xml Tue Jun 19 05:40:12 2018 (r51880)
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
If you do this, please only send plain-text documents.
You may wish to cc: this request for comments to another appropriate
- mailing list. For example, something that relates to how to use SVN to
+ mailing list. For example, something that relates to how to use Subversion to
keep your source tree up to date would be of interest to the subscribers
of the FreeBSD-stable mailing list. Please only cc: at most
one other mailing list.
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References: <201806160419.w5G4JjoC080725@repo.freebsd.org>
<20180616171239.GV64971@kduck.kaduk.org>
From: Eitan Adler
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2018 22:40:28 -0700
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Message-ID:
Subject: Re: svn commit: r51840 - head/share/xml
To: Warren Block
Cc: Benjamin Kaduk , doc-committers@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-all@freebsd.org, svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
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On 18 June 2018 at 04:57, Warren Block wrote:
> On Sat, 16 Jun 2018, Benjamin Kaduk wrote:
>
>> Hmm, do I misremmber, or do we generally prefer writing out
>> "Subversion" to the acronym "SVN"?
>
>
> Spelled out is better, we shouldn't assume the reader knows what "SVN"
> means.
Done - and in a few more places too.
--
Eitan Adler
Source, Ports, Doc committer
Bugmeister, Ports Security teams
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2018 06:49:34 +0000 (UTC)
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Subject: svn commit: r51881 - head/zh_TW.UTF-8/share/xml
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Author: rcyu
Date: Tue Jun 19 06:49:34 2018
New Revision: 51881
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51881
Log:
- spell out "SVN" to "Subversion"
- Traditional Chinese translation of "Repository"
Modified:
head/zh_TW.UTF-8/share/xml/header.l10n.ent
Modified: head/zh_TW.UTF-8/share/xml/header.l10n.ent
==============================================================================
--- head/zh_TW.UTF-8/share/xml/header.l10n.ent Tue Jun 19 05:40:12 2018 (r51880)
+++ head/zh_TW.UTF-8/share/xml/header.l10n.ent Tue Jun 19 06:49:34 2018 (r51881)
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
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Subject: svn commit: r51882 - head/zh_TW.UTF-8/share/xml
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Author: rcyu
Date: Tue Jun 19 09:00:47 2018
New Revision: 51882
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51882
Log:
- Add URLs to English information on the latest release -->
Modified:
head/zh_TW.UTF-8/share/xml/l10n.ent
Modified: head/zh_TW.UTF-8/share/xml/l10n.ent
==============================================================================
--- head/zh_TW.UTF-8/share/xml/l10n.ent Tue Jun 19 06:49:34 2018 (r51881)
+++ head/zh_TW.UTF-8/share/xml/l10n.ent Tue Jun 19 09:00:47 2018 (r51882)
@@ -29,3 +29,52 @@
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From: Benedict Reuschling
Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2018 10:17:53 +0000 (UTC)
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Subject: svn commit: r51883 - head/share/xml
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Author: bcr
Date: Tue Jun 19 10:17:53 2018
New Revision: 51883
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51883
Log:
Announce National FreeBSD Day, with FreeBSD turning 25 years old today.
Happy birthday and thanks to everyone who contributed to the project
over the years.
Modified:
head/share/xml/news.xml
Modified: head/share/xml/news.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/share/xml/news.xml Tue Jun 19 09:00:47 2018 (r51882)
+++ head/share/xml/news.xml Tue Jun 19 10:17:53 2018 (r51883)
@@ -35,6 +35,20 @@
6
+ 19
+
+
+ National &os; Day: &os; is 25 years old
+ today!
+
+
On June 19, 1993 the name &os; was officially agreed on
+ and has been used ever since. Find out more
+ about how to celebrate this important day with us.
+
+
+
+ 16
From owner-svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Tue Jun 19 12:13:17 2018
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From: Kurt Jaeger
Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2018 12:13:16 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51886 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs
X-SVN-Group: doc-head
X-SVN-Commit-Author: pi
X-SVN-Commit-Paths: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs
X-SVN-Commit-Revision: 51886
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Author: pi (ports committer)
Date: Tue Jun 19 12:13:16 2018
New Revision: 51886
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51886
Log:
en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/administration.xml: add krion, philip to postmaster
Approved by: remko
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/administration.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/administration.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/administration.xml Tue Jun 19 10:59:45 2018 (r51885)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/administration.xml Tue Jun 19 12:13:16 2018 (r51886)
@@ -478,7 +478,9 @@
&a.dhw.email;
+
&a.krion.email;
&a.ler.email;
+
&a.philip.email;
&a.pi.email;
&a.rea.email;
&a.remko.email;
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2018 09:43:12 -0500
From: Benjamin Kaduk
To: Eitan Adler
Cc: Warren Block , doc-committers@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-all@freebsd.org, svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: svn commit: r51840 - head/share/xml
Message-ID: <20180619144312.GC4946@kduck.kaduk.org>
References: <201806160419.w5G4JjoC080725@repo.freebsd.org>
<20180616171239.GV64971@kduck.kaduk.org>
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X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2018 14:48:32 -0000
On Mon, Jun 18, 2018 at 10:40:28PM -0700, Eitan Adler wrote:
> On 18 June 2018 at 04:57, Warren Block wrote:
> > On Sat, 16 Jun 2018, Benjamin Kaduk wrote:
> >
> >> Hmm, do I misremmber, or do we generally prefer writing out
> >> "Subversion" to the acronym "SVN"?
> >
> >
> > Spelled out is better, we shouldn't assume the reader knows what "SVN"
> > means.
>
> Done - and in a few more places too.
Thanks!
(A bit of searching reveals that I was probably thinking about
https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/fdp-primer/writing-style-word-list.html
, FWIW.)
-Ben
From owner-svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Tue Jun 19 14:57:44 2018
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From: Fukang Chen
Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2018 14:57:43 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51887 - head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml
X-SVN-Group: doc-head
X-SVN-Commit-Author: loader
X-SVN-Commit-Paths: head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml
X-SVN-Commit-Revision: 51887
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Author: loader
Date: Tue Jun 19 14:57:43 2018
New Revision: 51887
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51887
Log:
MFen: r51846 -> r51883
Modified:
head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml/news.xml
Modified: head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml/news.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml/news.xml Tue Jun 19 12:13:16 2018 (r51886)
+++ head/zh_CN.UTF-8/share/xml/news.xml Tue Jun 19 14:57:43 2018 (r51887)
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
the contents of will be preferred over
.
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Documentation Project
- Original Revision: r51846
+ Original Revision: r51883
From: www/share/xml/news.xml
-->
@@ -35,7 +35,19 @@
6
-
+
+ 19
+
+
+ &os; 遵ワ&os; 篁紊 25 絏篋鐚
+
+
+
+
+
+ 16
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From: Eitan Adler
Date: Wed, 20 Jun 2018 01:07:57 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51888 - in head: en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/layout
en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/layout/js share/xml
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Author: eadler
Date: Wed Jun 20 01:07:56 2018
New Revision: 51888
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51888
Log:
stats: revert r51804
Due to incomplete testing I hadn't noticed that this actually generated
"&&" rather than "&&" in the output. Revert for now while I
solicit some help getting this done right.
Added:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/layout/js/
- copied from r51803, head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/layout/js/
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/layout/Makefile
head/share/xml/header.ent
head/share/xml/xhtml.xsl
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/layout/Makefile
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/layout/Makefile Tue Jun 19 14:57:43 2018 (r51887)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/layout/Makefile Wed Jun 20 01:07:56 2018 (r51888)
@@ -9,5 +9,6 @@
SUBDIR= css
SUBDIR+= images
+SUBDIR+= js
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/web.site.mk"
Modified: head/share/xml/header.ent
==============================================================================
--- head/share/xml/header.ent Tue Jun 19 14:57:43 2018 (r51887)
+++ head/share/xml/header.ent Wed Jun 20 01:07:56 2018 (r51888)
@@ -21,33 +21,10 @@
-
-var allow_track = true; var h = document.location.hostname;
-var fbsdregex = /((docs|security|svnweb|wiki|www)\.freebsd\.org|google\.com)$/i;
-
-if (typeof navigator.doNotTrack !== 'undefined' && (navigator.doNotTrack == '1')) {
- allow_track = false;
-}
-if (allow_track && fbsdregex.test(h)) {
-(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
-new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
-j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
-'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
-})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PXRWZVR');}
-">
-
-'>
+'>
]]>
-
Header And Logo'>
Modified: head/share/xml/xhtml.xsl
==============================================================================
--- head/share/xml/xhtml.xsl Tue Jun 19 14:57:43 2018 (r51887)
+++ head/share/xml/xhtml.xsl Wed Jun 20 01:07:56 2018 (r51888)
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@
- &header1.googleiframe;
&header2;
From owner-svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Wed Jun 20 19:13:45 2018
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From: Edward Tomasz Napierala
Date: Wed, 20 Jun 2018 19:13:44 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51889 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction
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X-SVN-Commit-Author: trasz
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X-List-Received-Date: Wed, 20 Jun 2018 19:13:45 -0000
Author: trasz (src,ports committer)
Date: Wed Jun 20 19:13:43 2018
New Revision: 51889
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51889
Log:
Update the features list to something that better fits the current century.
Reviewed by: allanjude@
Approved by: allanjude@
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D15868
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Wed Jun 20 01:07:56 2018 (r51888)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Wed Jun 20 19:13:43 2018 (r51889)
@@ -77,142 +77,91 @@
What Can &os; Do?
- &os; has many noteworthy features. Some of these
+ &os; is a complete, Open Source, standards-compliant
+ Unix system, with all the associated features that are
+ nowadays taken for granted, such as preemptive multitasking,
+ memory protection, virtual memory, multi-user facilities, SMP
+ support, all the Open Source development tools for different
+ languages and frameworks, and desktop features centered around
+ X Window System, KDE, or GNOME. Its particular strenghts
are:
- Preemptive multitasking
-
- preemptive multitasking
- with dynamic priority adjustment to ensure
- smooth and fair sharing of the computer between
- applications and users, even under the heaviest of
- loads.
+ Liberal Open Source license,
+ which grants you rights to freely modify and extend
+ its source code and incorporate it in both Open Source
+ projects and closed products without imposing
+ restrictions typical to copyleft licenses, as well
+ as avoiding potential license incompatibility
+ problems.
- Multi-user facilities
- multi-user facilities
- which allow many people to use a &os; system
- simultaneously for a variety of things. This means, for
- example, that system peripherals such as printers and tape
- drives are properly shared between all users on the system
- or the network and that individual resource limits can be
- placed on users or groups of users, protecting critical
- system resources from over-use.
+ Strong TCP/IP networking
+ TCP/IP
+ networking - &os;
+ implements industry standard protocols with ever
+ increasing performance and scalability. This makes
+ it a good match in both server, and routing/firewalling
+ roles - and indeed many companies and vendors use it
+ precisely for that purpose.
- Strong TCP/IP
- networking
- TCP/IP networking
- with support for industry standards such as
- SCTP, DHCP, NFS, NIS, PPP, SLIP, IPsec, and IPv6. This
- means that your &os; machine can interoperate easily with
- other systems as well as act as an enterprise server,
- providing vital functions such as NFS (remote file access)
- and email services or putting your organization on the
- Internet with WWW, FTP, routing and firewall (security)
- services.
+ Fully integrated OpenZFS support,
+ including root-on-ZFS, ZFS Boot Environments, fault
+ management, administrative delegation, support for jails,
+ &os; specific documentation, and system installer
+ support.
- Memory protection
- memory protection
- ensures that applications (or users) cannot
- interfere with each other. One application crashing will
- not affect others in any way.
+ Extensive security features,
+ from the Mandatory Access Control framework to Capsicum
+ capability and sandbox mechanisms.
- The industry standard
- X Window System
- X Window System
- (X11R7) can provide a graphical user
- interface (GUI) on any machine and comes with full
- sources.
+ Over 30 thousand prebuilt
+ packages for all supported architectures,
+ and the Ports Collection which makes it easy to build your
+ own, customized ones.
-
-
- binary compatibility
- Linux
-
- Binary compatibility with many
- programs built for Linux.
+ Documentation - in addition
+ to Handbook and books from different authors that cover
+ topics ranging from system administration to kernel
+ internals, there are also the &man.man.1; pages, not only
+ for userspace daemons, utilities, and configuration files,
+ but also for kernel driver APIs (section 9) and individual
+ drivers (section 4).
- Thousands of ready-to-run
- applications are available from the &os;
- ports and
- packages collection. Why search the
- net when you can find it all right here?
+ Simple and consistent repository structure
+ and build system - &os; uses a single
+ repository for all of its components, both kernel and
+ userspace. This, along with an unified and easy to
+ customize build system and a well thought out development
+ process makes it easy to integrate &os; with build
+ infrastructure for your own product.
- Thousands of additional and
- easy-to-port applications are
- available on the Internet. &os; is source code compatible
- with most popular commercial &unix; systems and thus most
- applications require few, if any, changes to
- compile.
+ Staying true to Unix philosophy,
+ preferring composability instead of monolithic all
+ in one daemons with hardcoded behaviour.
-
- Demand paged virtual
- memory
- virtual memory
- and merged VM/buffer cache
- design efficiently satisfies applications with large
- appetites for memory while still maintaining interactive
- response to other users.
-
- SMP
- Symmetric Multi-Processing
- (SMP)
- support for machines with multiple
- CPUs.
+ binary compatibility
+ Linux
+ Binary compatibility with Linux,
+ which makes it possible to run many Linux binaries without
+ the need for virtualisation.
-
-
-
-
- compilers
- C
-
-
- compilers
- C++
-
- A full complement of C
- and C++
- development tools.
- Many additional languages for advanced research
- and development are also available in the ports and
- packages collection.
-
-
-
- Source code
- source code
- for the entire system means you have the
- greatest degree of control over your environment. Why be
- locked into a proprietary solution at the mercy of your
- vendor when you can have a truly open system?
-
-
-
- Extensive online
- documentation.
-
-
-
- And many more!
- &os; is based on the 4.4BSD-Lite
@@ -223,11 +172,13 @@
at the University of California at Berkeley, and
carries on the distinguished tradition of BSD systems
development. In addition to the fine work provided by CSRG,
- the &os; Project has put in many thousands of hours in
- fine tuning the system for maximum performance and reliability
+ the &os; Project has put in many thousands of man-hours
+ into extending the functionality and fine-tuning the system
+ for maximum performance and reliability
in real-life load situations. &os; offers performance and
- reliability on par with commercial offerings, combined with
- many cutting-edge features not available anywhere else.
+ reliability on par with other Open Source and commercial
+ offerings, combined with cutting-edge features not available
+ anywhere else.The applications to which &os; can be put are truly
limited only by your own imagination. From software
@@ -237,9 +188,7 @@
likely that you can do it with &os; too! &os; also benefits
significantly from literally thousands of high quality
applications developed by research centers and universities
- around the world, often available at little to no cost.
- Commercial applications are also available and appearing in
- greater numbers every day.
+ around the world, often available at little to no cost.
Because the source code for &os; itself is generally
available, the system can also be customized to an almost
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From: "Danilo G. Baio"
Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2018 00:27:13 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51890 - head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml
X-SVN-Group: doc-head
X-SVN-Commit-Author: dbaio
X-SVN-Commit-Paths: head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml
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Author: dbaio (ports committer)
Date: Thu Jun 21 00:27:13 2018
New Revision: 51890
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51890
Log:
Merge the following from the English version:
r51840 -> r51888 pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml/header.l10n.ent
Approved by: doc (eadler)
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D15941
Modified:
head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml/header.l10n.ent
Modified: head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml/header.l10n.ent
==============================================================================
--- head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml/header.l10n.ent Wed Jun 20 19:13:43 2018 (r51889)
+++ head/pt_BR.ISO8859-1/share/xml/header.l10n.ent Thu Jun 21 00:27:13 2018 (r51890)
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
+
@@ -22,33 +23,10 @@
-
-var allow_track = true; var h = document.location.hostname;
-var fbsdregex = /((docs|security|svnweb|wiki|www)\.freebsd\.org|google\.com)$/i;
-
-if (typeof navigator.doNotTrack !== 'undefined' && (navigator.doNotTrack == '1')) {
- allow_track = false;
-}
-if (allow_track && fbsdregex.test(h)) {
-(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
-new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
-j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
-'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
-})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PXRWZVR');}
-">
-
-'>
+'>
]]>
-
Header And Logo'>
@@ -159,7 +137,7 @@ j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';
From owner-svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Thu Jun 21 16:55:11 2018
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From: Glen Barber
Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2018 16:55:10 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51894 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R
X-SVN-Group: doc-head
X-SVN-Commit-Author: gjb
X-SVN-Commit-Paths: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R
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Author: gjb
Date: Thu Jun 21 16:55:10 2018
New Revision: 51894
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51894
Log:
Regen after r335495.
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R/errata.html
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R/errata.html
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R/errata.html Thu Jun 21 07:04:55 2018 (r51893)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R/errata.html Thu Jun 21 16:55:10 2018 (r51894)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE Errata
FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE Errata
The FreeBSD Project
Copyright 2018 The FreeBSD Documentation
+
FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE Errata
FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE Errata
The FreeBSD Project
Copyright 2018 The FreeBSD Documentation
Project
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of
the FreeBSD Foundation.
Intel, Celeron, Centrino, Core, EtherExpress, i386,
i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@
i386 and other CPUs.
FreeBSD/i386 installed on ZFS may crash during boot
when the ZFS pool mount is attempted while booting an
unmodified GENERIC kernel.
A system tunable has been added as of revision
r286584 to make the
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From: Glen Barber
Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2018 17:06:39 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51895 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R
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Author: gjb
Date: Thu Jun 21 17:06:39 2018
New Revision: 51895
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51895
Log:
Regen after r335496.
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R/errata.html
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R/errata.html
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R/errata.html Thu Jun 21 16:55:10 2018 (r51894)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.1R/errata.html Thu Jun 21 17:06:39 2018 (r51895)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE Errata
FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE Errata
The FreeBSD Project
Copyright 2018 The FreeBSD Documentation
+
FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE Errata
FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE Errata
The FreeBSD Project
Copyright 2018 The FreeBSD Documentation
Project
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of
the FreeBSD Foundation.
Intel, Celeron, Centrino, Core, EtherExpress, i386,
i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document,
and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the
designations have been followed by the “™” or the
- “” symbol.
Last modified on 2018-05-08 14:03:08 EDT by gjb.
Abstract
This document lists errata items for FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE,
+ “” symbol.
Last modified on 2018-06-21 13:05:33 EDT by gjb.
Abstract
This document lists errata items for FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE,
containing significant information discovered after the
release or too late in the release cycle to be otherwise
included in the release documentation. This information
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From: Bjoern Heidotting
Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2018 17:13:28 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51896 - head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks
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Author: bhd
Date: Thu Jun 21 17:13:28 2018
New Revision: 51896
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51896
Log:
Update to r51815:
Update DVD+RW links.
Modified:
head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml
Modified: head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml Thu Jun 21 17:06:39 2018 (r51895)
+++ head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml Thu Jun 21 17:13:28 2018 (r51896)
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
$FreeBSD$
$FreeBSDde: de-docproj/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml,v 1.187 2012/04/26 19:32:48 bcr Exp $
- basiert auf: r51746
+ basiert auf: r51815
-->
DVD-R: Dies war das erste verfgbare Format. Das
Format wurde vom
- DVD-Forum festgelegt. Die Medien sind nur einmal
+ xlink:href="http://www.dvdforum.org/forum.shtml">
+ DVD-Forum festgelegt. Die Medien sind nur einmal
beschreibbar.
@@ -1313,7 +1313,7 @@ scsibus1:
DVD+RW: Ist ein
wiederbeschreibbares Format, das von der
+ xlink:href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD%2BRW_Alliance">
DVD+RW Alliance festgelegt
wurde. Eine DVD+RW kann ungefhr
1000 Mal beschrieben werden.
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From: Bjoern Heidotting
Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2018 17:14:51 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51897 - head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction
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X-SVN-Commit-Author: bhd
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Author: bhd
Date: Thu Jun 21 17:14:51 2018
New Revision: 51897
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51897
Log:
Update to 51863:
Fix claims on binary compatibility - it's just Linux nowadays; nobody cares
about SCO or BSD/OS anyway.
Modified:
head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml
Modified: head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Thu Jun 21 17:13:28 2018 (r51896)
+++ head/de_DE.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Thu Jun 21 17:14:51 2018 (r51897)
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
The FreeBSD German Documentation Project
$FreeBSD$
- basiert auf: r51826
+ basiert auf: r51863
-->
Binrkompatibilitt
Linux
-
- Binrkompatibilitt
- SCO
-
-
- Binrkompatibilitt
- SVR4
-
-
- Binrkompatibilitt
- BSD/OS
-
-
- Binrkompatibilitt
- NetBSD
- Binrkompatibilitt mit vielen auf
- anderen Betriebssystemen erstellten Programmen wie Linux,
- SCO, SVR4, BSDI und NetBSD.
+ Linux erstellten Programmen.
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From: Glen Barber
Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2018 18:14:28 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51898 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R
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Author: gjb
Date: Thu Jun 21 18:14:28 2018
New Revision: 51898
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51898
Log:
Regen after r335499.
Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/installation.html
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/relnotes.html
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/installation.html
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/installation.html Thu Jun 21 17:14:51 2018 (r51897)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/installation.html Thu Jun 21 18:14:28 2018 (r51898)
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document,
and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the
designations have been followed by the “™” or the
- “” symbol.
Last modified on 2018-06-07 12:26:28 EDT by gjb.
Abstract
This article gives some brief instructions on installing
+ “” symbol.
Last modified on 2018-06-21 14:13:05 EDT by gjb.
Abstract
This article gives some brief instructions on installing
FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE and upgrading the systems running
earlier releases.
The freebsd-update(8) utility supports binary
upgrades of i386 and amd64 systems running
earlier FreeBSD releases. Systems running
- 10.3-RELEASE,
- 11.0-RELEASE can upgrade as follows:
# freebsd-update fetch
+ 10.4-RELEASE or
+ 11.1-RELEASE can upgrade as follows:
# freebsd-update fetch
# freebsd-update install
Now the freebsd-update(8) utility can fetch bits
belonging to 11.2-RELEASE. During this process
freebsd-update(8) will ask for help in merging
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/relnotes.html
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/relnotes.html Thu Jun 21 17:14:51 2018 (r51897)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/relnotes.html Thu Jun 21 18:14:28 2018 (r51898)
@@ -18,14 +18,13 @@
as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document,
and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the
designations have been followed by the “™” or the
- “” symbol.
Last modified on 2018-06-07 13:08:41 EDT by gjb.
Abstract
The release notes for FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE contain
+ “” symbol.
Last modified on 2018-06-21 14:13:05 EDT by gjb.
Abstract
The release notes for FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE contain
a summary of the changes made to the FreeBSD base system on the
11.2-STABLE development line. This document lists
applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
release, as well as significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and
userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
- presented.
Thi
s document contains the release notes for FreeBSD
11.2-RELEASE. It describes recently added, changed, or
deleted features of FreeBSD. It also provides some notes on
upgrading from previous versions of FreeBSD.
This distribution of FreeBSD
@@ -73,7 +72,8 @@
CPUs.
Timezone database information
@@ -264,8 +264,7 @@
updated to default to UEFI-only
boot. [r322254]
(Sponsored by
- TheFreeBSDFoundation)
4.4./etc/rc.d
- Scripts
5.Kernel
This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
+ TheFreeBSDFoundation)
5.Kernel
This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
categorized.
5.1.General Kernel Changes
The linux(4) ABI
compaibility layer has been updated to include support for
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From: Glen Barber
Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2018 23:14:49 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51899 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R
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Author: gjb
Date: Thu Jun 21 23:14:49 2018
New Revision: 51899
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51899
Log:
Add the 11.2-RELEASE errata.html page.
Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Added:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/errata.html (contents, props changed)
Added: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/errata.html
==============================================================================
--- /dev/null 00:00:00 1970 (empty, because file is newly added)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/htdocs/releases/11.2R/errata.html Thu Jun 21 23:14:49 2018 (r51899)
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+
+FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE Errata
FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE Errata
The FreeBSD Project
Copyright 2018 The FreeBSD Documentation
+ Project
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of
+ the FreeBSD Foundation.
Intel, Celeron, Centrino, Core, EtherExpress, i386,
+ i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered
+ trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United
+ States and other countries.
SPARC, SPARC64, and
+ UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United
+ States and other countries. SPARC International, Inc owns all of the
+ SPARC trademarks and under licensing agreements allows the proper use
+ of these trademarks by its members.
Many of the designations used by
+ manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed
+ as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document,
+ and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the
+ designations have been followed by the “™” or the
+ “” symbol.
Last modified on 2018-06-21 19:10:58 EDT by gjb.
Abstract
This document lists errata items for FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE,
+ containing significant information discovered after the
+ release or too late in the release cycle to be otherwise
+ included in the release documentation. This information
+ includes security advisories, as well as news relating to the
+ software or documentation that could affect its operation or
+ usability. An up-to-date version of this document should
+ always be consulted before installing this version of
+ FreeBSD.
This errata document for FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE will be maintained
+ until the release of FreeBSD 11.3-RELEASE.
This errata document contains “late-breaking
+ news” about FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE. Before installing this
+ version, it is important to consult this document to learn about
+ any post-release discoveries or problems that may already have
+ been found and fixed.
Any version of this errata document actually distributed
+ with the release (for example, on a CDROM distribution) will be
+ out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on
+ the Internet and should be consulted as the “current
+ errata” for this release. These other copies of the
+ errata are located at https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/, plus any
+ sites which keep up-to-date mirrors of this location.
Source and binary snapshots of FreeBSD 11.2-STABLE also
+ contain up-to-date copies of this document (as of the time of
+ the snapshot).
FreeBSD/i386 installed on ZFS may crash during boot
+ when the ZFS pool mount is attempted while booting an
+ unmodified GENERIC kernel.
A system tunable has been added as of revision
+ r286584 to make the
+ kern.kstack_pages tunable configurable
+ without recompiling the kernel.
To mitigate system crashes with such configurations,
+ choose Escape to loader prompt in the
+ boot menu and enter the following lines from loader(8)
+ prompt, after an OK:
set kern.kstack_pages=4
+boot
Add this line to
+ /boot/loader.conf for the change to
+ persist across reboots:
kern.kstack_pages=4
[2017-07-25] FreeBSD/arm64 currently lacks
+ EFI real-time clock
+ (RTC) support, which may cause the system
+ to boot with the wrong time set.
As a workaround, either enable ntpdate(8) or
+ include ntpd_sync_on_start="YES" in
+ rc.conf(5).
[2017-07-25] A late issue was discovered with
+ FreeBSD/arm64 and "root on
+ ZFS" installations where the root
+ ZFS pool would fail to be located.
There currently is no workaround.
[2017-11-06] An issue with FreeBSD virtual machines with
+ vagrant was discovered that
+ affects the VirtualBox where the
+ virtual machine will not start on the initial boot invoked
+ with vagrant up.
The issue is due to the virtual machine
+ MAC being unset, as FreeBSD does not provide
+ a default Vagrantfile.
It has been observed, however, that a subsequent
+ invocation of vagrant up will allow the
+ virtual machine to successfully boot, allowing access via
+ vagrant ssh.
[2018-06-21] An issue had been discovered late in the
+ release cycle where removing ZFS vdevs
+ from a pool under certain conditions would cause a system
+ crash when zfsd(8) is enabled in
+ rc.conf(5).
At present, it is believed to be limited to removal of
+ a mirror vdev from a pool consisting of
+ multiple mirror vdevs.
See PR 228750
+ for more information and updates as the issue is
+ investigated.
+
+
+
6
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From: Benedict Reuschling
Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2018 14:55:54 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51904 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/linux-emulation
X-SVN-Group: doc-head
X-SVN-Commit-Author: bcr
X-SVN-Commit-Paths: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/linux-emulation
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Author: bcr
Date: Sat Jun 23 14:55:54 2018
New Revision: 51904
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51904
Log:
Style cleanup, purely cosmetical, no visual content changes:
- Wrap overly long lines
- Use two spaces after a sentence stop in a few places
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/linux-emulation/article.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/linux-emulation/article.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/linux-emulation/article.xml Sat Jun 23 06:57:42 2018 (r51903)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/linux-emulation/article.xml Sat Jun 23 14:55:54 2018 (r51904)
@@ -3,13 +3,23 @@
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/XML/share/xml/freebsd50.dtd">
-
- &linux; emulation in &os;
-
+
+
+ &linux; emulation in &os;
- RomanDivacky
- rdivacky@FreeBSD.org
-
+
+
+ Roman
+ Divacky
+
+
+
+ rdivacky@FreeBSD.org
+
+
+
&tm-attrib.adobe;
@@ -28,151 +38,165 @@
$FreeBSD$
- This masters thesis deals with updating the &linux; emulation layer
- (the so called Linuxulator). The task was to update the layer to match
- the functionality of &linux; 2.6. As a reference implementation, the
- &linux; 2.6.16 kernel was chosen. The concept is loosely based on
- the NetBSD implementation. Most of the work was done in the summer
- of 2006 as a part of the Google Summer of Code students program.
- The focus was on bringing the NPTL (new &posix;
- thread library) support into the emulation layer, including
- TLS (thread local storage),
+ This masters thesis deals with updating the &linux;
+ emulation layer (the so called
+ Linuxulator). The task was to update
+ the layer to match the functionality of &linux; 2.6. As a
+ reference implementation, the &linux; 2.6.16 kernel was
+ chosen. The concept is loosely based on the NetBSD
+ implementation. Most of the work was done in the summer of
+ 2006 as a part of the Google Summer of Code students program.
+ The focus was on bringing the NPTL (new
+ &posix; thread library) support into the emulation layer,
+ including TLS (thread local storage),
futexes (fast user space mutexes),
PID mangling, and some other minor
things. Many small problems were identified and fixed in the
process. My work was integrated into the main &os; source
- repository and will be shipped in the upcoming 7.0R release. We,
- the emulation development team, are working on making the
- &linux; 2.6 emulation the default emulation layer in &os;.
+ repository and will be shipped in the upcoming 7.0R release.
+ We, the emulation development team, are working on making the
+ &linux; 2.6 emulation the default emulation layer in
+ &os;.Introduction
- In the last few years the open source &unix; based operating systems
- started to be widely deployed on server and client machines. Among
- these operating systems I would like to point out two: &os;, for its BSD
- heritage, time proven code base and many interesting features and
- &linux; for its wide user base, enthusiastic open developer community
- and support from large companies. &os; tends to be used on server
- class machines serving heavy duty networking tasks with less usage on
- desktop class machines for ordinary users. While &linux; has the same
- usage on servers, but it is used much more by home based users. This
- leads to a situation where there are many binary only programs available
- for &linux; that lack support for &os;.
+ In the last few years the open source &unix; based operating
+ systems started to be widely deployed on server and client
+ machines. Among these operating systems I would like to point
+ out two: &os;, for its BSD heritage, time proven code base and
+ many interesting features and &linux; for its wide user base,
+ enthusiastic open developer community and support from large
+ companies. &os; tends to be used on server class machines
+ serving heavy duty networking tasks with less usage on desktop
+ class machines for ordinary users. While &linux; has the same
+ usage on servers, but it is used much more by home based users.
+ This leads to a situation where there are many binary only
+ programs available for &linux; that lack support for
+ &os;.
- Naturally, a need for the ability to run &linux; binaries on a &os;
- system arises and this is what this thesis deals with: the emulation of
- the &linux; kernel in the &os; operating system.
+ Naturally, a need for the ability to run &linux; binaries on
+ a &os; system arises and this is what this thesis deals with:
+ the emulation of the &linux; kernel in the &os; operating
+ system.
- During the Summer of 2006 Google Inc. sponsored a project which
- focused on extending the &linux; emulation layer (the so called Linuxulator)
- in &os; to include &linux; 2.6 facilities. This thesis is written as a
- part of this project.
+ During the Summer of 2006 Google Inc. sponsored a project
+ which focused on extending the &linux; emulation layer (the so
+ called Linuxulator) in &os; to include &linux; 2.6 facilities.
+ This thesis is written as a part of this project.A look inside…
- In this section we are going to describe every operating system in
- question. How they deal with syscalls, trapframes etc., all the low-level
- stuff. We also describe the way they understand common &unix;
- primitives like what a PID is, what a thread is, etc. In the third
- subsection we talk about how &unix; on &unix; emulation could be done
- in general.
+ In this section we are going to describe every operating
+ system in question. How they deal with syscalls, trapframes
+ etc., all the low-level stuff. We also describe the way they
+ understand common &unix; primitives like what a PID is, what a
+ thread is, etc. In the third subsection we talk about how
+ &unix; on &unix; emulation could be done in general.What is &unix;&unix; is an operating system with a long history that has
- influenced almost every other operating system currently in use.
- Starting in the 1960s, its development continues to this day (although
- in different projects). &unix; development soon forked into two main
- ways: the BSDs and System III/V families. They mutually influenced
- themselves by growing a common &unix; standard. Among the
- contributions originated in BSD we can name virtual memory, TCP/IP
- networking, FFS, and many others. The System V branch contributed to
- SysV interprocess communication primitives, copy-on-write, etc. &unix;
- itself does not exist any more but its ideas have been used by many
- other operating systems world wide thus forming the so called &unix;-like
- operating systems. These days the most influential ones are &linux;,
- Solaris, and possibly (to some extent) &os;. There are in-company
- &unix; derivatives (AIX, HP-UX etc.), but these have been more and
- more migrated to the aforementioned systems. Let us summarize typical
- &unix; characteristics.
+ influenced almost every other operating system currently in
+ use. Starting in the 1960s, its development continues to this
+ day (although in different projects). &unix; development soon
+ forked into two main ways: the BSDs and System III/V families.
+ They mutually influenced themselves by growing a common &unix;
+ standard. Among the contributions originated in BSD we can
+ name virtual memory, TCP/IP networking, FFS, and many others.
+ The System V branch contributed to SysV interprocess
+ communication primitives, copy-on-write, etc. &unix; itself
+ does not exist any more but its ideas have been used by many
+ other operating systems world wide thus forming the so called
+ &unix;-like operating systems. These days the most
+ influential ones are &linux;, Solaris, and possibly (to some
+ extent) &os;. There are in-company &unix; derivatives (AIX,
+ HP-UX etc.), but these have been more and more migrated to the
+ aforementioned systems. Let us summarize typical &unix;
+ characteristics.
Technical details
- Every running program constitutes a process that represents a state
- of the computation. Running process is divided between kernel-space
- and user-space. Some operations can be done only from kernel space
- (dealing with hardware etc.), but the process should spend most of its
- lifetime in the user space. The kernel is where the management of the
- processes, hardware, and low-level details take place. The kernel
- provides a standard unified &unix; API to the user space. The most
- important ones are covered below.
+ Every running program constitutes a process that
+ represents a state of the computation. Running process is
+ divided between kernel-space and user-space. Some operations
+ can be done only from kernel space (dealing with hardware
+ etc.), but the process should spend most of its lifetime in
+ the user space. The kernel is where the management of the
+ processes, hardware, and low-level details take place. The
+ kernel provides a standard unified &unix; API to the user
+ space. The most important ones are covered below.
- Communication between kernel and user space process
+ Communication between kernel and user space
+ process
- Common &unix; API defines a syscall as a way to issue commands
- from a user space process to the kernel. The most common
- implementation is either by using an interrupt or specialized
- instruction (think of
- SYSENTER/SYSCALL instructions
- for ia32). Syscalls are defined by a number. For example in &os;,
- the syscall number 85 is the &man.swapon.2; syscall and the
- syscall number 132 is &man.mkfifo.2;. Some syscalls need
- parameters, which are passed from the user-space to the kernel-space
- in various ways (implementation dependant). Syscalls are
+ Common &unix; API defines a syscall as a way to issue
+ commands from a user space process to the kernel. The most
+ common implementation is either by using an interrupt or
+ specialized instruction (think of
+ SYSENTER/SYSCALL
+ instructions for ia32). Syscalls are defined by a number.
+ For example in &os;, the syscall number 85 is the
+ &man.swapon.2; syscall and the syscall number 132 is
+ &man.mkfifo.2;. Some syscalls need parameters, which are
+ passed from the user-space to the kernel-space in various
+ ways (implementation dependant). Syscalls are
synchronous.Another possible way to communicate is by using a
- trap. Traps occur asynchronously after
- some event occurs (division by zero, page fault etc.). A trap
- can be transparent for a process (page fault) or can result in
- a reaction like sending a signal
- (division by zero).
+ trap. Traps occur asynchronously
+ after some event occurs (division by zero, page fault etc.).
+ A trap can be transparent for a process (page fault) or can
+ result in a reaction like sending a
+ signal (division by zero).Communication between processes
- There are other APIs (System V IPC, shared memory etc.) but the
- single most important API is signal. Signals are sent by processes
- or by the kernel and received by processes. Some signals
- can be ignored or handled by a user supplied routine, some result
- in a predefined action that cannot be altered or ignored.
+ There are other APIs (System V IPC, shared memory etc.)
+ but the single most important API is signal. Signals are
+ sent by processes or by the kernel and received by
+ processes. Some signals can be ignored or handled by a user
+ supplied routine, some result in a predefined action that
+ cannot be altered or ignored.Process management
- Kernel instances are processed first in the system (so called
- init). Every running process can create its identical copy using
- the &man.fork.2; syscall. Some slightly modified versions of this
- syscall were introduced but the basic semantic is the same. Every
- running process can morph into some other process using the
- &man.exec.3; syscall. Some modifications of this syscall were
- introduced but all serve the same basic purpose. Processes end
- their lives by calling the &man.exit.2; syscall. Every process is
- identified by a unique number called PID. Every process has a
- defined parent (identified by its PID).
+ Kernel instances are processed first in the system (so
+ called init). Every running process can create its
+ identical copy using the &man.fork.2; syscall. Some
+ slightly modified versions of this syscall were introduced
+ but the basic semantic is the same. Every running process
+ can morph into some other process using the &man.exec.3;
+ syscall. Some modifications of this syscall were introduced
+ but all serve the same basic purpose. Processes end their
+ lives by calling the &man.exit.2; syscall. Every process is
+ identified by a unique number called PID. Every process has
+ a defined parent (identified by its PID).Thread management
- Traditional &unix; does not define any API nor implementation
- for threading, while &posix; defines its threading API but the
- implementation is undefined. Traditionally there were two ways of
- implementing threads. Handling them as separate processes (1:1
- threading) or envelope the whole thread group in one process and
- managing the threading in userspace (1:N threading). Comparing
- main features of each approach:
+ Traditional &unix; does not define any API nor
+ implementation for threading, while &posix; defines its
+ threading API but the implementation is undefined.
+ Traditionally there were two ways of implementing threads.
+ Handling them as separate processes (1:1 threading) or
+ envelope the whole thread group in one process and managing
+ the threading in userspace (1:N threading). Comparing main
+ features of each approach:1:1 threading
@@ -199,10 +223,11 @@
+ lightweight threads
- + scheduling can be easily altered by the user
+ + scheduling can be easily altered by the
+ user
- - syscalls must be wrapped
+ - syscalls must be wrapped- cannot utilize more than one CPU
@@ -214,24 +239,26 @@
What is &os;?
- The &os; project is one of the oldest open source operating
- systems currently available for daily use. It is a direct descendant
- of the genuine &unix; so it could be claimed that it is a true &unix;
- although licensing issues do not permit that. The start of the project
- dates back to the early 1990's when a crew of fellow BSD users patched
- the 386BSD operating system. Based on this patchkit a new operating
- system arose named &os; for its liberal license. Another group created
- the NetBSD operating system with different goals in mind. We will
- focus on &os;.
+ The &os; project is one of the oldest open source
+ operating systems currently available for daily use. It is a
+ direct descendant of the genuine &unix; so it could be claimed
+ that it is a true &unix; although licensing issues do not
+ permit that. The start of the project dates back to the early
+ 1990's when a crew of fellow BSD users patched the 386BSD
+ operating system. Based on this patchkit a new operating
+ system arose named &os; for its liberal license. Another
+ group created the NetBSD operating system with different goals
+ in mind. We will focus on &os;.
- &os; is a modern &unix;-based operating system with all the
- features of &unix;. Preemptive multitasking, multiuser facilities,
- TCP/IP networking, memory protection, symmetric multiprocessing
- support, virtual memory with merged VM and buffer cache, they are all
- there. One of the interesting and extremely useful features is the
- ability to emulate other &unix;-like operating systems. As of
- December 2006 and 7-CURRENT development, the following
- emulation functionalities are supported:
+ &os; is a modern &unix;-based operating system with all
+ the features of &unix;. Preemptive multitasking, multiuser
+ facilities, TCP/IP networking, memory protection, symmetric
+ multiprocessing support, virtual memory with merged VM and
+ buffer cache, they are all there. One of the interesting and
+ extremely useful features is the ability to emulate other
+ &unix;-like operating systems. As of December 2006 and
+ 7-CURRENT development, the following emulation functionalities
+ are supported:
@@ -241,10 +268,12 @@
&os;/i386 emulation on &os;/ia64
- &linux;-emulation of &linux; operating system on &os;
+ &linux;-emulation of &linux; operating system on
+ &os;
- NDIS-emulation of Windows networking drivers interface
+ NDIS-emulation of Windows networking drivers
+ interfaceNetBSD-emulation of NetBSD operating system
@@ -257,62 +286,70 @@
- Actively developed emulations are the &linux; layer and various
- &os;-on-&os; layers. Others are not supposed to work properly nor
- be usable these days.
+ Actively developed emulations are the &linux; layer and
+ various &os;-on-&os; layers. Others are not supposed to work
+ properly nor be usable these days.Technical details
- &os; is traditional flavor of &unix; in the sense of dividing the
- run of processes into two halves: kernel space and user space run.
- There are two types of process entry to the kernel: a syscall and a
- trap. There is only one way to return. In the subsequent sections
- we will describe the three gates to/from the kernel. The whole
- description applies to the i386 architecture as the Linuxulator
- only exists there but the concept is similar on other architectures.
- The information was taken from [1] and the source code.
+ &os; is traditional flavor of &unix; in the sense of
+ dividing the run of processes into two halves: kernel space
+ and user space run. There are two types of process entry to
+ the kernel: a syscall and a trap. There is only one way to
+ return. In the subsequent sections we will describe the
+ three gates to/from the kernel. The whole description
+ applies to the i386 architecture as the Linuxulator only
+ exists there but the concept is similar on other
+ architectures. The information was taken from [1] and the
+ source code.System entries
- &os; has an abstraction called an execution class loader,
- which is a wedge into the &man.execve.2; syscall. This employs a
- structure sysentvec, which describes an
- executable ABI. It contains things like errno translation table,
- signal translation table, various functions to serve syscall needs
- (stack fixup, coredumping, etc.). Every ABI the &os; kernel wants
- to support must define this structure, as it is used later in the
- syscall processing code and at some other places. System entries
- are handled by trap handlers, where we can access both the
- kernel-space and the user-space at once.
+ &os; has an abstraction called an execution class
+ loader, which is a wedge into the &man.execve.2; syscall.
+ This employs a structure sysentvec,
+ which describes an executable ABI. It contains things
+ like errno translation table, signal translation table,
+ various functions to serve syscall needs (stack fixup,
+ coredumping, etc.). Every ABI the &os; kernel wants to
+ support must define this structure, as it is used later in
+ the syscall processing code and at some other places.
+ System entries are handled by trap handlers, where we can
+ access both the kernel-space and the user-space at
+ once.SyscallsSyscalls on &os; are issued by executing interrupt
- 0x80 with register %eax set
- to a desired syscall number with arguments passed on the stack.
+ 0x80 with register
+ %eax set to a desired syscall number
+ with arguments passed on the stack.
- When a process issues an interrupt 0x80, the
- int0x80 syscall trap handler is issued (defined
- in sys/i386/i386/exception.s), which prepares
- arguments (i.e. copies them on to the stack) for a
- call to a C function &man.syscall.2; (defined in
- sys/i386/i386/trap.c), which processes the
- passed in trapframe. The processing consists of preparing the
- syscall (depending on the sysvec entry),
- determining if the syscall is 32-bit or 64-bit one (changes size
- of the parameters), then the parameters are copied, including the
- syscall. Next, the actual syscall function is executed with
- processing of the return code (special cases for
- ERESTART and EJUSTRETURN
- errors). Finally an userret() is scheduled,
- switching the process back to the users-pace. The parameters to
- the actual syscall handler are passed in the form of
- struct thread *td,
- struct syscall args * arguments where the second
+ When a process issues an interrupt
+ 0x80, the int0x80
+ syscall trap handler is issued (defined in
+ sys/i386/i386/exception.s), which
+ prepares arguments (i.e. copies them on to the stack) for
+ a call to a C function &man.syscall.2; (defined in
+ sys/i386/i386/trap.c), which
+ processes the passed in trapframe. The processing
+ consists of preparing the syscall (depending on the
+ sysvec entry), determining if the
+ syscall is 32-bit or 64-bit one (changes size of the
+ parameters), then the parameters are copied, including the
+ syscall. Next, the actual syscall function is executed
+ with processing of the return code (special cases for
+ ERESTART and
+ EJUSTRETURN errors). Finally an
+ userret() is scheduled, switching the
+ process back to the users-pace. The parameters to the
+ actual syscall handler are passed in the form of
+ struct thread *td, struct
+ syscall args * arguments where the second
parameter is a pointer to the copied in structure of
parameters.
@@ -320,68 +357,76 @@
Traps
- Handling of traps in &os; is similar to the handling of
- syscalls. Whenever a trap occurs, an assembler handler is called.
- It is chosen between alltraps, alltraps with regs pushed or
- calltrap depending on the type of the trap. This handler prepares
- arguments for a call to a C function trap()
- (defined in sys/i386/i386/trap.c), which then
- processes the occurred trap. After the processing it might send a
- signal to the process and/or exit to userland using
- userret().
+ Handling of traps in &os; is similar to the handling
+ of syscalls. Whenever a trap occurs, an assembler handler
+ is called. It is chosen between alltraps, alltraps with
+ regs pushed or calltrap depending on the type of the trap.
+ This handler prepares arguments for a call to a C function
+ trap() (defined in
+ sys/i386/i386/trap.c), which then
+ processes the occurred trap. After the processing it
+ might send a signal to the process and/or exit to userland
+ using userret().Exits
- Exits from kernel to userspace happen using the assembler
- routine doreti regardless of whether the kernel
- was entered via a trap or via a syscall. This restores the program
- status from the stack and returns to the userspace.
+ Exits from kernel to userspace happen using the
+ assembler routine doreti regardless of
+ whether the kernel was entered via a trap or via a
+ syscall. This restores the program status from the stack
+ and returns to the userspace.&unix; primitives
- &os; operating system adheres to the traditional &unix; scheme,
- where every process has a unique identification number, the so
- called PID (Process ID). PID numbers are
+ &os; operating system adheres to the traditional
+ &unix; scheme, where every process has a unique
+ identification number, the so called
+ PID (Process ID). PID numbers are
allocated either linearly or randomly ranging from
- 0 to PID_MAX. The allocation
- of PID numbers is done using linear searching of PID space. Every
- thread in a process receives the same PID number as result of the
- &man.getpid.2; call.
+ 0 to PID_MAX. The
+ allocation of PID numbers is done using linear searching
+ of PID space. Every thread in a process receives the same
+ PID number as result of the &man.getpid.2; call.
- There are currently two ways to implement threading in &os;.
- The first way is M:N threading followed by the 1:1 threading model.
- The default library used is M:N threading
- (libpthread) and you can switch at runtime to
- 1:1 threading (libthr). The plan is to switch
- to 1:1 library by default soon. Although those two libraries use
- the same kernel primitives, they are accessed through different
- API(es). The M:N library uses the kse_* family
- of syscalls while the 1:1 library uses the thr_*
- family of syscalls. Because of this, there is no general concept
- of thread ID shared between kernel and userspace. Of course, both
- threading libraries implement the pthread thread ID API. Every
- kernel thread (as described by struct thread)
- has td tid identifier but this is not directly accessible
- from userland and solely serves the kernel's needs. It is also
- used for 1:1 threading library as pthread's thread ID but handling
- of this is internal to the library and cannot be relied on.
+ There are currently two ways to implement threading in
+ &os;. The first way is M:N threading followed by the 1:1
+ threading model. The default library used is M:N
+ threading (libpthread) and you can
+ switch at runtime to 1:1 threading
+ (libthr). The plan is to switch to 1:1
+ library by default soon. Although those two libraries use
+ the same kernel primitives, they are accessed through
+ different API(es). The M:N library uses the
+ kse_* family of syscalls while the 1:1
+ library uses the thr_* family of
+ syscalls. Because of this, there is no general concept of
+ thread ID shared between kernel and userspace. Of course,
+ both threading libraries implement the pthread thread ID
+ API. Every kernel thread (as described by struct
+ thread) has td tid identifier but this is not
+ directly accessible from userland and solely serves the
+ kernel's needs. It is also used for 1:1 threading library
+ as pthread's thread ID but handling of this is internal to
+ the library and cannot be relied on.
- As stated previously there are two implementations of threading
- in &os;. The M:N library divides the work between kernel space and
- userspace. Thread is an entity that gets scheduled in the kernel
- but it can represent various number of userspace threads.
- M userspace threads get mapped to N kernel threads thus saving
- resources while keeping the ability to exploit multiprocessor
- parallelism. Further information about the implementation can be
- obtained from the man page or [1]. The 1:1 library directly maps a
- userland thread to a kernel thread thus greatly simplifying the
- scheme. None of these designs implement a fairness mechanism (such
- a mechanism was implemented but it was removed recently because it
- caused serious slowdown and made the code more difficult to deal
+ As stated previously there are two implementations of
+ threading in &os;. The M:N library divides the work
+ between kernel space and userspace. Thread is an entity
+ that gets scheduled in the kernel but it can represent
+ various number of userspace threads. M userspace threads
+ get mapped to N kernel threads thus saving resources while
+ keeping the ability to exploit multiprocessor parallelism.
+ Further information about the implementation can be
+ obtained from the man page or [1]. The 1:1 library
+ directly maps a userland thread to a kernel thread thus
+ greatly simplifying the scheme. None of these designs
+ implement a fairness mechanism (such a mechanism was
+ implemented but it was removed recently because it caused
+ serious slowdown and made the code more difficult to deal
with).
@@ -390,64 +435,70 @@
What is &linux;
- &linux; is a &unix;-like kernel originally developed by Linus
- Torvalds, and now being contributed to by a massive crowd of
- programmers all around the world. From its mere beginnings to today,
- with wide support from companies such as IBM or Google, &linux; is
- being associated with its fast development pace, full hardware support
- and benevolent dictator model of organization.
+ &linux; is a &unix;-like kernel originally developed by
+ Linus Torvalds, and now being contributed to by a massive
+ crowd of programmers all around the world. From its mere
+ beginnings to today, with wide support from companies such as
+ IBM or Google, &linux; is being associated with its fast
+ development pace, full hardware support and benevolent
+ dictator model of organization.
- &linux; development started in 1991 as a hobbyist project at
- University of Helsinki in Finland. Since then it has obtained all the
- features of a modern &unix;-like OS: multiprocessing, multiuser
- support, virtual memory, networking, basically everything is there.
- There are also highly advanced features like virtualization etc.
+ &linux; development started in 1991 as a hobbyist project
+ at University of Helsinki in Finland. Since then it has
+ obtained all the features of a modern &unix;-like OS:
+ multiprocessing, multiuser support, virtual memory,
+ networking, basically everything is there. There are also
+ highly advanced features like virtualization etc.
- As of 2006 &linux; seems to be the most widely used open source
- operating system with support from independent software vendors like
- Oracle, RealNetworks, Adobe, etc. Most of the commercial software
- distributed for &linux; can only be obtained in a binary form so
- recompilation for other operating systems is impossible.
+ As of 2006 &linux; seems to be the most widely used open
+ source operating system with support from independent software
+ vendors like Oracle, RealNetworks, Adobe, etc. Most of the
+ commercial software distributed for &linux; can only be
+ obtained in a binary form so recompilation for other operating
+ systems is impossible.Most of the &linux; development happens in a
Git version control system.
- Git is a distributed system so there is
- no central source of the &linux; code, but some branches are considered
- prominent and official. The version number scheme implemented by
- &linux; consists of four numbers A.B.C.D. Currently development
- happens in 2.6.C.D, where C represents major version, where new
- features are added or changed while D is a minor version for bugfixes
- only.
+ Git is a distributed system so
+ there is no central source of the &linux; code, but some
+ branches are considered prominent and official. The version
+ number scheme implemented by &linux; consists of four numbers
+ A.B.C.D. Currently development happens in 2.6.C.D, where C
+ represents major version, where new features are added or
+ changed while D is a minor version for bugfixes only.
More information can be obtained from [3].Technical details
- &linux; follows the traditional &unix; scheme of dividing the run
- of a process in two halves: the kernel and user space. The kernel can
- be entered in two ways: via a trap or via a syscall. The return is
- handled only in one way. The further description applies to
- &linux; 2.6 on the &i386; architecture. This information was
- taken from [2].
+ &linux; follows the traditional &unix; scheme of
+ dividing the run of a process in two halves: the kernel and
+ user space. The kernel can be entered in two ways: via a
+ trap or via a syscall. The return is handled only in one
+ way. The further description applies to &linux; 2.6 on
+ the &i386; architecture. This information was taken from
+ [2].SyscallsSyscalls in &linux; are performed (in userspace) using
- syscallX macros where X substitutes a number
- representing the number of parameters of the given syscall. This
- macro translates to a code that loads %eax
- register with a number of the syscall and executes interrupt
- 0x80. After this syscall return is called,
- which translates negative return values to positive
- errno values and sets res to
- -1 in case of an error. Whenever the interrupt
- 0x80 is called the process enters the kernel in
- system call trap handler. This routine saves all registers on the
- stack and calls the selected syscall entry. Note that the &linux;
- calling convention expects parameters to the syscall to be passed
- via registers as shown here:
+ syscallX macros where X substitutes a
+ number representing the number of parameters of the given
+ syscall. This macro translates to a code that loads
+ %eax register with a number of the
+ syscall and executes interrupt 0x80.
+ After this syscall return is called, which translates
+ negative return values to positive
+ errno values and sets
+ res to -1 in case of
+ an error. Whenever the interrupt 0x80
+ is called the process enters the kernel in system call
+ trap handler. This routine saves all registers on the
+ stack and calls the selected syscall entry. Note that the
+ &linux; calling convention expects parameters to the
+ syscall to be passed via registers as shown here:
@@ -470,53 +521,58 @@
- There are some exceptions to this, where &linux; uses different
- calling convention (most notably the clone
- syscall).
+ There are some exceptions to this, where &linux; uses
+ different calling convention (most notably the
+ clone syscall).TrapsThe trap handlers are introduced in
- arch/i386/kernel/traps.c and most of these
- handlers live in arch/i386/kernel/entry.S,
- where handling of the traps happens.
+ arch/i386/kernel/traps.c and most of
+ these handlers live in
+ arch/i386/kernel/entry.S, where
+ handling of the traps happens.
Exits
- Return from the syscall is managed by syscall &man.exit.3;,
- which checks for the process having unfinished work, then checks
- whether we used user-supplied selectors. If this happens stack
- fixing is applied and finally the registers are restored from the
- stack and the process returns to the userspace.
+ Return from the syscall is managed by syscall
+ &man.exit.3;, which checks for the process having
+ unfinished work, then checks whether we used user-supplied
+ selectors. If this happens stack fixing is applied and
+ finally the registers are restored from the stack and the
+ process returns to the userspace.&unix; primitives
- In the 2.6 version, the &linux; operating system redefined some
- of the traditional &unix; primitives, notably PID, TID and thread.
- PID is defined not to be unique for every process, so for some
- processes (threads) &man.getppid.2; returns the same value. Unique
- identification of process is provided by TID. This is because
- NPTL (New &posix; Thread Library) defines
- threads to be normal processes (so called 1:1 threading). Spawning
- a new process in &linux; 2.6 happens using the
- clone syscall (fork variants are reimplemented using
- it). This clone syscall defines a set of flags that affect
- behavior of the cloning process regarding thread implementation.
- The semantic is a bit fuzzy as there is no single flag telling the
- syscall to create a thread.
+ In the 2.6 version, the &linux; operating system
+ redefined some of the traditional &unix; primitives,
+ notably PID, TID and thread. PID is defined not to be
+ unique for every process, so for some processes (threads)
+ &man.getppid.2; returns the same value. Unique
+ identification of process is provided by TID. This is
+ because NPTL (New &posix; Thread
+ Library) defines threads to be normal processes (so called
+ 1:1 threading). Spawning a new process in
+ &linux; 2.6 happens using the
+ clone syscall (fork variants are
+ reimplemented using it). This clone syscall defines a set
+ of flags that affect behavior of the cloning process
+ regarding thread implementation. The semantic is a bit
+ fuzzy as there is no single flag telling the syscall to
+ create a thread.Implemented clone flags are:
- CLONE_VM - processes share their memory
- space
+ CLONE_VM - processes share
+ their memory spaceCLONE_FS - share umask, cwd and
@@ -527,72 +583,78 @@
files
- CLONE_SIGHAND - share signal handlers
- and blocked signals
+ CLONE_SIGHAND - share signal
+ handlers and blocked signals
- CLONE_PARENT - share parent
+ CLONE_PARENT - share
+ parent
- CLONE_THREAD - be thread (further
- explanation below)
+ CLONE_THREAD - be thread
+ (further explanation below)
- CLONE_NEWNS - new namespace
+ CLONE_NEWNS - new
+ namespaceCLONE_SYSVSEM - share SysV undo
structures
- CLONE_SETTLS - setup TLS at supplied
- address
+ CLONE_SETTLS - setup TLS at
+ supplied address
- CLONE_PARENT_SETTID - set TID in the
- parent
+ CLONE_PARENT_SETTID - set TID
+ in the parent
- CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID - clear TID in the
- child
+ CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID - clear
+ TID in the child
- CLONE_CHILD_SETTID - set TID in the
- child
+ CLONE_CHILD_SETTID - set TID in
+ the child
- CLONE_PARENT sets the real parent to the
- parent of the caller. This is useful for threads because if thread
- A creates thread B we want thread B to be parented to the parent of
- the whole thread group. CLONE_THREAD does
- exactly the same thing as CLONE_PARENT,
- CLONE_VM and CLONE_SIGHAND,
- rewrites PID to be the same as PID of the caller, sets exit signal
- to be none and enters the thread group.
- CLONE_SETTLS sets up GDT entries for TLS
- handling. The CLONE_*_*TID set of flags
- sets/clears user supplied address to TID or 0.
+ CLONE_PARENT sets the real parent
+ to the parent of the caller. This is useful for threads
+ because if thread A creates thread B we want thread B to
+ be parented to the parent of the whole thread group.
+ CLONE_THREAD does exactly the same
+ thing as CLONE_PARENT,
+ CLONE_VM and
+ CLONE_SIGHAND, rewrites PID to be the
+ same as PID of the caller, sets exit signal to be none and
+ enters the thread group. CLONE_SETTLS
+ sets up GDT entries for TLS handling. The
+ CLONE_*_*TID set of flags sets/clears
+ user supplied address to TID or 0.
- As you can see the CLONE_THREAD does most
- of the work and does not seem to fit the scheme very well. The
- original intention is unclear (even for authors, according to
- comments in the code) but I think originally there was one
- threading flag, which was then parcelled among many other flags
- but this separation was never fully finished. It is also unclear
- what this partition is good for as glibc does not use that so only
- hand-written use of the clone permits a programmer to access this
- features.
+ As you can see the CLONE_THREAD
+ does most of the work and does not seem to fit the scheme
+ very well. The original intention is unclear (even for
+ authors, according to comments in the code) but I think
+ originally there was one threading flag, which was then
+ parcelled among many other flags but this separation was
+ never fully finished. It is also unclear what this
+ partition is good for as glibc does not use that so only
+ hand-written use of the clone permits a programmer to
+ access this features.
- For non-threaded programs the PID and TID are the same. For
- threaded programs the first thread PID and TID are the same and
- every created thread shares the same PID and gets assigned a
- unique TID (because CLONE_THREAD is passed in)
- also parent is shared for all processes forming this threaded
+ For non-threaded programs the PID and TID are the
+ same. For threaded programs the first thread PID and TID
+ are the same and every created thread shares the same PID
+ and gets assigned a unique TID (because
+ CLONE_THREAD is passed in) also parent
+ is shared for all processes forming this threaded
program.
- The code that implements &man.pthread.create.3; in NPTL defines
- the clone flags like this:
+ The code that implements &man.pthread.create.3; in
+ NPTL defines the clone flags like this:int clone_flags = (CLONE_VM | CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES | CLONE_SIGNAL
@@ -606,12 +668,13 @@
| 0);
- The CLONE_SIGNAL is defined like
+ The CLONE_SIGNAL is defined
+ like#define CLONE_SIGNAL (CLONE_SIGHAND | CLONE_THREAD)
- the last 0 means no signal is sent when any of the threads
- exits.
+ the last 0 means no signal is sent when any of the
+ threads exits.
@@ -619,71 +682,80 @@
What is emulation
- According to a dictionary definition, emulation is the ability of
- a program or device to imitate another program or device. This is
- achieved by providing the same reaction to a given stimulus as the
- emulated object. In practice, the software world mostly sees three
- types of emulation - a program used to emulate a machine (QEMU, various
- game console emulators etc.), software emulation of a hardware facility
- (OpenGL emulators, floating point units emulation etc.) and operating
- system emulation (either in kernel of the operating system or as a
- userspace program).
+ According to a dictionary definition, emulation is the
+ ability of a program or device to imitate another program or
+ device. This is achieved by providing the same reaction to a
+ given stimulus as the emulated object. In practice, the
+ software world mostly sees three types of emulation - a
+ program used to emulate a machine (QEMU, various game console
+ emulators etc.), software emulation of a hardware facility
+ (OpenGL emulators, floating point units emulation etc.) and
+ operating system emulation (either in kernel of the operating
+ system or as a userspace program).
- Emulation is usually used in a place, where using the original
- component is not feasible nor possible at all. For example someone
- might want to use a program developed for a different operating
- system than they use. Then emulation comes in handy. Sometimes
- there is no other way but to use emulation - e.g. when the hardware
- device you try to use does not exist (yet/anymore) then there is no
- other way but emulation. This happens often when porting an operating
+ Emulation is usually used in a place, where using the
+ original component is not feasible nor possible at all. For
+ example someone might want to use a program developed for a
+ different operating system than they use. Then emulation
+ comes in handy. Sometimes there is no other way but to use
+ emulation - e.g. when the hardware device you try to use does
+ not exist (yet/anymore) then there is no other way but
+ emulation. This happens often when porting an operating
system to a new (non-existent) platform. Sometimes it is just
cheaper to emulate.
- Looking from an implementation point of view, there are two main
- approaches to the implementation of emulation. You can either emulate
- the whole thing - accepting possible inputs of the original object,
- maintaining inner state and emitting correct output based on the state
- and/or input. This kind of emulation does not require any special
- conditions and basically can be implemented anywhere for any
- device/program. The drawback is that implementing such emulation is
- quite difficult, time-consuming and error-prone. In some cases we can
- use a simpler approach. Imagine you want to emulate a printer that
- prints from left to right on a printer that prints from right to left.
- It is obvious that there is no need for a complex emulation layer but
- simply reversing of the printed text is sufficient. Sometimes the
- emulating environment is very similar to the emulated one so just a
- thin layer of some translation is necessary to provide fully working
- emulation! As you can see this is much less demanding to implement,
- so less time-consuming and error-prone than the previous approach. But
- the necessary condition is that the two environments must be similar
*** DIFF OUTPUT TRUNCATED AT 1000 LINES ***
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From: Benedict Reuschling
Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2018 15:31:48 +0000 (UTC)
To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org,
svn-doc-head@freebsd.org
Subject: svn commit: r51905 - head/share/xml
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Author: bcr
Date: Sat Jun 23 15:31:48 2018
New Revision: 51905
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/51905
Log:
Add the Linuxhotel hackathon and BSDCam as two new events.
Modified:
head/share/xml/events2018.xml
Modified: head/share/xml/events2018.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/share/xml/events2018.xml Sat Jun 23 14:55:54 2018 (r51904)
+++ head/share/xml/events2018.xml Sat Jun 23 15:31:48 2018 (r51905)
@@ -94,6 +94,60 @@
around the BSD family of operating systems.
+
+ Essen Hackathon 2018
+ https://wiki.freebsd.org/DevSummit/201808Hackathon
+
+ 2018
+ 08
+ 10
+
+
+ 2018
+ 08
+ 12
+
+
+ Germany
+ Essen
+ Linuxhotel Villa Vogelsang
+
+ A weekend hackathon at the Linuxhotel in Essen,
+ Germany. A great opportunity to fix bugs, commit code, tinker
+ with devices, discuss new ideas, try out new things, and improve
+ FreeBSD.
+
+
+
+ 2018 Cambridge Devsummit (BSDCam)
+ https://bsdcam.cl.cam.ac.uk
+
+ 2018
+ 08
+ 15
+
+
+ 2018
+ 08
+ 17
+
+
+ United Kingdom
+ Cambridge
+ University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory
+
+ An unconference style developer summit with a focus
+ on interactive topics and sessions that reflect the interests of
+ the attendees. The Cambridge devsummit is a slightly longer
+ three-day event without associated conference, letting us hold
+ more extended working groups, brainstorming sessions, and
+ hacking on topics over several days. Past significant focuses
+ have included virtualisation, network performance, sandboxing,
+ tracing/debugging, packages and package security, teaching,
+ non-x86 architectures such as ARM/MIPS/RISC-V, and
+ testing.
+
+
EuroBSDcon 2018https://2018.eurobsdcon.org
@@ -129,6 +183,7 @@
hence greatly welcome students and young people to this regular
meeting.
+
MeetBSD 2018https://www.meetbsd.com/