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Date:      Tue, 28 Sep 1999 10:56:18 -0600
From:      "Ronald G. Minnich" <rminnich@lanl.gov>
To:        freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject:   Re: Netscape Bus Error
Message-ID:  <Pine.SGI.4.10.9909281047290.181652-100000@acl.lanl.gov>
In-Reply-To: <37F0DC3D.7F4A969D@calderasystems.com>

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On Tue, 28 Sep 1999, Darren R. Davis wrote:

> Nate Williams wrote:
> I believe that a Bus Error is specifically referencing miss aligned data vs
> segmentation violation
> (SIGSEGV) which is accessing data that is either free'd or not yours, etc.
> I always thought
> it strange on an Intel processor, since this was more a 68K/RISC thing.

Original meaning, from the original machine: 

Bus error: you got a literal bus error when doing a read or write
operation on the I/O bus. Usually a bus timeout, i.e. you referenced an
address on the bus (well, Unibus back then) and nothing came back in the
timeout period. Nowadays it includes the bus timeout type of thing (which
has a different name on PCI, but same meaning) as well as other things:
for example on SGIs you can get a bus error signal when you use bad
pointer alignment.

Segv: you referenced memory for which you had no mapping. usually a
reference through 0, but also lots of other fun stuff, like trashed return
addresses on the stack. 

Funny but true: in the early days freebsd had the meaning of these
reversed, as did most of the bsds descended from 386bsd. This got fixed in
openbsd first. I don't know if/when freebsd followed suit. Does anyone out
there? I haven't checked lately ...

ron



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