From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 01:53:32 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 65E543F6470 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 01:53:32 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from mx1.riseup.net (mx1.riseup.net [198.252.153.129]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bv9Zz32V4z3YyV for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 01:53:31 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from bell.riseup.net (bell-pn.riseup.net [10.0.1.178]) (using TLSv1 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (not verified)) by mx1.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bv9ZY31h2zFdwh for ; Sat, 19 Sep 2020 18:53:09 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=riseup.net; s=squak; t=1600566808; bh=SmftpqGaKQDUwIQ2NQA2gADumReItefFMUmIsHXdjTU=; h=Date:From:To:Subject:In-Reply-To:References:From; b=AVnZnYw+Tx0q1weg4+vc2EX638UEhz0AVC4VCCdj8q+4BOqIdyybBmjMGp/hsh2Bf 2rmOBlIJyevYgcleThMQefgBt8bFHa5UKhPPS4oIzk+r5fzw4q88exVbB83bu4Pt99 nMM/rxBJJwBUQisASPyrh79OR59Rp1YApFkopjUY= X-Riseup-User-ID: EE7456442BB7724F6215FD665FA2A859304D4885AA3A22BA949E38AAB7292C63 Received: from [127.0.0.1] (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by bell.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 4Bv9ZX5cpnzJn6J for ; Sat, 19 Sep 2020 18:53:08 -0700 (PDT) Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 03:53:10 +0200 From: Ralf Mardorf To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Dual-booting/triple-booting FreeBSD under UEFI Message-ID: <20200920035310.72276666@archlinux> In-Reply-To: <20200919180814.00005391@seibercom.net> References: <20200919180814.00005391@seibercom.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bv9Zz32V4z3YyV X-Spamd-Bar: ---- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=riseup.net header.s=squak header.b=AVnZnYw+; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=riseup.net; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of ralf-mardorf@riseup.net designates 198.252.153.129 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=ralf-mardorf@riseup.net X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-4.39 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[riseup.net:s=squak]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.99)[-0.992]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_GOOD(0.00)[198.252.153.129:from]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; DWL_DNSWL_LOW(-1.00)[riseup.net:dkim]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[riseup.net:+]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[riseup.net,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.72)[-0.717]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.08)[-1.082]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; MID_RHS_NOT_FQDN(0.50)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:16652, ipnet:198.252.153.0/24, country:US]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW(-0.10)[198.252.153.129:from] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 01:53:32 -0000 On Sat, 19 Sep 2020 18:08:14 -0400, Jerry wrote: >https://www.zdnet.com/article/boothole-attack-impacts-windows-and-linux-systems-using-grub2-and-secure-boot/ In the beginning all major distros are using GRUB2... "Currently, GRUB2 is used as the primary bootloader for all major Linux distros" ...and it ends with all distros using it... "The company estimates that every Linux distribution is impacted by this vulnerability, as all use GRUB2 bootloaders" ...Fear, uncertainty, and doubt! Actually Arch Linux is a major distro... https://distrowatch.com/dwres.php?resource=major ...with no default boot loader at all... "In order to boot Arch Linux, a Linux-capable boot loader must be set up." - https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_boot_process How about syslinux? https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Syslinux Btw. I don't understand why somebody wants to boot FreeBSD or Linux with UEFI Secure Boot enabled. As a lot of Linux users I'm using syslinux for a Linux multi-boot desktop PC, giving the choice to boot different major distros. It's probably accurate to claim that most user-friendly (if not all user-friendly) distros default to GRUB2, but likely many, if not all of them provide alternative boot loaders, too. FWIW Arch Linux provides software to audit installed packages against known vulnerabilities, this includes the bootloader packages, too. If a hook doesn't already run the audit tool automatically when updating packages, it alternatively could run by a package manager wrapper script. arch-audit An utility like pkg-audit based on Arch CVE Monitoring Team data pacaudit This package audits installed packages against known vulnerabilities. pkg-audit audit installed packages against known vulnerabilities Actually most, if not all major distros provide information about known vulnerabilities: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_Security_Team#Tracking_and_publishing https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_Security_Team#Other_distributions A business technology news website spreading inaccurate news isn't required to get informed about known vulnerabilities. From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 02:24:15 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A20573F7425 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 02:24:15 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from mx1.riseup.net (mx1.riseup.net [198.252.153.129]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvBGQ5jsQz3bSw for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 02:24:14 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from bell.riseup.net (bell-pn.riseup.net [10.0.1.178]) (using TLSv1 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (not verified)) by mx1.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvBGN70GXzFdqM for ; Sat, 19 Sep 2020 19:24:12 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=riseup.net; s=squak; t=1600568653; bh=7VrFmqYk6EqwaGDAjF91Mfoykyojl4yTyatryuUtpcA=; h=Date:From:To:Subject:In-Reply-To:References:From; b=mKA46YgDK2dsIWiLIaTadtTxqVw1NpB0wlLGShPxSlbo208j82IWFzmtkJSJW8C24 2xJZHrjyiPyufTxFZMTbIcny22b92FtPtMoR2ke7OO0pBTut2L9YIH/N6E199myGgG o2xxHjL+s3OsFHdnaW2yvvxy4XJaENm9/g7YXxdQ= X-Riseup-User-ID: 9E101708724AA3280B98B0985ED4B5CFBF6F9AE51BB148F0655EFDDD8C189D2B Received: from [127.0.0.1] (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by bell.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 4BvBGN2XXhzJn6J for ; Sat, 19 Sep 2020 19:24:12 -0700 (PDT) Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 04:24:14 +0200 From: Ralf Mardorf To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Dual-booting/triple-booting FreeBSD under UEFI Message-ID: <20200920042414.7d396bc1@archlinux> In-Reply-To: <20200920035310.72276666@archlinux> References: <20200919180814.00005391@seibercom.net> <20200920035310.72276666@archlinux> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvBGQ5jsQz3bSw X-Spamd-Bar: ---- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=riseup.net header.s=squak header.b=mKA46YgD; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=riseup.net; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of ralf-mardorf@riseup.net designates 198.252.153.129 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=ralf-mardorf@riseup.net X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-4.38 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[riseup.net:s=squak]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.00)[-0.996]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_GOOD(0.00)[198.252.153.129:from]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; DWL_DNSWL_LOW(-1.00)[riseup.net:dkim]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[riseup.net:+]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[riseup.net,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.72)[-0.717]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.07)[-1.070]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; MID_RHS_NOT_FQDN(0.50)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:16652, ipnet:198.252.153.0/24, country:US]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW(-0.10)[198.252.153.129:from] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 02:24:15 -0000 PS: "Anyway, look for CVE-2020-10713 patches in future changelogs." - https://www.zdnet.com/article/boothole-attack-impacts-windows-and-linux-systems-using-grub2-and-secure-boot/ Probably the most user-friendly and likely less security hardened Linux distro provides this information: "Jesse Michael and Mickey Shkatov discovered that the configuration parser in GRUB2 did not properly exit when errors were discovered, resulting in heap-based buffer overflows. A local attacker could use this to execute arbitrary code and bypass UEFI Secure Boot restrictions. (CVE-2020-10713) [snip] The problem can be corrected by updating your system to the following package versions:" - https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-4432-1 No need to read a changelog or security notices in the first place, this issue is fixed (most likely not only for Ubuntu ;). From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 02:52:39 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6189C3F8F2D for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 02:52:39 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from mx1.riseup.net (mx1.riseup.net [198.252.153.129]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvBvB48ngz3dlT for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 02:52:38 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from bell.riseup.net (bell-pn.riseup.net [10.0.1.178]) (using TLSv1 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (not verified)) by mx1.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvBv91LztzDt13 for ; Sat, 19 Sep 2020 19:52:37 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=riseup.net; s=squak; t=1600570357; bh=nJzEK8BojYhYlgf9vcr6YNc2ogqq0bNjgnWv3aWNWSk=; h=Date:From:To:Subject:In-Reply-To:References:From; b=OiJLT2cmMKhkoLCNrHOrGUc3IiwHkUHGkNU7O00WzUWbkIOlv0Nt1iUoL/MMc88uD m7s2L28qAkTQ0Z5JuXNT2YdRbAEe55d1dIfZ0Vc+6VuAnkqHRJCuZQiOBn+O9wOrSC meFVTjDWaZMVp93fifehlYidlMPrqM+XAjMIQUYM= X-Riseup-User-ID: 2C33D187D842B8039C2EF652E6CFEAD3358EC221C8F694F09CCD874A6B4C910D Received: from [127.0.0.1] (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by bell.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 4BvBv83jcWzJnVs for ; Sat, 19 Sep 2020 19:52:36 -0700 (PDT) Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 04:52:39 +0200 From: Ralf Mardorf To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Dual-booting/triple-booting FreeBSD under UEFI Message-ID: <20200920045239.52e90b96@archlinux> In-Reply-To: <20200920042414.7d396bc1@archlinux> References: <20200919180814.00005391@seibercom.net> <20200920035310.72276666@archlinux> <20200920042414.7d396bc1@archlinux> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvBvB48ngz3dlT X-Spamd-Bar: ---- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=riseup.net header.s=squak header.b=OiJLT2cm; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=riseup.net; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of ralf-mardorf@riseup.net designates 198.252.153.129 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=ralf-mardorf@riseup.net X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-4.39 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[riseup.net:s=squak]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.99)[-0.992]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_GOOD(0.00)[198.252.153.129:from]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; DWL_DNSWL_LOW(-1.00)[riseup.net:dkim]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[riseup.net:+]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[riseup.net,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.72)[-0.722]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.08)[-1.081]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; MID_RHS_NOT_FQDN(0.50)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:16652, ipnet:198.252.153.0/24, country:US]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW(-0.10)[198.252.153.129:from] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 02:52:39 -0000 PPS: This article ( https://www.zdnet.com/article/boothole-attack-impacts-windows-and-linux-sys= tems-using-grub2-and-secure-boot/ ) is from "Catalin Cimpanu for Zero Day | July 29, 2020" The Ubuntu GRUB2 packages were fixed at "29 July 2020" ( https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-4432-1 ). "Eclypsium said it expects patching to take a long while, as fixing bootloader bugs is usually a complex process due to the multitude of components and advanced cryptography involved in the process." - https://www.zdnet.com/article/boothole-attack-impacts-windows-and-linux-sys= tems-using-grub2-and-secure-boot/ "There=E2=80=99s a Hole in the Boot=09 July 29, 2020 / Eclypsium" - https://eclypsium.com/2020/07/29/theres-a-hole-in-the-boot/ IIUC the news are from July 29, 2020 and the issue was fixed in July 29, 2020. Is this a "long time"? I'm even uncertain, if the issue wasn't already fixed, before the "news" was spread by those making a living from spreading FUD and selling snake oil. See https://blackarch.org/tools.html -> http://blog.fefe.de/?ts=3Db6cea88d (unfortunately in German only). From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 07:54:11 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id F1FD03FF165 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 07:54:11 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kuku@kukulies.org) Received: from mail.kukulies.org (mail.kukulies.org [116.203.115.43]) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4BvKb712ZZz4ClG for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 07:54:10 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kuku@kukulies.org) Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by mail.kukulies.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A00FF10276A for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 09:54:04 +0200 (CEST) Received: from mail.kukulies.org ([127.0.0.1]) by localhost (mail.kukulies.org [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id 3UdYnq1FXqAA for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 09:54:04 +0200 (CEST) Received: from christophs-macbook-pro.fritz.box (p57a1fff5.dip0.t-ipconnect.de [87.161.255.245]) by mail.kukulies.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 441DA102769 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 09:54:04 +0200 (CEST) From: Christoph Kukulies Content-Type: multipart/signed; boundary="Apple-Mail=_FB2CF10E-7B3E-4316-9D63-16C621541505"; protocol="application/pkcs7-signature"; micalg=sha-256 Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 13.4 \(3608.120.23.2.1\)) Subject: Virtual disk, vhdx, vhd - is it nothing but a dd dump? Message-Id: <6AC9A1CC-729B-467F-8692-96210FF6F37D@kukulies.org> Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 09:54:03 +0200 To: Ruben via freebsd-questions X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3608.120.23.2.1) X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvKb712ZZz4ClG X-Spamd-Bar: + Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of kuku@kukulies.org has no SPF policy when checking 116.203.115.43) smtp.mailfrom=kuku@kukulies.org X-Spamd-Result: default: False [1.16 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ATTACHMENT(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[4]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_NO_TLS_LAST(0.10)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:24940, ipnet:116.203.0.0/16, country:DE]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[87.161.255.245:received]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.35)[-0.348]; FREEFALL_USER(0.00)[kuku]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; SIGNED_SMIME(-2.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.10)[0.102]; MIME_GOOD(-0.20)[multipart/signed,text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[kukulies.org]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(1.01)[1.009]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+,1:+,2:~]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 07:54:12 -0000 --Apple-Mail=_FB2CF10E-7B3E-4316-9D63-16C621541505 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Sorry for being a bit off topic, but since it refers virtualization an = FreeBSD has VirtualBox, I=E2=80=99m wondering, whether a so called vhd or vhdx file, which can be produced with = virtualization tools like disk2vhd, might be nothing but a raw dump of the disk. Reason behind: I would like to virtualize an HP notebook (an = HP11-e-170eg). Several trials failed (Parallels cloning over network, Hyper-V, p2v Vcenter Converter). Now I thought of at least securing the hard drive once using=20 dd if=3D/dev/sd0 of=3Ddump from a booted FreeBSD stick to an external USB3.0 large disk. Question, whether the dump obtaind that way, can be used as a = virtualization medium. =E2=80=94 Christoph --Apple-Mail=_FB2CF10E-7B3E-4316-9D63-16C621541505 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=smime.p7s Content-Type: application/pkcs7-signature; name=smime.p7s Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 MIAGCSqGSIb3DQEHAqCAMIACAQExDzANBglghkgBZQMEAgEFADCABgkqhkiG9w0BBwEAAKCCCc0w ggSQMIIDeKADAgECAggYVYMhomAL1zANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBmMQswCQYDVQQGEwJERTEzMDEG A1UECgwqREdOIERldXRzY2hlcyBHZXN1bmRoZWl0c25ldHogU2VydmljZSBHbWJIMSIwIAYDVQQD DBlkZ25zZXJ2aWNlIENBIDIgVHlwZSBFOlBOMB4XDTIwMDUxNjE1Mjc1OVoXDTIxMDUxNjE1Mjc1 OVowbzELMAkGA1UEBhMCREUxITAfBgNVBAUTGDQwMDAwMDAwNWVjMDA4ZGQzNzNhZDhlYzEbMBkG A1UEAwwSQ2hyaXN0b3BoIEt1a3VsaWVzMSAwHgYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhFrdWt1QGt1a3VsaWVzLm9y ZzCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAKug1655hQWRmOtGAShZLbMwDtrm7rAH 7p1oPtE/5KpTpJZe8LHPxxvW0EAd2JcLtEhdvAi7smhZ/giJ3IBK7OYmdaCvuQ6MFvJpkmLkQ9TO 4+RLW+PkBk8nFIUe+PQG+VurpWc8pbU4IRsWS3pEUgov9+LF6VtyYBHKD2HZwe46YBwUq7l0EHxc 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freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D206C3D8104 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 08:20:50 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [184.105.128.27]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "www.holgerdanske.com", Issuer "www.holgerdanske.com" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvL9s16ZCz4FK9 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 08:20:48 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 01:20:31 -0700 Subject: Re: Virtual disk, vhdx, vhd - is it nothing but a dd dump? To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <6AC9A1CC-729B-467F-8692-96210FF6F37D@kukulies.org> From: David Christensen Message-ID: Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 01:20:22 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.11.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <6AC9A1CC-729B-467F-8692-96210FF6F37D@kukulies.org> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvL9s16ZCz4FK9 X-Spamd-Bar: +++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com has no SPF policy when checking 184.105.128.27) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [3.53 / 15.00]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.42)[0.424]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.29)[0.287]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.92)[0.921]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[holgerdanske.com]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:184.104.0.0/15, country:US]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 08:20:50 -0000 On 2020-09-20 00:54, Christoph Kukulies wrote: > Sorry for being a bit off topic, but since it refers virtualization an FreeBSD has VirtualBox, I’m wondering, > whether a so called vhd or vhdx file, which can be produced with virtualization tools like disk2vhd, might be nothing but a raw dump > of the disk. > > Reason behind: I would like to virtualize an HP notebook (an HP11-e-170eg). Several trials failed (Parallels cloning over network, > Hyper-V, p2v Vcenter Converter). > > Now I thought of at least securing the hard drive once using > > dd if=/dev/sd0 of=dump > > from a booted FreeBSD stick to an external USB3.0 large disk. > > Question, whether the dump obtaind that way, can be used as a virtualization medium. > > — > Christoph https://html.duckduckgo.com/html?q=virtualbox%20raw%20vdi%20convert https://blog.sleeplessbeastie.eu/2012/04/29/virtualbox-convert-raw-image-to-vdi-and-otherwise/ David From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 14:10:14 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7F84F3E2826 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 14:10:14 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from peter@aboutsupport.com) Received: from mail-lf1-x135.google.com (mail-lf1-x135.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:4864:20::135]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvTx15CGqz4bVP for ; 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RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[aboutsupport.com]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip6:2a00:1450:4000::/36]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[aboutsupport-com.20150623.gappssmtp.com:+]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.40)[-0.401]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2a00:1450:4864:20::135:from]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.05)[-1.046]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2a00:1450::/32, country:US]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 14:10:14 -0000 Hi, I want to setup a few servers(30+) on intranet network and NONE(not even a master server or anything like that) of them having internet access. What is best approach so I can still install ports/packages on demand ? Try to make custom repo similar to Ubuntu/Debian ? What is your advice ? Thank you, Peter From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 14:28:39 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A599A3E2A6F for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 14:28:39 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [212.227.17.10]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass Class 2 CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvVLG20rJz4cDN for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 14:28:38 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([178.5.239.216]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue107 [212.227.15.183]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1MCJzI-1kAcPT3eZW-009MqO; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:28:33 +0200 Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:28:33 +0200 From: Polytropon To: Ralf Mardorf Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Dual-booting/triple-booting FreeBSD under UEFI Message-Id: <20200920162833.433a14ce.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <20200920035310.72276666@archlinux> References: <20200919180814.00005391@seibercom.net> <20200920035310.72276666@archlinux> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:rPkig83iHQgbEhBs6VEZIFUGeeVyV31OYqiqf9qw4qcYnkNCa1/ ZbyA/2jh3CRCCUh9FKDYlmzf+IuoalB4iGvTact21nIaeqCQWnskDkUqL/tgniEeQ2BHgIS L6HbTIsQtBfJChNStS0De7ZAZohP20dCQt1D6Ry7NWhazKnEkoSGfClSBZL3e5y3IPo2MtK rFQ04xXep3Q3Qye/GSKbQ== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:/rAy8HcDoGs=:zN6xhM55GFniROGli5e0ie rFL6KnmHBSGa9lPxINyuUqoBYmMoQXT773tcJk3QbweCEm7R8eoTDsCEoNuxXJKwWByj5KUq7 YzA+mQAL7nRyM/jKwIANr6wmipj+LiwDLX08NQQCj2W8YZY9pixO+coiBHzYSfkWWpXCMem7O q5haSt+N5SrzD7OHLriMiYli2Gj0+oPoHv3hNqBYwgdmNtyViAc+ZtaPOw7ndXWcUcVW1aR1u zvm9qjdOcefbxVSnktF1G90+P2sgyDT950fxqOdiAY6sTovmxXbFmLgC2dEXicFHiEedeg5uI 4h/IuTyUJivvF2i70fqnaGZraAPUc1kAcgG06ANjEIQXFY8uRGB6K893Nevbld/t2oIlA+/0y oujJBisjhpYqR8/xUh/wAjboqCNzNJtu8dBL9iq7lWbE/hNkNcOSS7jFEhCKd860JAqkDjeDn tzfGbZu+sD9Hq9qXXCbLdVdCZkj50H7gAaALHPCOdIsYXf7R0GFRc/l7h67bpQwCpzlswnRSX pxIAizHb0jAMUeoPfSRg81I3tonyZYSsKHw76kj5qq9zyQmftOATc4hapT2EJIA+jDHx2ZkOT 3bMAZ3AhZ6RWkP5KCfK86ee1loZgLK089nhBqr72VAXZyE01W9h8XTA1sIQy5ljnbfMeAmyGM RzNuuZKnkB94eAAZRV9r1Oc+uhX/ZwHAuIbJ3dtknYw0Gvzf9XcdGPdJD0MNB5/gx5+BolxV2 ww8M5GWlTqln84UOZjQr5BkOiApjMhbMokrq3NzO6y5+t3ym61mWVZOv5wwSoKHrioVtpI0N5 jMPqsmrT755KWmFYplsYdnFS/28dlI0zdDVNdZrYi5XVQ4FODY8Z9LQEU7FzM9he6aXIIU5 X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvVLG20rJz4cDN X-Spamd-Bar: ++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 212.227.17.10) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.51 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.06)[-0.056]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[178.5.239.216:received]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:212.227.0.0/16, country:DE]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.58)[-0.584]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.75)[0.749]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[212.227.17.10:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[212.227.17.10:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 14:28:39 -0000 On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 03:53:10 +0200, Ralf Mardorf wrote: > A business technology news website spreading inaccurate news isn't > required to get informed about known vulnerabilities. If they aren't even able to get (or interested in getting) the terminology correct... if I remember correctly, what GRUB does is called a "boot manager" (thing that usually interactively selects from different operating systems to boot, or configures the boot of one operating system, by setting boot parameters or kernel options). GRUB does this even in Linux-only installations. A boot loader can be a standard MBR, without any interactivity, that loads an operating system. This is the typical situation on systems running FreeBSD exclusively. Or is there a different definition or consensus of the words? -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 14:54:59 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CBB3D3E4322 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 14:54:59 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from mx1.riseup.net (mx1.riseup.net [198.252.153.129]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvVwf5jhwz4dVr for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 14:54:58 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from capuchin.riseup.net (capuchin-pn.riseup.net [10.0.1.176]) (using TLSv1 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (not verified)) by mx1.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvVwc6Cg7zFmb0 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 07:54:56 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=riseup.net; s=squak; t=1600613696; bh=huDlLZ5KB6jNM597UzFoo5p8AxE90QIw3T5aeHC0sKc=; h=Date:From:To:Subject:In-Reply-To:References:From; b=jXVGC+uSkjHKkQZ2TMwx0w0NLSLE9AMR8ME3YZll8u2AdbhodwVOgOWejLq7/mN41 3//QtNLm0B0bpdCdMkrkE3azCUQR1PxJ4QLKJTZo0Y27NlBD/ODTQBDn+ffy1vnqIq Sd0EClPQClOAFiT0GFZVA2qGc87+08DakAe7w1e4= X-Riseup-User-ID: 8ADA0C8859D7E7E5DBEC4A4CD6ADFFC838C57BA57A4DE152A12D44D9B8DC233F Received: from [127.0.0.1] (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by capuchin.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 4BvVwc1Y2Lz8sjl for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 07:54:56 -0700 (PDT) Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:54:53 +0200 From: Ralf Mardorf To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Dual-booting/triple-booting FreeBSD under UEFI Message-ID: <20200920165453.78d03bdd@archlinux> In-Reply-To: <20200920162833.433a14ce.freebsd@edvax.de> References: <20200919180814.00005391@seibercom.net> <20200920035310.72276666@archlinux> <20200920162833.433a14ce.freebsd@edvax.de> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvVwf5jhwz4dVr X-Spamd-Bar: ---- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=riseup.net header.s=squak header.b=jXVGC+uS; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=riseup.net; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of ralf-mardorf@riseup.net designates 198.252.153.129 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=ralf-mardorf@riseup.net X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-4.71 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[riseup.net:s=squak]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.99)[-0.993]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_GOOD(0.00)[198.252.153.129:from]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; DWL_DNSWL_LOW(-1.00)[riseup.net:dkim]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[riseup.net:+]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[riseup.net,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-1.04)[-1.042]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.07)[-1.070]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; MID_RHS_NOT_FQDN(0.50)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:16652, ipnet:198.252.153.0/24, country:US]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW(-0.10)[198.252.153.129:from] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 14:54:59 -0000 On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:28:33 +0200, Polytropon wrote: >On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 03:53:10 +0200, Ralf Mardorf wrote: >> A business technology news website spreading inaccurate news isn't >> required to get informed about known vulnerabilities. > >If they aren't even able to get (or interested in getting) the >terminology correct... if I remember correctly, what GRUB does >is called a "boot manager" (thing that usually interactively >selects from different operating systems to boot, or configures >the boot of one operating system, by setting boot parameters or >kernel options). GRUB does this even in Linux-only installations. >A boot loader can be a standard MBR, without any interactivity, >that loads an operating system. This is the typical situation >on systems running FreeBSD exclusively. > >Or is there a different definition or consensus of the words? IMO it's correct to call grub a "boot loader", too. "Boot loader A boot loader is a piece of software started by the firmware (BIOS or UEFI). [snip] A separate boot loader or boot manager can still be used for the purpose of editing kernel parameters before booting." - https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_boot_process#Boot_loader From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 15:11:41 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3E3E33E4D89 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 15:11:41 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [217.72.192.73]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass Class 2 CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvWHv6wcCz4g7X for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 15:11:39 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([178.5.239.216]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue109 [212.227.15.183]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1MqJuP-1ko4kn3dwZ-00nRKt; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 17:11:34 +0200 Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 17:11:34 +0200 From: Polytropon To: Ralf Mardorf Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Dual-booting/triple-booting FreeBSD under UEFI Message-Id: <20200920171134.8140e330.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <20200920165453.78d03bdd@archlinux> References: <20200919180814.00005391@seibercom.net> <20200920035310.72276666@archlinux> <20200920162833.433a14ce.freebsd@edvax.de> <20200920165453.78d03bdd@archlinux> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:0dgotWXMRPFYTIdYIZah4ITYmDiGoCEZ5TpStmgVQteUDkl7UrX xUNx41/3zYDtwlTAj/5AAqRMSyjXeyLIX2hdaGwFMnsgyisZzUExcVtP+s0Bz5vIV44RI/h 7bGmetmyF7wngMET+njUfd4YmA68LwHbfEVRAD5LwB5Lhx8filAtWLik7b3TJ7vdf5ScmIk oHIe/ok67vKtwQa/PZMYA== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:B7AZJCfkA6o=:dFAxLrNH8CfM73WtFwZ7mr 6PWiYPEa+9u8PY+wknL5AkvHgGp1pYNUGiLja6B5DfFU5QsOtioP/HMvTj3YJoEKVUK7GlTEy w/FKriQC9mNuJuobokWDxm+fBWgwcFKai+n7X/wYiY+2qpCKN4PtmvPlczoBycHIke0Xt+Vdm xtQgR2m/BWEebQd5lnYpUxlwWirhKr5GXIVVU46clSHMtDMDrIYRqE3O8FCXJYkR6zVkgmOCb xDRcng5pQ8RBbSsUt6VsvYSRPOgIDbf+dXjcJn2zl2Xn9l7jHA+UMsmlKva5q1nIVQNfaqdYI skuO6Yg+ZmiY6VUxyTbX0yNbOQrbIHNeIkx0URkuxK48hUl8SMeYf3YkNO4l+WPWcVKr6IRkZ vCPrCq/71qCfJ5RAVQ+K7zksysFn1O22rul1eUGqFSgWvpuDyqcXDNrw5nwE3uCZlza5N3oie qa6QxvOd4260wSlLiyQBl9kjstznlwuOgLeG+6OpSIjIIm0MK0l6430qcznCOksUTTFE2Gegq DlGT1yMhcGwZZBy8ohnXKIJWKeUIWlapId2xOYcOpYbDP3c9kkbRms5EObOvX3mKLffJQ6vwP kDMVVTvNZsldPw36/hPIxYtRuXleWSpQzv0CNGGVdbbsw+vctHgFGHmJveObo9yCdiwTPp6Yh 4h8LaoCurSA/Uo0VNQVfoO/10EwUH9TvNVmE8wtwJ3Asi9LBq8dmQaUWMltVPEDYfhSe9HLO5 Fwf4BMhSs5WxtykEtv8m89r3/gMkwcH6VJVNRs1zYF7LKvmHQy5mD0HqlJWrI8JVaeTy8Dfuh BKlc8HRNzT0au7X/PsbGWOie6FrcJ6oIsD7K2FHj6NZKcd55J47mwJ+3RRkNw04h0ylNKwA X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvWHv6wcCz4g7X X-Spamd-Bar: ++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 217.72.192.73) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.43 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.11)[-0.111]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[178.5.239.216:received]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:217.72.192.0/20, country:DE]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.55)[-0.550]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.69)[0.692]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[217.72.192.73:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[217.72.192.73:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 15:11:41 -0000 On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:54:53 +0200, Ralf Mardorf wrote: > On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:28:33 +0200, Polytropon wrote: > >On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 03:53:10 +0200, Ralf Mardorf wrote: > >> A business technology news website spreading inaccurate news isn't > >> required to get informed about known vulnerabilities. > > > >If they aren't even able to get (or interested in getting) the > >terminology correct... if I remember correctly, what GRUB does > >is called a "boot manager" (thing that usually interactively > >selects from different operating systems to boot, or configures > >the boot of one operating system, by setting boot parameters or > >kernel options). GRUB does this even in Linux-only installations. > >A boot loader can be a standard MBR, without any interactivity, > >that loads an operating system. This is the typical situation > >on systems running FreeBSD exclusively. > > > >Or is there a different definition or consensus of the words? > > IMO it's correct to call grub a "boot loader", too. > > "Boot loader > > A boot loader is a piece of software started by the firmware (BIOS or > UEFI). [snip] A separate boot loader or boot manager can still be used > for the purpose of editing kernel parameters before booting." - > https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_boot_process#Boot_loader Okay, so a boot manager is a specific kind of boot loader (subclass). Today I learned. :-) +-------------+ | UEFI / BIOS | +------+------+ | | V +-------------+ | boot loader | = [ standard boot block | interactive boot manager ] +------+------+ | | V ... -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 15:28:01 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 75D1C3E4EF1 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 15:28:01 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from pete@nomadlogic.org) Received: from mail.nomadlogic.org (mail.nomadlogic.org [174.136.98.114]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mail.nomadlogic.org", Issuer "Let's Encrypt Authority X3" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvWfl4JF2z3S6W for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 15:27:59 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from pete@nomadlogic.org) Received: from [192.168.1.159] (cpe-23-243-161-111.socal.res.rr.com [23.243.161.111]) by mail.nomadlogic.org (OpenSMTPD) with ESMTPSA id 977ab494 (TLSv1.3:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256:NO); Sun, 20 Sep 2020 15:27:51 +0000 (UTC) Subject: Re: Offline systems To: Peter , freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <5F6762BE.5000700@aboutsupport.com> From: Pete Wright Message-ID: Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 08:27:53 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; FreeBSD amd64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.12.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <5F6762BE.5000700@aboutsupport.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Content-Language: en-US X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvWfl4JF2z3S6W X-Spamd-Bar: --- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of pete@nomadlogic.org designates 174.136.98.114 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=pete@nomadlogic.org X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-3.01 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.99)[-0.991]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[nomadlogic.org]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.01)[-1.005]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[23.243.161.111:received]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.71)[-0.710]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:25795, ipnet:174.136.96.0/20, country:US]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 15:28:01 -0000 On 9/20/20 7:10 AM, Peter wrote: > Hi, > > I want to setup a few servers(30+) on  intranet network and NONE(not > even a master server or anything like that) of them having internet > access. > > What is best approach so I can still install ports/packages on demand ? > > Try to make custom repo similar to Ubuntu/Debian ? > > What is your advice ? > there is a section on setting up a local cache for pkg repositories here in the handbook: https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/hubs/mirror-howto.html depending on your needs you could create a local cache for your systems based on the quarterly pkg releases.  then use sneaker net to make the cached packages available on your private network. alternatively you can use poudriere (https://www.freshports.org/ports-mgmt/poudriere/) and set that up to build your packages and serve them internally. -pete -- Pete Wright pete@nomadlogic.org @nomadlogicLA From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 16:00:20 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 03DAE3E6563 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:00:20 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from rwmaillists@googlemail.com) Received: from mail-wm1-x32a.google.com (mail-wm1-x32a.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:4864:20::32a]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvXN32jf8z3TWK for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:00:19 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from rwmaillists@googlemail.com) Received: by mail-wm1-x32a.google.com with SMTP id z9so10147647wmk.1 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 09:00:19 -0700 (PDT) X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:date:from:to:subject:message-id:mime-version :content-transfer-encoding; bh=BEZ4IwhVkmjczt90dr498THVhELHmp5Bu7/d6fxnE+0=; b=p18UPw5tt/FiGc9DXLHyp14x9ZhXSDp1uPAq5ZFtenPBxeRdQl5jL8DzoWQ3A3dF21 MTmaqnyMvB3fh8tAff034puXO2Py14OFJ0BSZ+4HYHmEV1S0fPxhnd+azNFvcbQ4w+i3 ngUQAz2rAjB80zPUNvLayRLQYE2HqMM4EYEKKHAkM671w2px8DxOe/RqtAx3JfTH/bM0 PtzoV81sjFW1riBCmGazRAspwMVZQSUuMRCTFO84tVzzsmLOFte7PvilS2ruYKAQ1zou ql/GiWyhovM0LScQ3ETPahfdo5OsapF+fzODQgVG+oNzAbZFpO5NxigYv8Fyvy10RVi0 bUfg== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM533HV8h2XCigf50Txc+PomGQXN8vunrnO3jjjbap/ZVkr+rY/uiB PRpgUDvH0Y0lwUwasUMgVYpn+0fJHf8= X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJxT0CEgQWAZHIeVoZuVgpmGIjUdLxJneSQhAIM1Lf1g5mTpIxwAnaDRKqICcoX31c0v5do0DQ== X-Received: by 2002:a1c:7907:: with SMTP id l7mr25513544wme.89.1600617617052; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 09:00:17 -0700 (PDT) Received: from gumby.homeunix.com ([2.220.21.115]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id c4sm8293963wme.27.2020.09.20.09.00.15 for (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Sun, 20 Sep 2020 09:00:16 -0700 (PDT) Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 17:00:12 +0100 From: RW To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Anyone using getmail6? Message-ID: <20200920170012.24bfdabf@gumby.homeunix.com> X-Mailer: Claws Mail 3.17.5 (GTK+ 2.24.32; amd64-portbld-freebsd12.1) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvXN32jf8z3TWK X-Spamd-Bar: -- X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-2.19 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; FREEMAIL_FROM(0.00)[googlemail.com]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip6:2a00:1450:4000::/36]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[googlemail.com:+]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[googlemail.com,quarantine]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.36)[-0.357]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[2.220.21.115:received]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; FREEMAIL_ENVFROM(0.00)[googlemail.com]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2a00:1450::/32, country:US]; DWL_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[googlemail.com:dkim]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.95)[-0.948]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[googlemail.com:s=20161025]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.88)[-0.880]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2a00:1450:4864:20::32a:from]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:00:20 -0000 Has anyone any experience of using getmail6? I'd like to know if any features are broken and generally how reliable it is. (It's a fork of getmail that uses python 3) From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 17:11:13 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 78E683E7E68 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 17:11:13 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [212.227.126.134]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass Class 2 CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvYxr1DcKz3YNB for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 17:11:11 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([178.5.239.216]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue012 [212.227.15.167]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1N14xe-1kUSEZ1Az4-012Xb0 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 19:11:09 +0200 Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 19:11:08 +0200 From: Polytropon To: FreeBSD Questions Subject: Error message output Message-Id: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:jMNhP4bus/ltHMO3R3ZzDTvjtCO/4n+Lzwpp+3o009YeYMfua1B 7h7Rwv51zlsKTFEcki7iNNn7B5LSFAb96lFbjbUwmljyHBpN/eMmro8eCu37kC4B/mwKe3b PbXoCNp0+JnGYD+zvzGZAW4vziiUJPPlomfWiPzFSEE14lY64NVtOg5x7IETaSa0uNUfSA4 eL8FjIQ1Sj3Gz5kzarZIA== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:87fnvYrQl4o=:3DSG20DJgnaecQRQ1TJsm6 mcXqItybG//FyeMhOXCnp/+7I2+rsCdmNMzXezqq/xRK9xa4zg+vMHxkafw5XFnBWV14rrQgB mm0PSQZzNEWd3Dj/CGGuakTTtAUi6u1V54dR+EyB/7AtS9TlcbAYMmDq1BHx1+wNIlmzn8PWu Tw8/wWsVBcY3dXcRvvAthzjft9mKk1+yajXuhSq7JK9ZQtI6cZgxoSalPhi8PThxL1c+mfaPz jzdv0Cbk3lmxVICJdkJfxujYOC4V0ceu1/esFpVmGRR4p8fgRm3zRRNcLKxDvG6OTP6YTvAnu PqLbvYUj24dXrhyIuOlPghHkLkAKzz6witECrQbNxBvAq3nwN27KpbuPPsEW4GuTpo8uvMTpk o54hg45m5T9OGCXanPkJMUuh79+FkckAdZ1yU+KihQxY0cpSYg9L0fMq7fiv+ZjLohpCJzG1I S9YdX3HUEpdtrNUDOeUevyZV4YgASsTwmuW8FdF17TTtNkihXnCDTYik4E+pvo7NUki2s7kV3 R8g5g76GBR2pPOWEDeMWusZ18KX1+P2l+EkLSD4rno26Iq6dwmjAqGSGnSJYymvJoNCpqJ2f4 cQwGeiq3LjzW0L8wK/RRW1ckvjwM9l8sWZ9vohpLfXFZ5hJz/L+YOJ2vexyuPhAa4mxUGTUTq zA59DRUTHKj7YZ7M8IS0++LvWPB10nnTgE+XJx4jB3jykJbfRdVi+0Gw1luQiheLOxoDxKTCe fK57hK7ASIONUnsLklpFrGd4DmbXWR0l0VUbC6nxzknMkevSdaKTm5y/Co8ndk5/qWRNm3aCh T60qSPNbs1Zxant50Bg8W3d2fmtSkE9Fhj04gs4haTYbEcXlB7acNkv0g6gNRxRskbTidRK X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvYxr1DcKz3YNB X-Spamd-Bar: +++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 212.227.126.134) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [3.55 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[178.5.239.216:received]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:212.227.0.0/16, country:DE]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.02)[0.022]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.15)[0.151]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.98)[0.980]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[212.227.126.134:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[212.227.126.134:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 17:11:13 -0000 I have a general question. Is it still considered useful to output error messages of a script to standard error? Example: if [ something not okay ]; then echo "the error message" > /dev/stderr exit 1 fi While progress messages will per default go to standard output, error messages should be printed to standard error. The reason: If a program is silenced to > /dev/null, error messages will still be visible (no "silent failing"); if a user wants to explicitely mute all messages, > /dev/null 2>&1 has to be specified for the redirection. The judgement if a message is a regular progress message, an information about some slightly problematic case, or a real fatal error depends on the programmer. For example: echo "${FILE] processed, ${RECS} records counted." -> standard output echo "${DIR} already checked, skipping." -> standard output (non-fatal error" echo "${DEV} is read only, aborting." exit 1 -> standard error (fatal error) echo "Cannot start: Input filename missing." usage() exit 1 -> standard error (fatal error) At least that's what I've learned centuries ago. Is that still valid? -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... 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Sun, 20 Sep 2020 17:57:01 +0000 Received: from DB8PR06MB6442.eurprd06.prod.outlook.com (2a01:111:e400:7e0e::43) by VI1EUR04FT005.mail.protection.outlook.com (2a01:111:e400:7e0e::65) with Microsoft SMTP Server (version=TLS1_2, cipher=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384) id 15.20.3391.15 via Frontend Transport; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 17:57:01 +0000 X-IncomingTopHeaderMarker: OriginalChecksum:9BE4C04E09748C33CE21E3FCD1F98C6CAD2BE6076CEBCDCE63FFD1B1031308DC; UpperCasedChecksum:06327F4CB17F8ED974FE77D7DC97903FFC18C60E3C9B36FF90D076F1A9DEACD4; SizeAsReceived:8722; Count:48 Received: from DB8PR06MB6442.eurprd06.prod.outlook.com ([fe80::71dd:33c7:29cb:19ea]) by DB8PR06MB6442.eurprd06.prod.outlook.com ([fe80::71dd:33c7:29cb:19ea%7]) with mapi id 15.20.3391.011; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 17:57:01 +0000 Subject: Re: Error message output To: Polytropon , FreeBSD Questions References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> From: Manish Jain Message-ID: Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 23:26:55 +0530 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; 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FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.23)[0.233]; BAD_REP_POLICIES(0.10)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.96)[0.955]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[45.127.45.49:received]; GREYLIST(0.00)[pass,body]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-Spam: Yes X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 18:11:43 -0000 On 2020-09-20 22:41, Polytropon wrote: > I have a general question. Is it still considered useful to > output error messages of a script to standard error? > > Example: > > if [ something not okay ]; then > echo "the error message" > /dev/stderr > exit 1 > fi > > While progress messages will per default go to standard output, > error messages should be printed to standard error. The reason: > If a program is silenced to > /dev/null, error messages will > still be visible (no "silent failing"); if a user wants to > explicitely mute all messages, > /dev/null 2>&1 has to be > specified for the redirection. The judgement if a message is > a regular progress message, an information about some slightly > problematic case, or a real fatal error depends on the programmer. > For example: > > echo "${FILE] processed, ${RECS} records counted." > -> standard output > > echo "${DIR} already checked, skipping." > -> standard output (non-fatal error" > > echo "${DEV} is read only, aborting." > exit 1 > -> standard error (fatal error) > > echo "Cannot start: Input filename missing." > usage() > exit 1 > -> standard error (fatal error) > > At least that's what I've learned centuries ago. > > Is that still valid? > > Fully valid. Whenever I write any C code, those are the guidelines I adhere to myself. Regards, Manish Jain From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 18:20:11 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A8B5F3E9D10 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 18:20:11 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kudzu@tenebras.com) Received: from mail-lf1-x136.google.com (mail-lf1-x136.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:4864:20::136]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvbTQ3Knlz3cRr for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 18:20:10 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kudzu@tenebras.com) Received: by mail-lf1-x136.google.com with SMTP id u8so11590366lff.1 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 11:20:10 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=tenebras-com.20150623.gappssmtp.com; s=20150623; h=mime-version:references:in-reply-to:from:date:message-id:subject:to :cc; bh=U5m5Oo0AIIYsudcz7YiEL8F+bLvyqJ1E7I8Q0bYNJlQ=; b=pm5+XYo+UDf+pbm/9oAUj94f4JveVbciKASvyos7Jz6GQnup4n/3DNo+LqpaSyJSJd Llb7jZ1ORJkenklI+Ry0Xfl3Xz6qa7gyksP7Y/M4OyfPSuWZaiVdgvAbIzbW22zv2HHF TkxUg00QAAG93E+YbXwRdIr46DNlhdiQCSOxZtTu71eTnduI9YYwXkY2/VYmFDk4n5kf TUsQymNOM4pEbvGl57l+Oh/2nAJ1TiItzIJ4hiopaaKlPljwD8SFfwJxzFibY05dPEBX H5TFCfMlnZ6W/tmV9tUAPT9tJXufbK5NbhAM/pHpR0zk6BNtrvo8CXtUWVu8L7eDW6MX xpBg== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:mime-version:references:in-reply-to:from:date :message-id:subject:to:cc; bh=U5m5Oo0AIIYsudcz7YiEL8F+bLvyqJ1E7I8Q0bYNJlQ=; b=RwqsTSE7CWBVWEkZ3lGq7PmyHbSAs3tGOLGf+dKoAW3sZwum4NHElJATLWrKXGmsFR w3CgxV7G+YJmN/Fpu7x7cr/W8XAPQR8iUNUN5s/9AATD635J0j0JCp3+VcBp+AH7qPHR aOF6oI5OyqpSawlx76OrF5aA0Mucy1rUI7o7Tz9NZgqEKdTQn5d59MckN4VKt4/EJUI2 8FbaK/wg6gxqeXT2hbILQbEBPKoYxvflPWn4RZGnnAzrBbH482TZ4CUyrgS3UIRtnCkg r7WzSyLSaFytISf9CtE4JBFZ+aGrK8pMvo7QojZ14Ts72bIRiZDoHblvt7ZcqcY2KOdr j20A== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM530JTrYk53KXqeHBMx9YC978Qo84zAR2hXSpXQMcfSds1AYNAuyf qupZoXoV46ujvF7CdqEgLJuYfPlrOTkrcKQgY7GiAFO2/4c5RkLX X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJyszYNZH5uW9GbxUHaA0KnS9BlowC4aiwjTcQ5PdYz2zutHzv49cBqwuayFQjJh2n8PmwWLZWg98pXSs+PLRws= X-Received: by 2002:a19:c157:: with SMTP id r84mr13250132lff.34.1600626008332; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 11:20:08 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> From: Michael Sierchio Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 11:19:32 -0700 Message-ID: Subject: Re: Error message output To: Polytropon Cc: FreeBSD Questions X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvbTQ3Knlz3cRr X-Spamd-Bar: -- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=tenebras-com.20150623.gappssmtp.com header.s=20150623 header.b=pm5+XYo+; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of kudzu@tenebras.com has no SPF policy when checking 2a00:1450:4864:20::136) smtp.mailfrom=kudzu@tenebras.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-2.87 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[tenebras-com.20150623.gappssmtp.com:s=20150623]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.01)[-1.007]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.05)[-1.045]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[multipart/alternative,text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[tenebras.com]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[tenebras-com.20150623.gappssmtp.com:+]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2a00:1450:4864:20::136:from]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.52)[-0.521]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+,1:+,2:~]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2a00:1450::/32, country:US]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Content-Filtered-By: Mailman/MimeDel 2.1.33 X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 18:20:11 -0000 If you know something about the error, don't just exit with any return value. *>* man sysexits On Sun, Sep 20, 2020 at 10:11 AM Polytropon wrote: > I have a general question. Is it still considered useful to > output error messages of a script to standard error? > > Example: > > if [ something not okay ]; then > echo "the error message" > /dev/stderr > exit 1 > fi > > While progress messages will per default go to standard output, > error messages should be printed to standard error. The reason: > If a program is silenced to > /dev/null, error messages will > still be visible (no "silent failing"); if a user wants to > explicitely mute all messages, > /dev/null 2>&1 has to be > specified for the redirection. The judgement if a message is > a regular progress message, an information about some slightly > problematic case, or a real fatal error depends on the programmer. > For example: > > echo "${FILE] processed, ${RECS} records counted." > -> standard output > > echo "${DIR} already checked, skipping." > -> standard output (non-fatal error" > > echo "${DEV} is read only, aborting." > exit 1 > -> standard error (fatal error) > > echo "Cannot start: Input filename missing." > usage() > exit 1 > -> standard error (fatal error) > > At least that's what I've learned centuries ago. > > Is that still valid? > > > > -- > Polytropon > Magdeburg, Germany > Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 > Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... > _______________________________________________ > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list > https://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions > To unsubscribe, send any mail to " > freebsd-questions-unsubscribe@freebsd.org" > --=20 "Well," Brahm=C4=81 said, "even after ten thousand explanations, a fool is = no wiser, but an intelligent person requires only two thousand five hundred." - The Mah=C4=81bh=C4=81rata From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 18:28:07 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B56BC3EA25B for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 18:28:07 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [212.227.126.131]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass Class 2 CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvbfZ3SS9z3d2s for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 18:28:06 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([178.5.239.216]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue009 [212.227.15.167]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1Mzz6s-1keK0L0fwc-00x7P4; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 20:28:03 +0200 Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 20:28:02 +0200 From: Polytropon To: Michael Sierchio Cc: FreeBSD Questions Subject: Re: Error message output Message-Id: <20200920202802.a9e95f75.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; 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dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 212.227.126.131) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.23 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.35)[-0.355]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[178.5.239.216:received]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:212.227.0.0/16, country:DE]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.58)[-0.577]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.77)[0.766]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[212.227.126.131:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[212.227.126.131:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 18:28:07 -0000 On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 11:19:32 -0700, Michael Sierchio wrote: > If you know something about the error, don't just exit with any return > value. > > *>* man sysexits Yes, I know about that (and I tend to use it in C programs); my examples simply contained "exit 1" as opposed to explicit or implicit "exit 0" to _at least_ signal to the caller that there was some error. Of course being specific with an error code from sysexits, especially using the nice EX_* values, is convenient from C code, but requires looking them up in the manual in case of a sh script. :-) I fully agree that there is nothing wrong with something like: if [ "$1" = "" ]; then echo "Error: Missing filename." > /dev/stderr exit 64 fi For C code, there are also the values EXIT_SUCCESS and EXIT_FAILURE in stdlib.h with values 0 and 1 respectively, in case sysexits.h should not be available. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Sep 20 19:52:22 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2E38B3EF518 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 19:52:22 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kob6558@gmail.com) Received: from mail-oi1-x230.google.com (mail-oi1-x230.google.com [IPv6:2607:f8b0:4864:20::230]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvdWn01K1z4SL6 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 19:52:20 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kob6558@gmail.com) Received: by mail-oi1-x230.google.com with SMTP id n2so14483050oij.1 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 12:52:20 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=mime-version:references:in-reply-to:from:date:message-id:subject:to :cc; bh=DmGABK00O/EuKXYqE7mvKZVSbIoii3oYzTy6+k/X6o8=; b=l0gxfUPd99bibSMW4uBfMcWSei5IdSutX39bw80kzOFaV/NGfxc5aJhypiljuadJH8 PG6CPPHgPpE1QUw1Dk/QD6YM6vlKDjc05AIXq1YO1a3aARJFz8saWoULEF57ZJC7rn+f XfUmBLEISxwkHoHwThneHfp4RnOb+0Pu0yevhc1pn6oyczzV8X+t/izKCYQVy8TxvAsh UjdPiOWknpPmd6JffsYr1cm0OK4u0L5l4Iop1uLWZWW+AShO75qQdkNSmcLp0hQQ3sYB x6qySCa2ANnI9Q+bxEnFlLVrfRmEHQbMts3RGa+Inb0YypVGMeJjsLQuRnq6VZ//Epw5 BSAw== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:mime-version:references:in-reply-to:from:date :message-id:subject:to:cc; bh=DmGABK00O/EuKXYqE7mvKZVSbIoii3oYzTy6+k/X6o8=; b=k+47hja28qzH0avTK6yGEbUv76ZHT7iiAgA4AV8tUasOk3AqQbHJywUkqyaIL/6Lzj Y5gaPw/V96Z6EXEnVoVAsqKAj42zMLEcg4sMVp4GFJUun1SkuQlwtIilRc+O/Aw7qNko 8dwzsXd4NfuTj0tXEHtvJJbCDLxjWZI19YsSDfvN/KC+oAJH+Y9kK1rQy2tV179bnfcD w1LEuoXXfYfhKevR70514/cFR05Z9/CIGksUlwrQpXzHuoPm68kY/4aO2dO7NmotvjQY MlKBfCua5kltr5lqd7szwm010gevM35kKC+xe9MybKRhMdTq3K7gl/bu/FmZuK/fPFiG 9HTw== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM531Jz7WmntZdTOIE24lufr98fdlCVryvJSCSZ57H2SmZMzHkQSay 8MvWcm2fTcMNjIZRDRifBPTNb7LROI9BXe6u9jMsV9r+E3sWJg== X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJyGp1a+lOQlqAwog4WZFog5/h3cTEL4h6HWBbJ6l+jKq43LDuZZan/1j7MKiJrrZuIA65Da1OwNlXv3vEbR2K0= X-Received: by 2002:aca:48cc:: with SMTP id v195mr16355169oia.57.1600631073729; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 12:44:33 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: In-Reply-To: From: Kevin Oberman Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 12:44:17 -0700 Message-ID: Subject: Re: Create new geli file system using existing key To: David Christensen Cc: "freebsd-questions@freebsd.org" X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvdWn01K1z4SL6 X-Spamd-Bar: ++++++++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=gmail.com header.s=20161025 header.b=l0gxfUPd; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=gmail.com; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of kob6558@gmail.com designates 2607:f8b0:4864:20::230 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=kob6558@gmail.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [8.97 / 15.00]; TO_DN_EQ_ADDR_SOME(0.00)[]; GREYLIST(0.00)[pass,body]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(0.00)[+ip6:2607:f8b0:4000::/36:c]; FREEMAIL_FROM(0.00)[gmail.com]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[gmail.com:+]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(0.00)[gmail.com,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.43)[-0.430]; FORGED_SENDER(0.30)[rkoberman@gmail.com,kob6558@gmail.com]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+,1:+,2:~]; FREEMAIL_ENVFROM(0.00)[gmail.com]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2607:f8b0::/32, country:US]; FROM_NEQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[rkoberman@gmail.com,kob6558@gmail.com]; DWL_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[gmail.com:dkim]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(0.00)[gmail.com:s=20161025]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[multipart/alternative,text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.67)[0.673]; BAD_REP_POLICIES(0.10)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.93)[0.928]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2607:f8b0:4864:20::230:from]; URIBL_BLACK(7.50)[holgerdanske.com:email]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-Spam: Yes Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" X-Content-Filtered-By: Mailman/MimeDel 2.1.33 X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 19:52:22 -0000 After thinking about this a bit longer, it's not really hard to do what I need to do using the resize command. More significantly, I really don't need to do this. Quick explanation of why this would be "helpful". I backup using rsync to a USB disk. I simply attach and mount the USB partition and fire up the synchronization (with a number of options and exceptions). It's convenient to have a single key file on thumb drive (geli attach -d -k/media/keys/FILENAME) with that command as an alias so I just type "gattach /dev/gpt/PARTITION". Hey, I'm lazy. A keystroke saved is a keystroke earned! I plan to change the alias to a very short script to pick the correct key for the operating and backup partitions. What I type won't change. -- Kevin Oberman, Part time kid herder and retired Network Engineer E-mail: rkoberman@gmail.com PGP Fingerprint: D03FB98AFA78E3B78C1694B318AB39EF1B055683 On Fri, Sep 18, 2020 at 9:07 PM David Christensen wrote: > On 2020-09-18 15:43, Kevin Oberman wrote: > > I suspect the answer to this is "you can't" and I can understand some > > strong arguments against it, but I have a case where it would be handy > and > > not a security risk. > > > > Can I initialize a GELI partition using the same key I am currently using > > for teh file system it is replacing? I am moving to a new computer and > > would love to keep the key (not pass phrase) I am currently using as it > > will greatly simplify my backup procedure. > > > > I could dd copy the existing raw, encrypted partition, but my new system > > has a larger disk and dd of a partition results in the partition being > > resized to match the source partition size. > > -- > > Kevin Oberman, Part time kid herder and retired Network Engineer > > E-mail: rkoberman@gmail.com > > PGP Fingerprint: D03FB98AFA78E3B78C1694B318AB39EF1B055683 > > If by "key" you mean the GELI metadata, perhaps 'geli backup...' on the > old provider and 'gpart create...', 'gpart add...', 'geli restore...', > 'geli resize...', 'geli setkey...', and 'geli delkey...' on the new > disk would meet your needs (?). But, I would caution against installing > both disks into the same system. > > > I am curious -- how does having the same GELI metadata simplify your > backup procedure? > > > David > _______________________________________________ > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list > https://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions > To unsubscribe, send any mail to " > freebsd-questions-unsubscribe@freebsd.org" > From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 05:12:27 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2ADF53E5468 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 05:12:27 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [184.105.128.27]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "www.holgerdanske.com", Issuer "www.holgerdanske.com" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bvsy21hFjz3V0s for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 05:12:26 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:12:24 -0700 Subject: Re: Error message output To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> From: David Christensen Message-ID: <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:12:24 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.11.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bvsy21hFjz3V0s X-Spamd-Bar: +++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com has no SPF policy when checking 184.105.128.27) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [3.10 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.93)[0.929]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.54)[0.540]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.74)[0.736]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[holgerdanske.com]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:184.104.0.0/15, country:US]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 05:12:27 -0000 On 2020-09-20 10:11, Polytropon wrote: > I have a general question. Is it still considered useful to > output error messages of a script to standard error? > > Example: > > if [ something not okay ]; then > echo "the error message" > /dev/stderr > exit 1 > fi > > While progress messages will per default go to standard output, > error messages should be printed to standard error. The reason: > If a program is silenced to > /dev/null, error messages will > still be visible (no "silent failing"); if a user wants to > explicitely mute all messages, > /dev/null 2>&1 has to be > specified for the redirection. The judgement if a message is > a regular progress message, an information about some slightly > problematic case, or a real fatal error depends on the programmer. I have been migrating my programming style towards a data flow paradigm, which includes "command-line filters". So, an "ideal" command-line program or script would: * Use stdin for the input data. * Use stdout for the output data. * Use configuration files, command-line options and arguments, received signals and direct tty reads for out-of-band/ non-data input. * Use stderr, log files, and the exit value for out-of-band/ non-data output. This model doesn't work for all programs, but it is nice when it does. A mouse and/or graphical environment adds even more possibilities. > For example: > > echo "${FILE] processed, ${RECS} records counted." > -> standard output If the above message represents the output data of the program, I would send it to stdout -- wc(1), for example. Otherwise, I would send it to stderr -- dd(1), for example. In the latter case, the message might be enabled or disabled by a configuration file setting and/or command-line option. > echo "${DIR} already checked, skipping." > -> standard output (non-fatal error" As above. > echo "${DEV} is read only, aborting." > exit 1 > -> standard error (fatal error) Yes, but don't you need to redirect echo(1) output to stderr? echo "writing to stderr" >&2 In some cases, it could be useful to print a warning to stderr and prompt the user to retry; again per configuration settings/ options. > echo "Cannot start: Input filename missing." > usage() > exit 1 > -> standard error (fatal error) As above. > At least that's what I've learned centuries ago. > > Is that still valid? As the author of a program, you decide what is valid. David From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 05:13:27 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D4C023E566E for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 05:13:27 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kob6558@gmail.com) Received: from mail-ot1-x342.google.com (mail-ot1-x342.google.com [IPv6:2607:f8b0:4864:20::342]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvszC2lYfz3VDs for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 05:13:27 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kob6558@gmail.com) Received: by mail-ot1-x342.google.com with SMTP id a2so11214818otr.11 for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:13:27 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=mime-version:references:in-reply-to:from:date:message-id:subject:to :cc; bh=P4ETM1Rk6rpZchgDTUeCBBVU7RknTqgdamOAYS8IvmQ=; b=O57ZOBVkOVNI/+npyIbyfPbmGYEz3Xbk5M4Fq3ijzFOkhhOrqECxaG/0T5Vpm4K24K ldOL5Tg6X6BCZEqt2/KUrQrg46uePmr6m9A99tw0ISqFry2czXp6mMgv/ar+xgP9YlIf JD2C8OB8nRmXVJhWkSiA0mJcMXNDSJRkLP3x+o4eUIcWa6GTJn0zqEXFekYkdk/uKZik 7EDxT5jRYuNA0VWwIZtQl2AgqSV4gXQJ4Guu+J81aGPxFNOD3uNSLnw5I0x0+DTSTiuN rSQSnzBJUHdMfb8CbbRqM0vSzxik3UiN+c4IpeTPIImziNY3KrtT2Ve4RL7wLXZW4w2z RljA== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:mime-version:references:in-reply-to:from:date :message-id:subject:to:cc; bh=P4ETM1Rk6rpZchgDTUeCBBVU7RknTqgdamOAYS8IvmQ=; b=saGzJZxbjXaM6pdVW8aN1WdhCUZQv2cJSDd/2sbjID37CiTNhkvyQuYCvyKHXVZ6mX k1N7op3l0w8viddIEeS5DBPpGRglMCCHeEoB1YA5NSm+XMDcsUeoEStBLPewn0C1XkaE 5CYIcbH0sj2r5Cen+d6+cuImfVOfMr8nKYqvELA3uZmONT3i8Wv++IigXl0dy6ifkK1r mIlOC9Nu0wA/ZKk+ogbRpMGZy9LL6v5JL1PZ2CMf5BSy72+RqvF/dhpPkvxXT3zEyQqN yZ4UsKj6nNl8Fv2epfRgvdGUi7RJFXSav4RSvnZusncgEt8ZKFRHa9x8mbrWANu6JVSN E/cQ== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM531xxVOLNHBSKZRQA36zpUTJo6A8D/iK3Yre98AMBh/IBcxQ5k4C lWFF6gUepD90jO2hVYzF8rWsYfQIqvX6nQRtRm4SoMJcyUw= X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJzUhRsp8mF7KkVYJ/r0Z78D++Q2QdJRW3zwteAXVhYgmEcSMrX61BWsZVss3ipSzDn8zj2EZWLGu+segCNUnvM= X-Received: by 2002:a05:6830:30a6:: with SMTP id g6mr15387500ots.199.1600665206380; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:13:26 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: <20200919180814.00005391@seibercom.net> <20200920035310.72276666@archlinux> <20200920162833.433a14ce.freebsd@edvax.de> <20200920165453.78d03bdd@archlinux> <20200920171134.8140e330.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <20200920171134.8140e330.freebsd@edvax.de> From: Kevin Oberman Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:13:10 -0700 Message-ID: Subject: Re: Dual-booting/triple-booting FreeBSD under UEFI To: Polytropon Cc: Ralf Mardorf , "freebsd-questions@freebsd.org" X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvszC2lYfz3VDs X-Spamd-Bar: --- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=gmail.com header.s=20161025 header.b=O57ZOBVk; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=gmail.com; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of kob6558@gmail.com designates 2607:f8b0:4864:20::342 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=kob6558@gmail.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-3.22 / 15.00]; TO_DN_EQ_ADDR_SOME(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip6:2607:f8b0:4000::/36:c]; FREEMAIL_FROM(0.00)[gmail.com]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[gmail.com:+]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[gmail.com,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.49)[-0.488]; FORGED_SENDER(0.30)[rkoberman@gmail.com,kob6558@gmail.com]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+,1:+,2:~]; FREEMAIL_ENVFROM(0.00)[gmail.com]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2607:f8b0::/32, country:US]; FROM_NEQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[rkoberman@gmail.com,kob6558@gmail.com]; DWL_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[gmail.com:dkim]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.01)[-1.013]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[gmail.com:s=20161025]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.02)[-1.020]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[multipart/alternative,text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2607:f8b0:4864:20::342:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" X-Content-Filtered-By: Mailman/MimeDel 2.1.33 X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 05:13:27 -0000 I would strongly urge that you look at rEFInd. It has a nice interface, boot most any OS, and is pretty easy to set up. You can find a nice set of instructions at https://gist.github.com/zeising/5d2402d92b4cf421c7402d663b2d9e41#file-gistfile1-txt The author is not a native English speaker, so the syntax is not quite perfect, but it really is clear and simple. -- Kevin Oberman, Part time kid herder and retired Network Engineer E-mail: rkoberman@gmail.com PGP Fingerprint: D03FB98AFA78E3B78C1694B318AB39EF1B055683 On Sun, Sep 20, 2020 at 8:11 AM Polytropon wrote: > On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:54:53 +0200, Ralf Mardorf wrote: > > On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 16:28:33 +0200, Polytropon wrote: > > >On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 03:53:10 +0200, Ralf Mardorf wrote: > > >> A business technology news website spreading inaccurate news isn't > > >> required to get informed about known vulnerabilities. > > > > > >If they aren't even able to get (or interested in getting) the > > >terminology correct... if I remember correctly, what GRUB does > > >is called a "boot manager" (thing that usually interactively > > >selects from different operating systems to boot, or configures > > >the boot of one operating system, by setting boot parameters or > > >kernel options). GRUB does this even in Linux-only installations. > > >A boot loader can be a standard MBR, without any interactivity, > > >that loads an operating system. This is the typical situation > > >on systems running FreeBSD exclusively. > > > > > >Or is there a different definition or consensus of the words? > > > > IMO it's correct to call grub a "boot loader", too. > > > > "Boot loader > > > > A boot loader is a piece of software started by the firmware (BIOS or > > UEFI). [snip] A separate boot loader or boot manager can still be used > > for the purpose of editing kernel parameters before booting." - > > https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_boot_process#Boot_loader > > Okay, so a boot manager is a specific kind of boot loader > (subclass). Today I learned. :-) > > +-------------+ > | UEFI / BIOS | > +------+------+ > | > | > V > +-------------+ > | boot loader | = [ standard boot block | interactive boot manager ] > +------+------+ > | > | > V > ... > > > -- > Polytropon > Magdeburg, Germany > Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 > Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... > _______________________________________________ > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list > https://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions > To unsubscribe, send any mail to " > freebsd-questions-unsubscribe@freebsd.org" > From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 05:55:20 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CF3FE3E692E for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 05:55:20 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [IPv6:2001:470:0:19b::b869:801b]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "www.holgerdanske.com", Issuer "www.holgerdanske.com" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BvtvW6bd8z3WRJ for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 05:55:19 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:55:11 -0700 Subject: Re: Create new geli file system using existing key To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: From: David Christensen Message-ID: Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:55:11 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.11.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BvtvW6bd8z3WRJ X-Spamd-Bar: +++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com has no SPF policy when checking 2001:470:0:19b::b869:801b) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [3.11 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.93)[0.929]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.54)[0.543]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.74)[0.741]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[holgerdanske.com]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:2001:470::/32, country:US]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 05:55:20 -0000 On 2020-09-20 12:44, Kevin Oberman wrote: > After thinking about this a bit longer, it's not really hard to do what I > need to do using the resize command. More significantly, I really don't > need to do this. > > Quick explanation of why this would be "helpful". I backup using rsync to a > USB disk. I simply attach and mount the USB partition and fire up the > synchronization (with a number of options and exceptions). It's convenient > to have a single key file on thumb drive (geli attach -d > -k/media/keys/FILENAME) with that command as an alias so I just type > "gattach /dev/gpt/PARTITION". Hey, I'm lazy. A keystroke saved is a > keystroke earned! > > I plan to change the alias to a very short script to pick the correct key > for the operating and backup partitions. What I type won't change. So, your backup media is USB hard disk drives, each drive has a GELI provider (containing a filesystem), the GELI keyfile is on a USB flash drive, and you have a script "gattach" that attaches the backup disk GELI providers using the keyfile (?). I do not believe you need (or want) to have identical GELI metadata on the USB hard disk drives. I believe you just need to specify the same keyfile when you create each GELI provider. Also, I also do not believe you need to resize. When you provision a device as backup media, partition it to use all or most of the available space, create a GELI provider using the keyfile on the USB flash drive and a passphrase you have memorized, attach the GELI provider, and create a filesystem. Done this way, connecting multiple backup drives, attaching multiple backup GELI containers, and mounting multiple backup filesystems at the same time should not be a problem. I presume you have (encrypted) backups of the keyfile (!). Alternatively, GELI has two "slots" and you can put a (strong) passphrase alone into the second slot. That way, if you lose everything except one backup drive and the second passphrase, you can still recover. David From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 08:09:49 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 904F63E9BF0 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 08:09:49 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from 4250.82.1d4c50000597a92.cd180d80f8a7d32198de8b342bc83d36@email-od.com) Received: from s1-b0c6.socketlabs.email-od.com (s1-b0c6.socketlabs.email-od.com [142.0.176.198]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client did not present a certificate) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bvxtg6tfyz3dwd for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 08:09:47 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from 4250.82.1d4c50000597a92.cd180d80f8a7d32198de8b342bc83d36@email-od.com) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=email-od.com;i=@email-od.com;s=dkim; c=relaxed/relaxed; q=dns/txt; t=1600675788; x=1603267788; h=content-transfer-encoding:content-type:mime-version:references:in-reply-to:message-id:subject:to:from:date:x-thread-info; bh=LDZFFKPso3yTZVXJyb6t6jIIBtxUcVRf4MO5isLiaCg=; b=EWrXnzXotqiUOx2qyb1kmCxf60+j3OfEa0h/QAfUCzn7kheWShuMr+Uvrnk25Mvt18oy0mvnFlbwvDtXaiZ5iMVPNKvkGlspQ2NT/UWVEFf1zqYCWKwvAfce3HvNO5cKEORZbrKCPfGfhwG7u3EwNqeL5FpkqN71dCkhVyhpKSE= X-Thread-Info: NDI1MC45Mi4xZDRjNTAwMDA1OTdhOTIuZnJlZWJzZC1xdWVzdGlvbnM9ZnJlZWJzZC5vcmc= Received: from r1.us-east-2.aws.in.socketlabs.com (r1.us-east-2.aws.in.socketlabs.com [142.0.189.1]) by mxsg2.email-od.com with ESMTP(version=Tls12 cipher=Aes256 bits=256); Mon, 21 Sep 2020 04:09:39 -0400 Received: from smtp.lan.sohara.org (EMTPY [185.202.17.215]) by r1.us-east-2.aws.in.socketlabs.com with ESMTP(version=Tls12 cipher=Aes256 bits=256); Mon, 21 Sep 2020 04:09:39 -0400 Received: from [192.168.63.1] (helo=steve.lan.sohara.org) by smtp.lan.sohara.org with smtp (Exim 4.94 (FreeBSD)) (envelope-from ) id 1kKGtF-000N3n-Fi for freebsd-questions@freebsd.org; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 09:09:37 +0100 Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 09:09:37 +0100 From: Steve O'Hara-Smith To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Error message output Message-Id: <20200921090937.fc1fbed5bdcd9615d77ea8f4@sohara.org> In-Reply-To: <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.7.0 (GTK+ 2.24.32; amd64-portbld-freebsd12.0) X-Clacks-Overhead: "GNU Terry Pratchett" Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bvxtg6tfyz3dwd X-Spamd-Bar: -- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=email-od.com header.s=dkim header.b=EWrXnzXo; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of 4250.82.1d4c50000597a92.cd180d80f8a7d32198de8b342bc83d36@email-od.com designates 142.0.176.198 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=4250.82.1d4c50000597a92.cd180d80f8a7d32198de8b342bc83d36@email-od.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-2.92 / 15.00]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[email-od.com:s=dkim]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.04)[-1.038]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_GOOD(0.00)[142.0.176.198:from]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[sohara.org]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.00)[-0.999]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[4]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip4:142.0.176.0/20]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[email-od.com:+]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-1.18)[-1.181]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[142.0.176.198:from]; FORGED_SENDER(0.30)[steve@sohara.org,4250.82.1d4c50000597a92.cd180d80f8a7d32198de8b342bc83d36@email-od.com]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:7381, ipnet:142.0.176.0/22, country:US]; FROM_NEQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[steve@sohara.org,4250.82.1d4c50000597a92.cd180d80f8a7d32198de8b342bc83d36@email-od.com]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 08:09:49 -0000 On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:12:24 -0700 David Christensen wrote: > I have been migrating my programming style towards a data flow paradigm, > which includes "command-line filters". So, an "ideal" command-line > program or script would: > > * Use stdin for the input data. > > * Use stdout for the output data. > > * Use configuration files, command-line options and arguments, received > signals and direct tty reads for out-of-band/ non-data input. This is where the standard set of unix devices is lacking, I have long thought that there should be a stdctl then stdin/stdout are data flow and stdtctl/stderr are control flow. > * Use stderr, log files, and the exit value for out-of-band/ non-data > output. -- Steve O'Hara-Smith From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 08:17:18 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id C6CD33EA220 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 08:17:18 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from tomek@cedro.info) Received: from mail-wm1-x331.google.com (mail-wm1-x331.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:4864:20::331]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bvy3K6xN3z3fq0 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 08:17:17 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from tomek@cedro.info) Received: by mail-wm1-x331.google.com with SMTP id s13so11186610wmh.4 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 01:17:17 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=cedro.info; s=google; h=mime-version:references:in-reply-to:from:date:message-id:subject:to :cc; bh=X/cvJgzaFx1fnKaMmQ5NDeClx4ET2aV2YNt6aOGmlDQ=; b=CBciC1zPJoGPfczU7z2fQ3IFe3ANJ58m24Yyq3NgUqiCaNZL7DqZ36PUzP+rGceTyc 76897DDoMMFA0ifWEiIeMeqXzezsB9T+i+RAFJXuNcFXhGua3ssQ7c+i9/Xp/0VPyKk1 mGWXkiVLQNvDm80SlXKaNxwD5mPNVPmfgZaN+/KqCUrDbSx1oXWvAbIYASdZcp+rPUvL IlRTON0Ah0CteiMh0XlcG4AgUja0VtFSseR4Wn/r0aeKOpqPqqhcEBQB7yiFsU1GJI9b VCOwF9G+ZjcvF44KumpVQWMWmx9Ooj77eCBgKPTE6f8M+6TuV1iFhVLtjwtH4T1MKvnX WH4Q== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:mime-version:references:in-reply-to:from:date :message-id:subject:to:cc; bh=X/cvJgzaFx1fnKaMmQ5NDeClx4ET2aV2YNt6aOGmlDQ=; b=tH5CctriDaxLMQMP3R/17B9KksDE0p+UO9AaVd29eFdXZ32x56L1ld9jpjJv5YhMHe X1jVPIw52bC2c7u8hYBukmmVJgIEwqVZwycNhldPl4pBgx/ndqG/L4bcOoKLi43WNI4S KytA7WQQvNDhkfAVpFuCheb7+b+yx6dDEmUE8Rk/HYJRNhMeCovK+12cNDW7MKDA9vD8 B6/qCPC3BVxbbIr738Lcs/JIg4QnBxhKNs0FfXEVIT531WtTll5QwzpJ20GoHeXmuPD8 XI3cl/1ByC40MTAYHIfMgwo0pyZgmkvm21xb9U+JWKyKNlywVGtYLdfA6ixSB+0inuAw tgNg== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM533gwtor+XhpeDzJGYEpxsZ8xPac3B4vh6WD18REYOVfvCTHjPG4 qdsUz5betA039U/2+7GmggS6TIQ0aAXgLT6TaGdHOhBPTC8= X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJxoNaPmIUqFU/coNHB9bGQ7KcKuZp63N7+A4ROOj4t21KRowvX7coNE54GWtdgDzxKZSXf+ZCPyBbYuudTmg9w= X-Received: by 2002:a7b:c0ca:: with SMTP id s10mr28791000wmh.103.1600676235141; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 01:17:15 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: In-Reply-To: From: Tomasz CEDRO Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 10:17:03 +0200 Message-ID: Subject: Re: Dual-booting/triple-booting FreeBSD under UEFI To: Manish Jain Cc: FreeBSD Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bvy3K6xN3z3fq0 X-Spamd-Bar: -- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=cedro.info header.s=google header.b=CBciC1zP; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of tomek@cedro.info has no SPF policy when checking 2a00:1450:4864:20::331) smtp.mailfrom=tomek@cedro.info X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-2.53 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[cedro.info:s=google]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.93)[-0.933]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.03)[-1.027]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[cedro.info]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[cedro.info:+]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2a00:1450:4864:20::331:from]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.27)[-0.266]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FREEMAIL_TO(0.00)[hotmail.com]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2a00:1450::/32, country:US]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 08:17:18 -0000 Hello world :-) I have problem booting UEFI at all with FreeBSD setup on a laptop. After default install of FreeBSD, Windoze or Linux it worked. I have upgraded the disk (0.25->2TB) and moved data to a drive where I did all partition setup by hand and the UEFI does not work I need to use MBR boot mode :-) Maybe you had a similar issue and may have some hints :-) The EFI partition is 200MB, it is first on the GPT disk: 1. Name: ada0p1 Mediasize: 209715200 (200M) Sectorsize: 512 Stripesize: 0 Stripeoffset: 20480 Mode: r0w0e0 efimedia: HD(1,GPT,d47c7d45-ea1c-11e9-980e-20c6eb8f5dee,0x28,0x64000) rawuuid: d47c7d45-ea1c-11e9-980e-20c6eb8f5dee rawtype: c12a7328-f81f-11d2-ba4b-00a0c93ec93b attrib: bootme label: EFISYS length: 209715200 offset: 20480 type: efi index: 1 end: 409639 start: 40 Then I have small FreeBSD MBR bootloader partition: 2. Name: ada0p2 Mediasize: 524288 (512K) Sectorsize: 512 Stripesize: 0 Stripeoffset: 209735680 Mode: r0w0e0 efimedia: HD(2,GPT,d485a5b2-ea1c-11e9-980e-20c6eb8f5dee,0x64028,0x400) rawuuid: d485a5b2-ea1c-11e9-980e-20c6eb8f5dee rawtype: 83bd6b9d-7f41-11dc-be0b-001560b84f0f attrib: bootme label: gptboot0 length: 524288 offset: 209735680 type: freebsd-boot index: 2 end: 410663 start: 409640 The problem with that EFI partition is that newfs_msdos does not want to create FAT32 filesystem as it is too small (even with -s switch). So I have tried FAT16 and FAT12. I can see that /boot/boot1.efifat is FAT12, so thats probably not a non-FAT32 issue. The GPT partition type seems valid EFI and c12a7328-f81f-11d2-ba4b-00a0c93ec93b rawtype and it has the bootme attribute set. I have tried to dd /boot/boot1.efifat into /dev/ada0p1 and it does not work. I have tried to format /dev/ada0p1 with FAT12/FAT16 and put necessary files by hand all permutations of efi loaders (efi/booot, efi/bsd, efi/linux, etc). Maybe the partition start/end are invalid? I am clearly missing something.. if anyone knows what may be the problem that that would be nice to know.. it may also come handy to you one day :-) I will also try the rEFInd and see what happens :-) Have a good day :-) Tomek -- CeDeROM, SQ7MHZ, http://www.tomek.cedro.info From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 11:21:51 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3CF513EE727 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 11:21:51 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [212.227.126.130]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass Class 2 CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bw28G1bRtz470L for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 11:21:49 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([178.12.34.202]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue010 [212.227.15.167]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1MF3U0-1kDlOO1lAO-00FPnv; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 13:21:40 +0200 Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 13:21:39 +0200 From: Polytropon To: David Christensen Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Error message output Message-Id: <20200921132139.286b5bda.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:F6Re92E3xgmC+VoJuwzY8sBxIJXBD33KTDbaBD2Yq/bEOD0oH+v GWyuybLzg7oMR1U6ev6dBgS/8R7VOL/pnGPLGuHGZhHQjB7Fq4A6d7AVO1IkDEBFwWRCjzZ hMR3HBx36ddupx3oVrYeCky3+zneao6SnSRkmeRLN3aAC9waZjMO1NJaRKBENROjv805R+m fYl7G4SIRi8j905JnmLkA== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:zBJ/V77b37Q=:NU/JscTGn1CwfDic2SSAfq 9DdAhU+37wGoqf32urzcndjg8noNaXjO4PgEXVvSSJJvadtJYYh9QEbvN0qnWNENANEYHZ6ir GQuSTpFLVlYfZa9GA927jO8ZINAq6ks9ngqVPov3qL4n8U6/sgi13bGbGUz4IqQce1h5bq2Rh 8+7CWSyai6ply/N9Ddt9D33vvmilMZElIKhf8ek5oa9IF1abLPsEOCT5AesMtb9c9KXF0Qg+9 9/BOhwg9HHXN5ibMVtI38ZQr4QJZoXJG7wHSlfBeYfQwa/VDCyda5IyAjBhOgGwNW51l2ZI48 kmeFbJJKUFwYY9PmtSkHh4gv1R+BacjQ5pGyoso0RQrHwd5J7IPlJHNpH2ULAbGnuF07RqVYZ sQzgmXL8+W0RKbZjGdlzblC84CQY/fIXtQkq8fZoWznDs+c8R8buUj7O+kvbtlXAJiInv7c4M IkPnmSUZ4bSMccGyWcgwhztDd9hjWemzT9q8yFaU6oO+ByMxhFCxDJLBoqrlAEOXP4idfFlyG xwUSqMNkybMIjGSZAueTIaeq6UXDVuHWgFR2cqHK/U+FNwJBwdZyhzgnyC3gJq3xbX68TNQin tSR0ZJ0vSBa1OfGiIT/vQJLTfvXP/VldS3Hd1yn/2Dag4+P7Uim3W+j0Eg76ByiWWPKYn65ZK 4xa9EngfB9QIedMWBK+oQd6MQbMRyFt8mxNqsG52Dka6G74bwDOSW0ocTypm5OEPSJ/edcu92 /rNtHqACLUXjNmwqW3ui8XPLPBkHZImAQakR6sVKdePHdXDSq1ln+RUMK11ZLLWfLLOMdVKFm 7spTj9y3T5pjDZEVHexTHdAPvViuE6uFmjxL+hzPMF6OCUrEpXU3frW2eIH954ORZ7aCvTp X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bw28G1bRtz470L X-Spamd-Bar: / Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 212.227.126.130) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [0.87 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.05)[-0.048]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[178.12.34.202:received]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:212.227.0.0/16, country:DE]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.53)[-0.535]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.95)[-0.950]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[212.227.126.130:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[212.227.126.130:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 11:21:51 -0000 On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:12:24 -0700, David Christensen wrote: > On 2020-09-20 10:11, Polytropon wrote: > > I have a general question. Is it still considered useful to > > output error messages of a script to standard error? > > > > Example: > > > > if [ something not okay ]; then > > echo "the error message" > /dev/stderr > > exit 1 > > fi > > > > While progress messages will per default go to standard output, > > error messages should be printed to standard error. The reason: > > If a program is silenced to > /dev/null, error messages will > > still be visible (no "silent failing"); if a user wants to > > explicitely mute all messages, > /dev/null 2>&1 has to be > > specified for the redirection. The judgement if a message is > > a regular progress message, an information about some slightly > > problematic case, or a real fatal error depends on the programmer. > > I have been migrating my programming style towards a data flow paradigm, > which includes "command-line filters". So, an "ideal" command-line > program or script would: > > * Use stdin for the input data. > > * Use stdout for the output data. > > * Use configuration files, command-line options and arguments, received > signals and direct tty reads for out-of-band/ non-data input. > > * Use stderr, log files, and the exit value for out-of-band/ non-data > output. > > > This model doesn't work for all programs, but it is nice when it does. Correct, that's what I thought, and what I try to follow, depending on program abilities; for example, if there are no options the user can select from, then there will be no command line options or configuration file. The choice of / if there needs to be options and / or configuration file(s) depends on what the program does. Same regarding log files (long term storage of logs or just displaying them on the terminal). > A mouse and/or graphical environment adds even more possibilities. My consideration was exclusively aimed at command line programs, but of course the increased complexity of GUI programs, no matter if it is native GUIs or web front-ends, offers more flexibility and options. > > For example: > > > > echo "${FILE] processed, ${RECS} records counted." > > -> standard output > > If the above message represents the output data of the program, I would > send it to stdout -- wc(1), for example. > > > Otherwise, I would send it to stderr -- dd(1), for example. > > > In the latter case, the message might be enabled or disabled by a > configuration file setting and/or command-line option. Thank you - that is an interesting inspiration and something to really consider. > > echo "${DEV} is read only, aborting." > > exit 1 > > -> standard error (fatal error) > > Yes, but don't you need to redirect echo(1) output to stderr? > > echo "writing to stderr" >&2 > > > In some cases, it could be useful to print a warning to stderr and > prompt the user to retry; again per configuration settings/ options. Good catch, I missed to add that in the example. What about form? echo "the error message" > /dev/stderr or echo "the error message" >&2 WHich one is considered better form, leaving aside the "amount of symbols needed"? > > At least that's what I've learned centuries ago. > > > > Is that still valid? > > As the author of a program, you decide what is valid. I'm primarily interested in what currently the consensus is about good form and style, common approach and accepted ways of doing things. I could keep spamming the system log with progress messages, but that wouldn't be nice, would it? ;-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 11:27:05 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 487AD3EE6FB for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 11:27:05 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [212.227.126.130]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass Class 2 CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bw2GJ0vpRz47J9 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 11:27:03 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([178.12.34.202]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue009 [212.227.15.167]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1MRmsE-1jsMjk0n6o-00TDSt; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 13:27:02 +0200 Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 13:27:01 +0200 From: Polytropon To: "Steve O'Hara-Smith" Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Error message output Message-Id: <20200921132701.61bf9883.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <20200921090937.fc1fbed5bdcd9615d77ea8f4@sohara.org> References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> <20200921090937.fc1fbed5bdcd9615d77ea8f4@sohara.org> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:Tm78BRYQFrrfva5WKGIGuxq3PbDruRzQL6SERxGcafzgTp7FZON 7a9ojaVqhxajbB/wzD63cjtGMBOrZYNjYz5OWZYOJkvaYySpGlpEintSBwN/m2ATlzrFUvY Pg58kz/Li/CptYmAenZbVTlBzJG7dnO4v5LK6OfQgC1LVu0yfR0RNqiCOVrtFO+Xx6J0g+T 4vnokY6DBodtT2ktlKVvQ== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:KxFG4b7zGzA=:frQKzcZOYz3oPAz8m12NyZ 5kEKrWu1Sagb5VLweAKK8s0/9kfi8WtrEYWh40imECLrfdFWjp5+ghbSxUIP4IvirFGyHjug0 t544OwVHVWvdB61rm0X9Kt9JzypqmpjpzVkm/UsEzRVtwv7kLM2NrKgi7Uvy5JppxuevLG6s1 qoYKO+jwFzidoPuT14VAHizRgDA+lR8MiZcFZy1TVlSpgBlp/xJ/JjF+SpygjxPuALNleQjyv 7Noi/gZypim4BEUkWtGdnVF0WcIABwZsRZRM7OEezLG9Q/4so89Gui28KNuobaRTe5XWumoh1 SGdxMsk2idPCvigGNPCgvbyzm3+Sebp5aIRSO+c8dLgIEkbcrPX26sa3jzNPUQf1K4TxrZcni fkrRCp9u1Knqy0BlhxYGL9vpyDSAZIry0EorqALqxfsoN8hDsPtOcR5MtS44iR/cK9C4DlbzG qKAse6MY98rwf2Jf0/+wBN65vTffeZHhqrkjPds9CDH2UQYNxV/9sbBuYUBSZyRSami0l8J2P tm2wtlFN+bmonI282WgAwNo/NGe8rbZkvBbuznWfZTSVA/8XD5LgKgjhKzlv5a9xsdxoijiBQ Z446hDBV3rhmdSLI8jFspRtXSHx+9LXlHwEZWIS/RQ0R1uu+0AJ8y6RlUMBPt7scMJjygFLPg 7JIDyCwV0Mv49ct/xcsQN4ehICJyI+boAcdDLQtJmaW1qIx2T4xh4fRw5vhZ6wL5kvZjH+ja0 DIi1YJMnZfWC4uZs/F4+0HmlOHCAnY5ci1TRIwIBEJejxu2XiiDJ7KrhC3khKoachhzzYnxWX cXs30dc3qDqFwBwxSRby4+Kwlu8Z9idr54O15o98EM+b2OPHqTgi+6LUzbW7tlyicF3ukUL X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bw2GJ0vpRz47J9 X-Spamd-Bar: / Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 212.227.126.130) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [0.75 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.15)[-0.154]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[178.12.34.202:received]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:212.227.0.0/16, country:DE]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.54)[-0.543]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.95)[-0.951]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[212.227.126.130:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[212.227.126.130:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 11:27:05 -0000 On Mon, 21 Sep 2020 09:09:37 +0100, Steve O'Hara-Smith wrote: > On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:12:24 -0700 > David Christensen wrote: > > > I have been migrating my programming style towards a data flow paradigm, > > which includes "command-line filters". So, an "ideal" command-line > > program or script would: > > > > * Use stdin for the input data. > > > > * Use stdout for the output data. > > > > * Use configuration files, command-line options and arguments, received > > signals and direct tty reads for out-of-band/ non-data input. > > This is where the standard set of unix devices is lacking, I have > long thought that there should be a stdctl then stdin/stdout are data flow > and stdtctl/stderr are control flow. At least that is something known in "mainframe land": While the file SYSPRINT is intended for program messages, i. e., things the program has to say about what it does, a different file is used for program output, for example SYSUT2 (but it doesn't have to be that one). But not everything is that clear: SYSIN can be used to control the program, but PARM= can also serve this purpose, while STDIN can instead contain input data for the program to process. And don't get me started about DCL... ;-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 13:29:23 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id DB2113F1BB4 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 13:29:23 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from rwmaillists@googlemail.com) Received: from mail-wr1-x42a.google.com (mail-wr1-x42a.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:4864:20::42a]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bw4zR0xGBz4Gjf for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 13:29:22 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from rwmaillists@googlemail.com) Received: by mail-wr1-x42a.google.com with SMTP id m6so12794740wrn.0 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 06:29:22 -0700 (PDT) X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:date:from:to:subject:message-id:in-reply-to :references:mime-version:content-transfer-encoding; bh=pFaYBQ0AVA6Q+uJbau1wHvTkX9aXhO1QfZgGYG1KXmE=; b=Bw+XeDEnnkJPeR4AZ9Bh13WU4gBbTn2kKlSuoiAfCOTCPvk57laGN33jCGpNnScDfw HcBYvwHh8QiqWmJyf7Uhy7TdU0Woh8AvLI/Vfgu4Rf1/bum0HaAi0cIeFHvMLwTEQXz+ HNYvCLG0p3Ki2EsSObKuxHrkcgxce6yYyljQVSX+v0CLDXOqBT/wkzX5OZ71No+9YmwM Ijfv/g3uU1xmnCUkDW+DcYo/yLm86ViPpBrERmHnzpviOpuHChz409jmJQp5d/XuOnYS Dpv82Putea3cWU2R+eqkvUf+zeXAkCiXVYHolLf5DgoZ2EerLmLeWUVqcM57V90DGJjQ TzQQ== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM531iMOyiBk2det3QZcsCdj15SzEsErq7nCOTfBr4f4dvWV9USPL3 rWPN7ScnjeVSQYF10hLlXypYng4VecQ= X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJxMzraDlOIVkHGFO/VTgpwXewdNqiYXTzgjB9Bj5p5h7zj2QVT6OKXGeKHiK8l9AmkSAoAMqQ== X-Received: by 2002:adf:eece:: with SMTP id a14mr50660097wrp.330.1600694960559; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 06:29:20 -0700 (PDT) Received: from gumby.homeunix.com ([2.220.21.115]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id c25sm19741336wml.31.2020.09.21.06.29.19 for (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Mon, 21 Sep 2020 06:29:19 -0700 (PDT) Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 14:29:16 +0100 From: RW To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Create new geli file system using existing key Message-ID: <20200921142916.208e0c2a@gumby.homeunix.com> In-Reply-To: References: X-Mailer: Claws Mail 3.17.5 (GTK+ 2.24.32; amd64-portbld-freebsd12.1) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bw4zR0xGBz4Gjf X-Spamd-Bar: --- X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-3.14 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; FREEMAIL_FROM(0.00)[googlemail.com]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip6:2a00:1450:4000::/36]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[googlemail.com:+]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[googlemail.com,quarantine]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.15)[-0.149]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[2.220.21.115:received]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; FREEMAIL_ENVFROM(0.00)[googlemail.com]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2a00:1450::/32, country:US]; DWL_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[googlemail.com:dkim]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.97)[-0.971]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[googlemail.com:s=20161025]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.02)[-1.023]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2a00:1450:4864:20::42a:from]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 13:29:23 -0000 On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:55:11 -0700 David Christensen wrote: > I do not believe you need (or want) to have identical GELI metadata > on the USB hard disk drives. I believe you just need to specify the > same keyfile when you create each GELI provider. I think the OP realises that he was a bit confused when asking the original question. From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 17:44:20 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7B3BD3F77EE for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 17:44:20 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kob6558@gmail.com) Received: from mail-ot1-x330.google.com (mail-ot1-x330.google.com [IPv6:2607:f8b0:4864:20::330]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwBdb5918z4YrV for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 17:44:19 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kob6558@gmail.com) Received: by mail-ot1-x330.google.com with SMTP id 95so5841187ota.13 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 10:44:19 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=mime-version:references:in-reply-to:from:date:message-id:subject:to :cc; bh=/EXYHjsPAOoPNgTlDcsBLkJUARI8fEcz4UGQUA/DXzU=; b=MQUgHPSCul86jOKdJ8PVE5anbOmQUG4MAG1sdJDGuAvRpNSKcM/S+L9ybG9ilhkEEl Jau+S/wJd5vipwGseSwZp37/yru9rI56OCSOm1fpUYKKToNJklYO1wGZpIOjoXeOBQcF 1s9VSFX9gmv3v7uln1KTeFLCLTCMMv635Lg3S6HJBTstBCThEFztGNM1VWqEbzsH00Ft UHbYhdQqOEcXJSpvaTPSR7BkmB8SeDZ0hoYY0h1sAk5uFZHvanTczE10FRbd8NcN8tyh JKE6zXf1wCaNNQOFlk0jxNL/lB8aWgBNROvlztWynyYTmeMIXXgMpDyYjWgVnwI1Bx3d c7Lw== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:mime-version:references:in-reply-to:from:date :message-id:subject:to:cc; bh=/EXYHjsPAOoPNgTlDcsBLkJUARI8fEcz4UGQUA/DXzU=; b=H/cUu5oZ2b0WA2wBcz/4Au5pDFgMiUIYfxE3A0zVhP7WN1YKk0aaMZAiMXHTXCxTo8 0AId5NddDmhsoet0qQTQPa8/xoq1vJAYLZ8V7BP7Z+aorONqME35IQqIl2d6wiKs68Z7 1a2YzIkJLZ28xM3P2alT3MgQ2GJfOy4OXTesdRaTeHRyIfqR3Zqbw6WPHTARr48b/9Sf CI/EZxTG5czOiDOZwB8DPkMsG1KjQhMIvid5QBI+AbWg+GGkCng0oLzpiYFJlwOzPzXt /j8WV7aNWeKEixkvLaZ9mJPaIeSw3JdC88JhDzqbfhX1fEFJWqe3y1BA/mCdBmMBQM/b eDvw== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM533vTyy7DBtOfcD8GobtmU0ml7H/yueQhMq4+bLLvBoKejo/GwLx GNJaa+g1BRfAXivRi/B6rLLNxtPaMwXPg6apZkSzdS+Oi1XSFA== X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJzmNKLfNPWGmTdL3Qvnd26qxhmt2UvdSyCr6TMYGclBiyR0WE3sIkTnIDMn+CfID0ME9NIK60xgFDgUMKQaWuI= X-Received: by 2002:a05:6830:30a6:: with SMTP id g6mr399831ots.199.1600710258301; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 10:44:18 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: <20200921142916.208e0c2a@gumby.homeunix.com> In-Reply-To: <20200921142916.208e0c2a@gumby.homeunix.com> From: Kevin Oberman Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 10:44:02 -0700 Message-ID: Subject: Re: Create new geli file system using existing key To: RW Cc: "freebsd-questions@freebsd.org" X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwBdb5918z4YrV X-Spamd-Bar: --- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=gmail.com header.s=20161025 header.b=MQUgHPSC; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=gmail.com; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of kob6558@gmail.com designates 2607:f8b0:4864:20::330 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=kob6558@gmail.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-3.05 / 15.00]; TO_DN_EQ_ADDR_SOME(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; FREEMAIL_FROM(0.00)[gmail.com]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip6:2607:f8b0:4000::/36]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[gmail.com:+]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[gmail.com,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.34)[-0.343]; FREEMAIL_TO(0.00)[googlemail.com]; FORGED_SENDER(0.30)[rkoberman@gmail.com,kob6558@gmail.com]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+,1:+,2:~]; FREEMAIL_ENVFROM(0.00)[gmail.com]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2607:f8b0::/32, country:US]; FROM_NEQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[rkoberman@gmail.com,kob6558@gmail.com]; DWL_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[gmail.com:dkim]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.00)[-0.997]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[gmail.com:s=20161025]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.01)[-1.013]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[multipart/alternative,text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2607:f8b0:4864:20::330:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" X-Content-Filtered-By: Mailman/MimeDel 2.1.33 X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 17:44:20 -0000 On Mon, Sep 21, 2020 at 6:29 AM RW via freebsd-questions < freebsd-questions@freebsd.org> wrote: > On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:55:11 -0700 > David Christensen wrote: > > > > I do not believe you need (or want) to have identical GELI metadata > > on the USB hard disk drives. I believe you just need to specify the > > same keyfile when you create each GELI provider. > > I think the OP realises that he was a bit confused when asking the > original question. > Yes, I was. After almost a quarter century using FreeBSD, it's a bit embarrassing to admit to my confusion. It's something I did back just after geli came into existence and have not really paid attention to since a bit before I retired almost a decade ago. It turns out to have been a trivial issue caused by confusion from not adequately understanding the keying information in the geli man page. -- Kevin Oberman, Part time kid herder and retired Network Engineer E-mail: rkoberman@gmail.com PGP Fingerprint: D03FB98AFA78E3B78C1694B318AB39EF1B055683 From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 21:56:43 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id F23A03FE139 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 21:56:43 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [184.105.128.27]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "www.holgerdanske.com", Issuer "www.holgerdanske.com" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwJDq0PQVz407B for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 21:56:42 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 14:56:34 -0700 Subject: Re: Error message output To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> <20200921090937.fc1fbed5bdcd9615d77ea8f4@sohara.org> From: David Christensen Message-ID: <78cc24ef-5e49-3cef-86b0-0c4fe7f468f4@holgerdanske.com> Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 14:56:33 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.11.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <20200921090937.fc1fbed5bdcd9615d77ea8f4@sohara.org> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwJDq0PQVz407B X-Spamd-Bar: ++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com has no SPF policy when checking 184.105.128.27) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.86 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.63)[0.628]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.59)[0.592]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.74)[0.739]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[holgerdanske.com]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:184.104.0.0/15, country:US]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 21:56:44 -0000 On 2020-09-21 01:09, Steve O'Hara-Smith wrote: > I have > long thought that there should be a stdctl then stdin/stdout are data flow > and stdtctl/stderr are control flow. > >> * Use stderr, log files, and the exit value for out-of-band/ non-data >> output. Similar thoughts here. The three standard handles seem cover the basics of interactive and batch usage. Beyond that, the programmer is free to keep it simple or make it more complex. David From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 22:33:45 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A852B3FF515 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 22:33:45 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [184.105.128.27]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "www.holgerdanske.com", Issuer "www.holgerdanske.com" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwK3X49szz43Q3 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 22:33:44 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 15:33:41 -0700 Subject: Re: Error message output To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> <20200921132139.286b5bda.freebsd@edvax.de> From: David Christensen Message-ID: <8b426d6f-6ebe-d1a7-13af-69cffbcb6222@holgerdanske.com> Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 15:33:40 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.11.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <20200921132139.286b5bda.freebsd@edvax.de> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwK3X49szz43Q3 X-Spamd-Bar: ++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com has no SPF policy when checking 184.105.128.27) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.69 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.74)[0.742]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.32)[0.318]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.73)[0.728]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[holgerdanske.com]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:184.104.0.0/15, country:US]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 22:33:45 -0000 On 2020-09-21 04:21, Polytropon wrote: > On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:12:24 -0700, David Christensen wrote: >> On 2020-09-20 10:11, Polytropon wrote: >>> I have a general question. Is it still considered useful to >>> output error messages of a script to standard error? > What about form? > > echo "the error message" > /dev/stderr > > or > > echo "the error message" >&2 > > WHich one is considered better form, leaving aside the "amount of > symbols needed"? "It depends". The former is dependent upon the system having a /dev/stderr. The latter is dependent upon the shell having redirection (which all Bourne-compatible shells should?). Both seem to work on FreeBSD, Debian, macOS, and Cygwin (Windows 7). But, that is likely to be untrue on every system. And, is it possible to have a situation where you have already redirect stderr and yet the script needs to emit an error message? Without a compelling reason either way, I have tended to use the latter; but the former is starting to look more idiot-proof. > I'm primarily interested in what currently the consensus is > about good form and style, common approach and accepted ways > of doing things. I could keep spamming the system log with > progress messages, but that wouldn't be nice, would it? ;-) My ideal would be to put "less important" messages into a program-specific log(s) and to put "important" messages into both program-specific logs and the system log. Again, under configuration/ option control. Truly sophisticated programs use a logging management layer. For example, in Perl: https://metacpan.org/pod/Log::Log4perl David From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 22:48:22 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A753F42101D for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 22:48:22 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [IPv6:2001:470:0:19b::b869:801b]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "www.holgerdanske.com", Issuer "www.holgerdanske.com" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwKNP2bK3z44ch for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 22:48:21 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 15:48:18 -0700 Subject: Re: Create new geli file system using existing key To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <20200921142916.208e0c2a@gumby.homeunix.com> From: David Christensen Message-ID: Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 15:48:18 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.11.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwKNP2bK3z44ch X-Spamd-Bar: ++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com has no SPF policy when checking 2001:470:0:19b::b869:801b) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.81 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.71)[0.710]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.47)[0.471]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.73)[0.732]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[holgerdanske.com]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:2001:470::/32, country:US]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 22:48:22 -0000 On 2020-09-21 10:44, Kevin Oberman wrote: > On Mon, Sep 21, 2020 at 6:29 AM RW via freebsd-questions < > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org> wrote: > >> On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:55:11 -0700 >> David Christensen wrote: >> >> >>> I do not believe you need (or want) to have identical GELI metadata >>> on the USB hard disk drives. I believe you just need to specify the >>> same keyfile when you create each GELI provider. >> >> I think the OP realises that he was a bit confused when asking the >> original question. >> > Yes, I was. After almost a quarter century using FreeBSD, it's a bit > embarrassing to admit to my confusion. It's something I did back just after > geli came into existence and have not really paid attention to since a bit > before I retired almost a decade ago. It turns out to have been a trivial > issue caused by confusion from not adequately understanding the keying > information in the geli man page. NP. Computers are a tetration of complexity: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetration It is humanly impossible to "know it all", and "it all" is continuously growing. Attempting to help people work through their computer issues is a good way to "keep up" and to learn of new possibilities. David From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Mon Sep 21 22:56:06 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 21196421254 for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 22:56:06 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [217.72.192.75]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass Class 2 CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwKYD0QtGz45VQ for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 22:55:59 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([178.12.34.202]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue107 [212.227.15.183]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1MZk1p-1jzul527QV-00WnEo; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 00:55:52 +0200 Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 00:55:52 +0200 From: Polytropon To: David Christensen Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Error message output Message-Id: <20200922005552.4df3c123.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <8b426d6f-6ebe-d1a7-13af-69cffbcb6222@holgerdanske.com> References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> <20200921132139.286b5bda.freebsd@edvax.de> <8b426d6f-6ebe-d1a7-13af-69cffbcb6222@holgerdanske.com> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:LcnxzB9FvL32gWJwjEU3uHhSrO/LtawPoGhb5rcWN2WBYhTa5I3 1sGp89+g+F5edKxuqKGXW371w9/WQepPB8UPRMKYNurIFkiNTTmxpjutUZ8puMv7zNne2mz 3UZbj7JYIRxUcSUGQGCFNVztbcG+UspEkv98nWyaRsfm7MCNj5GoBgHrT3xKo36VV1Lz2NT 5p5tfEXeCQoNxx+mJwftA== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:4wvZN5gfnto=:aOKvRYt4sA5Bnhe+pPAQxl YGpI1RUOb81ylbb7yJpGO0uRE9JwPAJxtlMfwO3yHK2ihKzsWLDEOs9gooykpx7TGwIUdBS1h OpvNcXR+Zvp6g+wJvZ5X5BtqEPndwo8i7BbZ0LSwXaWxmjlSQkJdQaTQemLHzvMBaku+rKDQ1 D4mBtlDSh2Gu1KCUuuKV72b0Ob/el9I9HE3eJPbIQlJBwIT0r9J9muzN2BZd9cuBcNP8GQE8+ mYodegTHYjCp3xt8NDE/18OUAfkcabSZkl/fl+XNsZXUvWImZUlJ5wZak5LLgllyVqWCbYme+ pr2MVFKEMo09ln7HROQRwwGaP2m4kcRtqnGe8tKdYT2FhkpPzD5bFx56am+wQO2CjmLQVp8ez cRlMEvfDjy7ScrCqjH24za0o+/x8hsCET7ke6kcFFUVX08l8Bwt9+hQ+UHSdFx/HvRSxAldNa 52QKV+0w/Z+fQ+qFCo4jr+EyJB8xhpqIpNXLbO5Ztq+ySppeBanddcdPft2hhAdLTo1KBvYWo Z7Cs6jkdmzaKVkTa36aRrWzqGQPtNxwYzlvj23lhphPQ1Cwz61FJEqA+5SDsW+Kft95st3Fht HNjfqME3Zv4W+N9Z2McYTMcmg+CYiQaaw2qGS82rpfOb8YjH7C7uuiCZVOfDpzDh+rbYILzYb 0YXZXllEuy7DGxfip+PDfTwUWimDEczGczZn0ZsFCXqJD9BB065BUjADGyMGJgrvhovEvOOSw 53+NsafqmhOmWQN48X9iM24ePbReFX+xu5oD5DCpjivJlOSMJlp7aySfGXakG+7gENP4tCZk3 roSjJIV5MJAW/Y73iRyt9VcN5KTfNk98mBK+xsCkBU9LuRtduNeXkP3Ivm2BWaKQRlDM/Fp X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwKYD0QtGz45VQ X-Spamd-Bar: / Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 217.72.192.75) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [0.95 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[178.12.34.202:received]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:217.72.192.0/20, country:DE]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.84)[-0.840]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.34)[0.343]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.95)[-0.952]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[217.72.192.75:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[217.72.192.75:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 22:56:06 -0000 On Mon, 21 Sep 2020 15:33:40 -0700, David Christensen wrote: > On 2020-09-21 04:21, Polytropon wrote: > > On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:12:24 -0700, David Christensen wrote: > >> On 2020-09-20 10:11, Polytropon wrote: > >>> I have a general question. Is it still considered useful to > >>> output error messages of a script to standard error? > > > What about form? > > > > echo "the error message" > /dev/stderr > > > > or > > > > echo "the error message" >&2 > > > > WHich one is considered better form, leaving aside the "amount of > > symbols needed"? > > "It depends". The former is dependent upon the system having a > /dev/stderr. The latter is dependent upon the shell having redirection > (which all Bourne-compatible shells should?). Both seem to work on > FreeBSD, Debian, macOS, and Cygwin (Windows 7). But, that is likely to > be untrue on every system. And, is it possible to have a situation > where you have already redirect stderr and yet the script needs to emit > an error message? Without a compelling reason either way, I have tended > to use the latter; but the former is starting to look more idiot-proof. So sadly there no way of saying "one is to be preferred over the other". Sure, I agree that portability can be an issue even among UNIXes and UNIX-likes (like Linux), and I don't want to go that far and guess how sh script execution is becoming more and more possible under other systems and their layers or subsystems to make them able to do what everyone else can do for decades already. Coming from a heterogenous OS background, and especially one involving UNIXes from different ages, you would assume that "sh is sh", but it's not, and even if you think something is POSIX- compliant, it turns out it's not, at least not entirely, and that leads to all kinds of "careful coding". :-) The problem "script called from within script" adds an additional level of "didn't expect", such as ./something.sh > /dev/null 2>&1 where something.sh outputs stuff to stdout (like list of files processed) and stderr (specified files not found). In such cases, a log file which is handled independently from any redirection will surely be a better solution. Oh, and "idiot-proof" is always good, especially for idiot programmers like me. :-) > > I'm primarily interested in what currently the consensus is > > about good form and style, common approach and accepted ways > > of doing things. I could keep spamming the system log with > > progress messages, but that wouldn't be nice, would it? ;-) > > My ideal would be to put "less important" messages into a > program-specific log(s) and to put "important" messages into both > program-specific logs and the system log. Again, under configuration/ > option control. I'm primarily thinking about dead-simple idiot programs which are used interactively in order to perform some tasks, often involving dealing with files. Example (from a real script); the following normal usage prints to standard output: % png2pdf.sh mdcc_rg_2020-04-01 + mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_1.png + mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_2.png + mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_3.png -> mdcc_rg_2020-04-01.pdf The typical error cases (input not found, no input specified) output to standard error, and there is a non-zero exit code: % png2pdf.sh nothing Error: no matching source files for pattern nothing_*.png found, aborting. % png2pdf.sh Convert PNG image files and create PDF Usage: /opt/bin/png2pdf.sh The source file pattern must lead to files named _*.png. The target file's name will be .pdf. Is that an acceptable solution? > Truly sophisticated programs use a logging management layer. For > example, in Perl: > > https://metacpan.org/pod/Log::Log4perl No. Truly sophisticated programs use a web service with a dynamic no-SQL database and API and ML and AI provided by a startup with a name you cannot properly pronounce which will disappear in two years after you signed a 10 years contract and made your whoole business depend on it. ;-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Tue Sep 22 04:57:17 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 397843DD48B for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 04:57:17 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kuku@kukulies.org) Received: from mail.kukulies.org (mail.kukulies.org [116.203.115.43]) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4BwTZ42Z60z4W4y for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 04:57:16 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kuku@kukulies.org) Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by mail.kukulies.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id EBAC210276A for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 06:57:08 +0200 (CEST) Received: from mail.kukulies.org ([127.0.0.1]) by localhost (mail.kukulies.org [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id Y_6qzBT_Diyg for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 06:57:08 +0200 (CEST) Received: from christophs-macbook-pro.fritz.box (p57a1fff5.dip0.t-ipconnect.de [87.161.255.245]) by mail.kukulies.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 8A46D102769 for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 06:57:08 +0200 (CEST) From: Christoph Kukulies Content-Type: multipart/signed; boundary="Apple-Mail=_F7C57C84-A47D-43E2-8CCD-B3F71D521DBA"; protocol="application/pkcs7-signature"; micalg=sha-256 Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 13.4 \(3608.120.23.2.1\)) Subject: 32bit FreeBSD for non PAE Celeron - which release ? Message-Id: Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 06:57:07 +0200 To: RW via freebsd-questions X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3608.120.23.2.1) X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwTZ42Z60z4W4y X-Spamd-Bar: / Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of kuku@kukulies.org has no SPF policy when checking 116.203.115.43) smtp.mailfrom=kuku@kukulies.org X-Spamd-Result: default: False [0.69 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ATTACHMENT(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[4]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.25)[-0.247]; RCVD_NO_TLS_LAST(0.10)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:24940, ipnet:116.203.0.0/16, country:DE]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[87.161.255.245:received]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; FREEFALL_USER(0.00)[kuku]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; SIGNED_SMIME(-2.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.31)[-0.309]; MIME_GOOD(-0.20)[multipart/signed,text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.84)[0.843]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[kukulies.org]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+,1:+,2:~]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 04:57:17 -0000 --Apple-Mail=_F7C57C84-A47D-43E2-8CCD-B3F71D521DBA Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 I=E2=80=99m in the situation of preserving/backupping an somewhat older = Acer Travelmate Notebook with Intel Celeron (32bit, no PAE) processor. I suffered already a pitfal from using an Ubuntu 12.04 which = was uncapable. I would like to boot a FreeBSD CDROM fitting the picture. Which release should I choose? =E2=80=94 Christoph --Apple-Mail=_F7C57C84-A47D-43E2-8CCD-B3F71D521DBA Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=smime.p7s Content-Type: application/pkcs7-signature; name=smime.p7s Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 MIAGCSqGSIb3DQEHAqCAMIACAQExDzANBglghkgBZQMEAgEFADCABgkqhkiG9w0BBwEAAKCCCc0w ggSQMIIDeKADAgECAggYVYMhomAL1zANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBmMQswCQYDVQQGEwJERTEzMDEG A1UECgwqREdOIERldXRzY2hlcyBHZXN1bmRoZWl0c25ldHogU2VydmljZSBHbWJIMSIwIAYDVQQD DBlkZ25zZXJ2aWNlIENBIDIgVHlwZSBFOlBOMB4XDTIwMDUxNjE1Mjc1OVoXDTIxMDUxNjE1Mjc1 OVowbzELMAkGA1UEBhMCREUxITAfBgNVBAUTGDQwMDAwMDAwNWVjMDA4ZGQzNzNhZDhlYzEbMBkG A1UEAwwSQ2hyaXN0b3BoIEt1a3VsaWVzMSAwHgYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhFrdWt1QGt1a3VsaWVzLm9y ZzCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAKug1655hQWRmOtGAShZLbMwDtrm7rAH 7p1oPtE/5KpTpJZe8LHPxxvW0EAd2JcLtEhdvAi7smhZ/giJ3IBK7OYmdaCvuQ6MFvJpkmLkQ9TO 4+RLW+PkBk8nFIUe+PQG+VurpWc8pbU4IRsWS3pEUgov9+LF6VtyYBHKD2HZwe46YBwUq7l0EHxc 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freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 5BC623DF06A for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 06:34:00 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [184.105.128.27]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "www.holgerdanske.com", Issuer "www.holgerdanske.com" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwWjg15y5z4b4w for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 06:33:59 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Mon, 21 Sep 2020 23:33:51 -0700 Subject: Re: Error message output To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> <20200921132139.286b5bda.freebsd@edvax.de> <8b426d6f-6ebe-d1a7-13af-69cffbcb6222@holgerdanske.com> <20200922005552.4df3c123.freebsd@edvax.de> From: David Christensen Message-ID: <0dc8a3a4-85d9-7168-f118-b456aafd3910@holgerdanske.com> Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2020 23:33:50 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.11.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <20200922005552.4df3c123.freebsd@edvax.de> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwWjg15y5z4b4w X-Spamd-Bar: ++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com has no SPF policy when checking 184.105.128.27) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.67 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.73)[0.728]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.33)[0.327]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.72)[0.717]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[holgerdanske.com]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:184.104.0.0/15, country:US]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 06:34:00 -0000 On 2020-09-21 15:55, Polytropon wrote: > On Mon, 21 Sep 2020 15:33:40 -0700, David Christensen wrote: >> On 2020-09-21 04:21, Polytropon wrote: >>> On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:12:24 -0700, David Christensen wrote: >>>> On 2020-09-20 10:11, Polytropon wrote: >>>>> I have a general question. Is it still considered useful to >>>>> output error messages of a script to standard error? > Example (from a real script); the following normal usage > prints to standard output: > > % png2pdf.sh mdcc_rg_2020-04-01 > + mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_1.png > + mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_2.png > + mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_3.png > -> mdcc_rg_2020-04-01.pdf So, png2pdf.sh reads mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_1.png, mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_2.png, and mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_3.png, and writes mdcc_rg_2020-04-01.pdf? I would drop the '.sh' extension. Providing a fractional base file name as an argument and computing input and output file names is unconventional. The FreeBSD convention seems to be to use complete file names for arguments. This allows the user to use shell globbing, find(1) and xargs(1), etc., or to wrap this script in another script that computes the arguments. As this program operates on entire files and those files are binary, it is tempting to allow input file names on stdin. I think this idea is unconventional and better avoided. So, I'd go with positional arguments for the input and output file names. % png2pdf mdcc_rg_2020-04-01*.png mdcc_rg_2020-04-01.pdf When the argument list contains two (or more) kinds of things, it can be useful to pick one kind for arguments and to pass everything else via options: % png2pdf -O mdcc_rg_2020-04-01.pdf mdcc_rg_2020-04-01*.png My scripts emit '+' in the first position only when they have invoked sh(1) with xtrace enabled. Outputting '+' otherwise is confusing. If I wanted to see the input file names as they were processed, I would add a verbose option and preface each input file name with "reading". The messages would to to stderr. My similar scripts typically print (to stdout) the bare names of files and directories that they change. If there were multiple possibilities -- "writing", "appending", "creating", "updating", "deleting", etc. -- I would add prefaces. The messages would go to stdout. Messages for files that are not changed would be handled by verbose option messages -- "skipping", etc.. The messages would to to stderr. It is nice to have a quiet option suppresses all output except fatal error messages. For exit value, I use 0 for correct operation and 1 for everything else. > The typical error cases (input not found, no input specified) > output to standard error, and there is a non-zero exit code: > > % png2pdf.sh nothing > Error: no matching source files for pattern nothing_*.png found, aborting. The FreeBSD convention seems to be to print the usage message when given bad options or arguments: Usage: png2pdf.sh [-v] [-q] infile... outfile png2pdf.sh [-v] [-q] [-O outfile] infile... > % png2pdf.sh > Convert PNG image files and create PDF > Usage: /opt/bin/png2pdf.sh > The source file pattern must lead to files named _*.png. > The target file's name will be .pdf. When given no options or arguments, the FreeBSD convention seems to be to run the program with a default argument. If no default makes sense, then to print the usage message. David From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Tue Sep 22 08:10:38 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id ECB863E1245 for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 08:10:38 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from 4250.82.1d4c500007fda39.c856a532d94c2c37b52776ec5c72fa6b@email-od.com) Received: from s1-b0c6.socketlabs.email-od.com (s1-b0c6.socketlabs.email-od.com [142.0.176.198]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client did not present a certificate) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwYs93jsVz4fZG for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 08:10:37 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from 4250.82.1d4c500007fda39.c856a532d94c2c37b52776ec5c72fa6b@email-od.com) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=email-od.com;i=@email-od.com;s=dkim; c=relaxed/relaxed; q=dns/txt; t=1600762238; x=1603354238; h=content-transfer-encoding:content-type:mime-version:references:in-reply-to:message-id:subject:cc:to:from:date:x-thread-info; bh=DL3c9V0a+NcJHaFswP4Q6+7DJecjhPaMpL3nKCwSEqQ=; b=M9u+9tS6L2c5gXq4QAJn2/iSUAlAwtpt9OpaNDs4lUhgjo7CXqmBEUoEyKPAKKf4b0SQJS1BwN3BrFwYWen63fHuVe17qqjW8e5vbbMNWQQjBbrIYRlVuZmNkQNRhjLXrEl2SzGZGPxgIC29TUSL6wo2rJ5HhELPWOTNXpglvVE= X-Thread-Info: NDI1MC45Mi4xZDRjNTAwMDA3ZmRhMzkuZnJlZWJzZC1xdWVzdGlvbnM9ZnJlZWJzZC5vcmc= Received: from r1.sg.in.socketlabs.com (r1.sg.in.socketlabs.com [142.0.179.11]) by mxsg2.email-od.com with ESMTP(version=Tls12 cipher=Aes256 bits=256); Tue, 22 Sep 2020 04:10:32 -0400 Received: from smtp.lan.sohara.org (EMTPY [185.202.17.215]) by r1.sg.in.socketlabs.com with ESMTP(version=Tls12 cipher=Aes256 bits=256); Tue, 22 Sep 2020 04:10:28 -0400 Received: from [192.168.63.1] (helo=steve.lan.sohara.org) by smtp.lan.sohara.org with smtp (Exim 4.94 (FreeBSD)) (envelope-from ) id 1kKdNa-000Cui-EH; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 09:10:26 +0100 Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 09:10:26 +0100 From: Steve O'Hara-Smith To: Christoph Kukulies Cc: RW via freebsd-questions Subject: Re: 32bit FreeBSD for non PAE Celeron - which release ? Message-Id: <20200922091026.f5916d3d4e0d78a6056addfb@sohara.org> In-Reply-To: References: X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.7.0 (GTK+ 2.24.32; amd64-portbld-freebsd12.0) X-Clacks-Overhead: "GNU Terry Pratchett" Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwYs93jsVz4fZG X-Spamd-Bar: - Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=email-od.com header.s=dkim header.b=M9u+9tS6; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of 4250.82.1d4c500007fda39.c856a532d94c2c37b52776ec5c72fa6b@email-od.com designates 142.0.176.198 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=4250.82.1d4c500007fda39.c856a532d94c2c37b52776ec5c72fa6b@email-od.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-1.15 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[email-od.com:s=dkim]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_GOOD(0.00)[142.0.176.198:from]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip4:142.0.176.0/20]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[sohara.org]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.00)[-0.999]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[4]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[email-od.com:+]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[142.0.176.198:from]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.45)[-0.453]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.99)[-0.994]; FORGED_SENDER(0.30)[steve@sohara.org,4250.82.1d4c500007fda39.c856a532d94c2c37b52776ec5c72fa6b@email-od.com]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:7381, ipnet:142.0.176.0/22, country:US]; FROM_NEQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[steve@sohara.org,4250.82.1d4c500007fda39.c856a532d94c2c37b52776ec5c72fa6b@email-od.com]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 08:10:39 -0000 On Tue, 22 Sep 2020 06:57:07 +0200 Christoph Kukulies wrote: > I’m in the situation of preserving/backupping an somewhat older Acer > Travelmate Notebook with Intel Celeron (32bit, no PAE) processor. I > suffered already a pitfal from using an Ubuntu 12.04 which was uncapable. > > I would like to boot a FreeBSD CDROM fitting the picture. > > Which release should I choose? You should be good with any i386 release - I'd go with 12.1. -- Steve O'Hara-Smith From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Tue Sep 22 11:38:46 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9314D3E54DE for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 11:38:46 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from jerry@seibercom.net) Received: from mail-qt1-x832.google.com (mail-qt1-x832.google.com [IPv6:2607:f8b0:4864:20::832]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwfTK3NB1z3cKG for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 11:38:45 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from jerry@seibercom.net) Received: by mail-qt1-x832.google.com with SMTP id v54so15193631qtj.7 for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 04:38:45 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=seibercom.net; s=google; h=date:from:to:subject:message-id:reply-to:organization:mime-version; bh=l8aRj1cNTgusFrReurNaU8wKN6TK0nJI9WahhIMiVtc=; b=fjTLuFmQOwa86XpdHzLZeVBEtEsaTKKWGuBjemcVct6T2Nvs6/RkaF6Cq6Hw5ed7Vw tvRYIbsHaNC1fbK/Wxd6hVaLTY8+ba4VN9sE+RUR263TxOGuRkbCKmvyoXFBBVMIbr1E CHBTN5F151NwbD6Zv1pi4wZ9cihsknFvhE32k= X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:date:from:to:subject:message-id:reply-to :organization:mime-version; bh=l8aRj1cNTgusFrReurNaU8wKN6TK0nJI9WahhIMiVtc=; b=VHSwYAN8THtJp4g7cI3NSpxwcHPDUYfiZ5287ZvnRZfIysLe0woOP8+76z0aUMnGuP 8IfURXNQ6bavzXKC+eF+1G6Cz2UZPdFH58ynlp0hwYqdVyRxg6ycoW5nS9cSfGBE8fcr 82q6Bvg+FWU8dhcePwqzjReSoFyEL5S6d2mimwQWuBSkSVzQH+cz2rMCOwrdT2Z807eK IxYb9KZUauI9I/OCnNzuZSGU5Ur6zmvARgThQ85h8IHfEUswY1ttr3V6v6rwQYr1LjdP rmPlra0EI6SHZwI9hjAmD3MTT3DDcYi9rwPIVf7UWJlF/BR661B/Lqd6lWTitYO/73XM 5ghg== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM533IAWg6Y41u1d0TFIFxY/JZOVQcRZlADAeX75k9RpQjsHdRs6P3 r861XuDJmzFwxlsZ1gRSkZiN75ujR9meRw== X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJwgxTaOg/9xq34F3j0sm/qVmQOLkH9DY1FqTpD3MCQ4kWtpSa6OD/BAyRlof4dHaywxW6DntQ== X-Received: by 2002:aed:2963:: with SMTP id s90mr4140163qtd.381.1600774376248; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 04:32:56 -0700 (PDT) Received: from scorpio.seibercom.net (cpe-174-109-231-236.nc.res.rr.com. [174.109.231.236]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id k5sm10849870qkc.45.2020.09.22.04.32.54 for (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Tue, 22 Sep 2020 04:32:55 -0700 (PDT) Received: from localhost (hp-envy.seibercom.net [192.168.1.102]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) server-digest SHA256) (No client certificate requested) (Authenticated sender: jerry@seibercom.net) by scorpio.seibercom.net (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 4BwfLW0Wpdz1V68 for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 07:32:51 -0400 (EDT) Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 07:32:39 -0400 From: Jerry To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: samba error message Message-ID: <20200922073239.00004813@seibercom.net> Reply-To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Organization: seibercom.net X-Mailer: Claws Mail 3.17.4 (GTK+ 2.24.32; i686-w64-mingw32) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/signed; micalg=pgp-sha256; boundary="Sig_/BHnNV07q/dOJo3x5.vcLkSF"; protocol="application/pgp-signature" X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwfTK3NB1z3cKG X-Spamd-Bar: ++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=seibercom.net header.s=google header.b=fjTLuFmQ; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of jerry@seibercom.net designates 2607:f8b0:4864:20::832 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=jerry@seibercom.net X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.28 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip6:2607:f8b0:4000::/36]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[4]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[seibercom.net:+]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.09)[-0.089]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[174.109.231.236:received]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+,1:+,2:~]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2607:f8b0::/32, country:US]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; REPLYTO_EQ_TO_ADDR(5.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.00)[-0.998]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[seibercom.net:s=google]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.03)[-1.033]; MIME_GOOD(-0.20)[multipart/signed,text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[seibercom.net]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2607:f8b0:4864:20::832:from]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; GREYLIST(0.00)[pass,body]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 11:38:46 -0000 --Sig_/BHnNV07q/dOJo3x5.vcLkSF Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable samba 4.11.13 FreeBSD 11.4-RELEASE-p4 This question might be better suited for the samba forum; however, I thought I would start here. I was forced to do a completely new installation of FreeBSD on a new HD. Everything is working fine, except for samba. Whenever a file is transferred, this error message lights up the screen: Sep 22 07:10:05 scorpio smbd[77669]: remove_share_mode_lease: leases_db_del= failed: NT_STATUS_OK It never happened on the old machine. I have no idea what is causing it. Has anyone seen this before and corrected it? Thanks! --=20 Jerry --Sig_/BHnNV07q/dOJo3x5.vcLkSF Content-Type: application/pgp-signature Content-Description: OpenPGP digital signature -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQEzBAEBCAAdFiEEIQb/tTwl6I1ueEVtOHMGOIfexWQFAl9p4NcACgkQOHMGOIfe xWT2KQgAqrsN9GAzz0AWnbbhbb60X6r3YmBUuu5dj6HqEV38Hq1A71LNQE4m+Fff 9nzyoXuAyy9Zx6Xu8b+jNLCy6+Sek2g67QrqeXOtKFBETXBM/wioBR7Fr0o8U0dL 0RSMsDnROWRzOzKSjnkdC/2g43FfdbdPQa6XJztbeA1RQJCLksCylYtPDyhZQeC8 gRSo9Ee0ba9KpNMLooVVNkmWvrN3q1+zv/s0gXtvy1eDWef5Dz96YiPGZEvX1BiY 5GDWnfGBHoe89qK5U3u47f1cLAVuv40cfy2TEEIdDPSgOqB91b8vY3AxilxhYX0m skD5UA3mXplLnZQKXWJehwxj2j6KJQ== =VAoL -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --Sig_/BHnNV07q/dOJo3x5.vcLkSF-- From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Tue Sep 22 14:53:40 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9040F3EB077 for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 14:53:40 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [212.227.17.24]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass Class 2 CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwkpC1yN9z46tw for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 14:53:38 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([94.222.5.88]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue106 [212.227.15.183]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1N94uf-1kZ0ch2it5-0165Wp; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 16:53:36 +0200 Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 16:53:36 +0200 From: Polytropon To: Christoph Kukulies Cc: RW via freebsd-questions Subject: Re: 32bit FreeBSD for non PAE Celeron - which release ? Message-Id: <20200922165336.05f5a8bd.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: References: Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:9NO2zUsBpQyhZ+mDSFYtZyW9jO4uPNxYLBy+juVMUwBgefDml/5 kVKpU6PhrOnzQ4MF0fv0c4iBnh9EIshtQtNHdrdxWtInfSSpGhZ4KvRvr0KNLJmRDW3Nii4 GuUWR5fYMgz2CPsJn7C01NJZRvU6WK3OV+tRKpn8hwxWz3lICphUKDG9hyPZoHTffL1JT6i 1ssJH3JUErQB+AAjr2eKQ== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:maPdnk+V8Hc=:H7CLPEtgmfCgFEQckvtty/ bzT/aATMDQPl+HfuXBU9HnBlVUoMid1hqD65vWNgZa7vVMN45wkXJ9wGXHwcAnYvawf7Gx4/B F+TwHNZ3eaqtJ1FGlM3VqjsOS5PdVxL5+WWURm7yYR2xN6XF8szBK4DZS/jlxtCIGuKpWG4L7 unzz2M/jcONwlqTLIcRDYFgP4DAOX88V2SNCgAqMJQpX7AT+NBc3IjCYTDPOemey6U1WHXOc/ ckTqihrtE41OHaGY3BVgl2LCQ5MTPpGwxvnRVIRwP9cKceyDXrVWlnLzgVJvQO95RsLwAMaBo 8ZrBdDK8EEExTiF00Xi6Dbga69/+7Y2YsOzcmDmLEOG3+6OeFGNerFv46J0/BXc06qmqWLDQE OZ25Q3UWDGlI8V1frEb0RjYm+guC+4BvsoTTY8EKIs3yP+L+AJVblqlz7c6Xxch773BdIN3bL QxFk0QNE6TgNEYsDHmyE3AV4tQn48cK5MFfwfZkb1UuYH4dhOmvSKDKgINWz9HzC4d/WFMFLG L3imZINqlNLQRLmMWVXvrJuvb3159HmJGJP6F/W5GKOE0H7dWbPXbfgiWZecHt2NZi2yEoyli AfzhFy0VUfnzhXJQC8bzCy5QknXbn/JzZi71WLCafKmXRQPm4LpovtFT3eLo1R+CAv9pJpyPG Paulxx1m7wg+WxzP+oeBxs40BSG0KuH+qU6MlrJsziYLp3Hh5jj77LjB7RKWyVx5+OMyiUtWU odEAAUv7c1VxnUmWKMBtkEHSYvyh8LZRhlyUy7fWOkMpT6/ZWvAiiXRZJxSRxQl+Y1u3OSG0I FR2h2CQ4XtAofLLLP+wslG9G/OUym0YXNGepJJbLaLQC0QuadNDHCfzegTEAEwYNYCDZGKP X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwkpC1yN9z46tw X-Spamd-Bar: + Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 212.227.17.24) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [1.99 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[94.222.5.88:received]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:212.227.0.0/16, country:DE]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.67)[-0.667]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.95)[-0.954]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.21)[0.214]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[212.227.17.24:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[212.227.17.24:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 14:53:40 -0000 On Tue, 22 Sep 2020 06:57:07 +0200, Christoph Kukulies wrote: > I’m in the situation of preserving/backupping an somewhat older > Acer Travelmate Notebook with Intel Celeron (32bit, no PAE) > processor. I suffered already a pitfal from using an Ubuntu 12.04 > which was uncapable. As far as I know, isn't Ubuntu 64-bit only anyway? > I would like to boot a FreeBSD CDROM fitting the picture. You will probably have to use a DVD in case the ISO image does not fit a standard 650 (or 700) MB CD blank medium, or boot using USB, if that's possible on the particular hardware. > Which release should I choose? Use the latest version of the i386 (32 bit) family. I've done the same with lower-end (actually higher-end, but older) Dell and Lenovo laptop with 2 GB RAM and no specific need for running 64 bit software - works! -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Tue Sep 22 15:31:58 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9EA8C3EC1EE for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 15:31:58 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [217.72.192.75]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass Class 2 CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwlfP4QDyz49Pm for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 15:31:57 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([94.222.5.88]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue109 [212.227.15.183]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1MWRZt-1jwLtN1GcF-00Xp6k; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 17:31:50 +0200 Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 17:31:49 +0200 From: Polytropon To: David Christensen Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Error message output Message-Id: <20200922173149.0c851c58.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <0dc8a3a4-85d9-7168-f118-b456aafd3910@holgerdanske.com> References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> <20200921132139.286b5bda.freebsd@edvax.de> <8b426d6f-6ebe-d1a7-13af-69cffbcb6222@holgerdanske.com> <20200922005552.4df3c123.freebsd@edvax.de> <0dc8a3a4-85d9-7168-f118-b456aafd3910@holgerdanske.com> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:y5lHHfr0QHuEDJ2a+4GMV74ZhCBbYZb7Ray3vC+OejsYfwNVUi9 jKWAjWiTUp5020P+c1NIbs/NmgzKRC3vgXbmmHAv+OOXNHDEWi2d0+N1p/ncg7OyF6Q5eCC ZPWlhm1Q+XMzl2rMYqGI35GzCs6UNjpFqA74C7qlMaO7jexZcr6ldQbxJQeKK+or6XSSYw5 LLmTcdEtt7YFfblk9q2gQ== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:SdUdGFtSwrA=:n5YYwxKt6yaydPuai8EZaX vh5e72aQ+EmqvqUd5vB6nsF5zQ71T0e2sFAh3mSOX0JIUKGF6rJIx9L9rP/dPYdbB5CGvKN6a YMtIzD8V4uLBA+jwcrTZoWtW4zQoGzDoYwnNxYai30IJqNLVVZJ2nWXTfgY6Zy+6Y5cfNZzlx R5vBVR9tz80rpcNWLP01oW6sEpk/ZIEhPRgSoqfQVJEy1naF0zdMT6XcbN21QqURzcttBObzi NxcgszfcD8TqgAly+e2971V+Iu5HYCtglkKWn2s22VqjzoLXVVeJajkgWaID1Aoj1iwzqTJ6q uj0Q0kvp3spTlJtjVDZh5AeQhanXpPoqtUw73UuSgVJUnHc/T8RowuQAH/7svq2+cwtiQ7Erz wLdfM5H/1hIaB/P0OK0kqL1XJ4IrmonYzevr+k0pjL7vBzpZoma7zNhNuUZYqZOmjEQHcPwjs RckmSnmWUo/IkbGwXrM712CXBBLft9yvgD6OiPOVZMg+vsyB5KBw3xesOMakiPp/gnji1Fx/7 1FrZj1pv1mcGecet57DHfF8F4TOEA482m3jeD87eo2cN7N4jhjKhxxaXM/dsWJPQko9EyTV/K tD+BWupzbR+LvLuux2/06X/0LF70BjQuWg5T2w0otZWf2XU+5eq71dtxn9CfHnQPbz/b2pFgD IHysLNqCw3iLTPQrmhIGUyxTtk1QLH4VAJtcmhXGWwQ3PgKZ0UlHuXdY73BV0mJWBXThFHLIT OTrJG0H65VBUBEJdFQV08xGsYMMMRUcf2t9/o4hfzJ2q0QMvnw47eEsCYIOwxSw7Z8H1zGA40 VskXA5PrnHL6PdUeRCYp00uzdVGeGejcFSRnPZDGWrCbfHlMBWzG7cR/J/LTW7FxyV6jYhH X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwlfP4QDyz49Pm X-Spamd-Bar: / Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 217.72.192.75) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [0.58 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.01)[-0.013]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[94.222.5.88:received]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:217.72.192.0/20, country:DE]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.86)[-0.857]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.96)[-0.955]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[217.72.192.75:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[217.72.192.75:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 15:31:58 -0000 On Mon, 21 Sep 2020 23:33:50 -0700, David Christensen wrote: > On 2020-09-21 15:55, Polytropon wrote: > > On Mon, 21 Sep 2020 15:33:40 -0700, David Christensen wrote: > >> On 2020-09-21 04:21, Polytropon wrote: > >>> On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:12:24 -0700, David Christensen wrote: > >>>> On 2020-09-20 10:11, Polytropon wrote: > >>>>> I have a general question. Is it still considered useful to > >>>>> output error messages of a script to standard error? > > > Example (from a real script); the following normal usage > > prints to standard output: > > > > % png2pdf.sh mdcc_rg_2020-04-01 > > + mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_1.png > > + mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_2.png > > + mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_3.png > > -> mdcc_rg_2020-04-01.pdf > > So, png2pdf.sh reads mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_1.png, mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_2.png, > and mdcc_rg_2020-04-01_3.png, and writes mdcc_rg_2020-04-01.pdf? Correct: You provide a "pattern" (i. e., "starts with", the shell does the expansion of *), and the output file drops the "counter" and is a PDF file containing the scanned sheets, so it's easier to transfer and print. :-) > I would drop the '.sh' extension. Will do, especially as it's now in /opt/bin, a reason to be optimistic. :-) > Providing a fractional base file name as an argument and computing input > and output file names is unconventional. The FreeBSD convention seems > to be to use complete file names for arguments. This allows the user to > use shell globbing, find(1) and xargs(1), etc., or to wrap this script > in another script that computes the arguments. In this case, the calling shell would have to do it. I do not expect csh or bash or zsh doing that differently from plain sh, but you never know... :-) > As this program operates on entire files and those files are binary, it > is tempting to allow input file names on stdin. I think this idea is > unconventional and better avoided. Programs like cpio do this. Programs that operate on a set of files typically get them via command line, while programs that operate on _one_ file from a set of file often have their "list generator" prefixed, like "something | xargs -n 1 progname". > So, I'd go with positional arguments for the input and output file names. > > % png2pdf mdcc_rg_2020-04-01*.png mdcc_rg_2020-04-01.pdf The key is that the output filename is "automatically" assigned ("base name without counter"). In such a case, I'd even go for an optional argument for the output file, such as cc does: % cc blah.c generates a.out, but % cc -o blah blah.c generates blah as the output binary; -o is optional. > When the argument list contains two (or more) kinds of things, it can be > useful to pick one kind for arguments and to pass everything else via > options: > > % png2pdf -O mdcc_rg_2020-04-01.pdf mdcc_rg_2020-04-01*.png The advantage of having the invoking shell define the input files is that it enables the user to combine files with different "base names", such as: % png2pdf -o report.pdf blah_01.png blah_02.png foo_*.png end.png I think this is a good idea for further improvement. Both concepts also work nicely with shell completition: % png2pdf foo[TAB] png2pdf foo_2020-01-23_ png2pdf foo_2020-01-23_*.png In case there are no offending files of other types, "*" can be the last symbol. > My scripts emit '+' in the first position only when they have invoked > sh(1) with xtrace enabled. Outputting '+' otherwise is confusing. Never heared of that concept... I thought it was good to use "+" for "adding", and "->" for "to the result"; maybe "=" or even ":=" would have been possible too, even though I tried hard to unlearn ":=". ;-) > If I wanted to see the input file names as they were processed, I would > add a verbose option and preface each input file name with "reading". > The messages would to to stderr. Or the opposite approach: -q (quiet) if you don't want those. Or compare cp to cp -v. > My similar scripts typically print (to stdout) the bare names of files > and directories that they change. If there were multiple possibilities > -- "writing", "appending", "creating", "updating", "deleting", etc. -- I > would add prefaces. The messages would go to stdout. > > > Messages for files that are not changed would be handled by verbose > option messages -- "skipping", etc.. The messages would to to stderr. > > > It is nice to have a quiet option suppresses all output except fatal > error messages. > > > For exit value, I use 0 for correct operation and 1 for everything else. As suggested by sysexits.h, it's possible to signal the kind of error to the caller. This is not standard in sh scripts, but can be used there. > > The typical error cases (input not found, no input specified) > > output to standard error, and there is a non-zero exit code: > > > > % png2pdf.sh nothing > > Error: no matching source files for pattern nothing_*.png found, aborting. > > The FreeBSD convention seems to be to print the usage message when given > bad options or arguments: > > Usage: png2pdf.sh [-v] [-q] infile... outfile > png2pdf.sh [-v] [-q] [-O outfile] infile... That is correct, and the system tools tend to follow that convention. Existing man pages and the templates suggest this style. Oh, and I should probably write a manpage, too. :-) > > % png2pdf.sh > > Convert PNG image files and create PDF > > Usage: /opt/bin/png2pdf.sh > > The source file pattern must lead to files named _*.png. > > The target file's name will be .pdf. > > When given no options or arguments, the FreeBSD convention seems to be > to run the program with a default argument. If no default makes sense, > then to print the usage message. For the tool in question, the usage message would be the default, as one cannot assume any valid input. :-) Thank you for inspiration and further education. It's always nice to learn something new or reconsider something learned and / or long forgotten. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Tue Sep 22 16:53:22 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6DC293EF9B2 for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 16:53:22 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kh@panix.com) Received: from mailbackend.panix.com (mailbackend.panix.com [166.84.1.89]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256) (Client did not present a certificate) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BwnSK6D6Vz4Jk5 for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 16:53:21 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from kh@panix.com) Received: from rain.home (pool-173-48-64-3.bstnma.fios.verizon.net [173.48.64.3]) by mailbackend.panix.com (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 4BwnSK0ggSzXTR for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 12:53:21 -0400 (EDT) Subject: Re: Error message output To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> <20200921132139.286b5bda.freebsd@edvax.de> <8b426d6f-6ebe-d1a7-13af-69cffbcb6222@holgerdanske.com> <20200922005552.4df3c123.freebsd@edvax.de> <0dc8a3a4-85d9-7168-f118-b456aafd3910@holgerdanske.com> From: Kurt Hackenberg Message-ID: <25dc8a18-e276-6f6b-685b-377bdf0ffa73@panix.com> Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 12:53:19 -0400 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; FreeBSD amd64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.5.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <0dc8a3a4-85d9-7168-f118-b456aafd3910@holgerdanske.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwnSK6D6Vz4Jk5 X-Spamd-Bar: - Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of kh@panix.com designates 166.84.1.89 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=kh@panix.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-1.61 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_GOOD(0.00)[166.84.1.89:from]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip4:166.84.0.0/16]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.82)[-0.823]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.09)[0.088]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED(-0.20)[166.84.1.89:from]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[panix.com]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.38)[-0.375]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:2033, ipnet:166.84.0.0/16, country:US]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[173.48.64.3:received] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 16:53:22 -0000 On 2020-09-22 02:33, David Christensen wrote: > Providing a fractional base file name as an argument and computing input > and output file names is unconventional.  The FreeBSD convention seems > to be to use complete file names for arguments.  This allows the user to > use shell globbing, find(1) and xargs(1), etc., or to wrap this script > in another script that computes the arguments. ... > When given no options or arguments, the FreeBSD convention seems to be > to run the program with a default argument.  If no default makes sense, > then to print the usage message. All true, except these are conventions for all Unixes, not just FreeBSD, from sometime early in Unix history. An early example is the program "cat" (which is easy to write in C). Arguments are input filenames; with no arguments it reads stdin. The convention that the user supplies file base names, and the program adds extensions, is strong in some other OSes, including those from Microsoft and Digital Equipment Corporation. This is tied to the idea, more or less built into those systems, that the file extension is separate and special, and has meaning. In fact, in those filesystems, the file extension is stored separately from the base name, and the '.' is not stored at all. (Well, I don't know that about NTFS.) In Unix, the opposite convention is equally strong: a filename is just a single string, and is not parsed; the user supplies complete filenames. In a Unix filename, '.' is stored as part of the name, and has no special meaning. A filename can include zero or more suffixes that start with '.'. Executable programs usually have zero; "foo.tar.gz" has two. Yes, there are mild exceptions -- compilers, make, ls (by default ignores names that start with '.') -- but this is the origin. 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Tue, 22 Sep 2020 19:30:20 +0200 Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 19:30:19 +0200 From: Polytropon To: Kurt Hackenberg Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Error message output Message-Id: <20200922193019.9ddd63f7.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <25dc8a18-e276-6f6b-685b-377bdf0ffa73@panix.com> References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> <20200921132139.286b5bda.freebsd@edvax.de> <8b426d6f-6ebe-d1a7-13af-69cffbcb6222@holgerdanske.com> <20200922005552.4df3c123.freebsd@edvax.de> <0dc8a3a4-85d9-7168-f118-b456aafd3910@holgerdanske.com> <25dc8a18-e276-6f6b-685b-377bdf0ffa73@panix.com> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:NrxmcFYItayiLl7Fypce/kuZZpThauYphYZdC6gBf1aLKhctwv8 4i7Dua/4WBmQQdCzmTx2jpWkxylqdhga6Kwfi5JEvrJbOjGLi9+BoWe/yOQ6Y4qnwlexbO5 4UVoQLU7MlDGuSvUjRcNx/TlSx68Rb/DJgVAWoyIcEoWHeWMAfrXKqE1I6QgLfS9wIZoS5s 0qc/1deS/RPLrTBZNecDQ== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:Wh0eB4YawJo=:5o1SBPRfZujvLAW4/i9TY3 sL8JNOBdNTH/xvEqSkcujWb6hFZMLsDStjznIuy6m8Ip9ssZA76hX+1N0/RKiRHtEdjMSNhP8 NhyfUuHb3su+f+c4ejyJnW7Onwt1guBGb+UB0RBdRzIOWfBKefLgmRFPApW6xtoZ69AZHMXVx Qih8YVKrTD6A2vBBbkXDMdKeSIZgTamRYWywgitt/ehZDLEz3tvS8p+urjSUJ3JpMHpZ/vQVO eSHjvdU2PbhmSTqCw9b5U2JDRBUTatto4DCye8dc1UdMNTK3PxjLGUtlFokbfcWzbF6AwDwB9 YH58HyDd4AMqy42sg867/2z5ZvQXMXPYyBJH6/MZQdE7hscXxMWMbpxZQKzqCzfV3VjkKH7O3 tzXD0Qny9BJUwyJZgyZO1L5jD8+pBBk+8AIz46Yr7iTKym3RTRBky+JY+Csci+yyyERYNlLQn a8INPyre9R67N/9Y6ysBpkUbkXjCeyOfh9Gv8QkAk2QH7wbGhSm229t4qql/gK6vnUEVj9DC/ UwAB4e2q9PWcXMP7Lqv8UGhbGBFl5N9nk6O/oYtrm/C/bMDLb4iA9e4YXhVeHulHtWpGRTs6T xgDEW/ZkwLgf6QEEaodOV9uVpNxiQtDlI372d5OO2zSGciRgzfBc4rTVERu42i7KMUK4HSUaS F61wurbdZQXWgEXEwSlniG04kDR41DAGEAYJNr3l3Al8+q6evM9ZMTTrhFpf6fi4VKf5ySk/U 88DAD1bQnbxJS9z5A+dkBwJEeUULNzkjgPcROyLTbtlyeWhGZxfnbgTo0yK2iw9aqKwo803/n 0UBX81B4E0lAUuFBm9gSLnTHfaJTzFLDxa8zKb00TlyOiAayFGa3XYVg+q4eJJrkHTBT9Ly X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BwpH54y39z4M2J X-Spamd-Bar: / Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 212.227.126.135) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [0.74 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[94.222.5.88:received]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:212.227.0.0/16, country:DE]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.81)[-0.807]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.10)[0.100]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.95)[-0.949]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[212.227.126.135:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[212.227.126.135:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 17:30:26 -0000 On Tue, 22 Sep 2020 12:53:19 -0400, Kurt Hackenberg wrote: > On 2020-09-22 02:33, David Christensen wrote: >=20 > > Providing a fractional base file name as an argument and computing inpu= t=20 > > and output file names is unconventional.=A0 The FreeBSD convention seem= s=20 > > to be to use complete file names for arguments.=A0 This allows the user= to=20 > > use shell globbing, find(1) and xargs(1), etc., or to wrap this script= =20 > > in another script that computes the arguments. > ... > > When given no options or arguments, the FreeBSD convention seems to be= =20 > > to run the program with a default argument.=A0 If no default makes sens= e,=20 > > then to print the usage message. >=20 >=20 > All true, except these are conventions for all Unixes, not just FreeBSD,= =20 > from sometime early in Unix history. An early example is the program=20 > "cat" (which is easy to write in C). Arguments are input filenames; with= =20 > no arguments it reads stdin. >=20 > The convention that the user supplies file base names, and the program=20 > adds extensions, is strong in some other OSes, including those from=20 > Microsoft and Digital Equipment Corporation. This is tied to the idea,=20 > more or less built into those systems, that the file extension is=20 > separate and special, and has meaning. In fact, in those filesystems,=20 > the file extension is stored separately from the base name, and the '.'=20 > is not stored at all. (Well, I don't know that about NTFS.) >=20 > In Unix, the opposite convention is equally strong: a filename is just a= =20 > single string, and is not parsed; the user supplies complete filenames.=20 > In a Unix filename, '.' is stored as part of the name, and has no=20 > special meaning. A filename can include zero or more suffixes that start= =20 > with '.'. Executable programs usually have zero; "foo.tar.gz" has two. >=20 > Yes, there are mild exceptions -- compilers, make, ls (by default=20 > ignores names that start with '.') -- but this is the origin. Exactly. That's why I should add further development time to the little script; not just that it makes assumptions about file names which _may_ be true, but don't always apply ("base_nnn.png" needs to be resolved where nnn, the counter, is replaced by * and then evaluated by the scripting shell). More flexibility is always better, be it different base names, names not following the format expected, or input file lists generated by a different tool or step. In UNIX, a file can have generally any name, the extension(s) have a meaning usually only to the user; "blah" could be a PDF file, and "xpdf blah" would work, and a C compiler would happily compile a source file named "perry_the_platypus". The interpretation of special cases, such as leading "." by ls, is program-specific. The filesystem adds special interpretation for entries "." and "..", as well as for the character "/", but anything else, non-printable characters, tabs and spaces, special characters, even linebreaks could probably make a truly valid (!) filename. Not all valid filenames are useful, though... ;-) In systems where all parts interpret filenames as a concept of "base.extension", and decide for actions according to extension, the flexibility of UNIX filenames can cause confusion. If you accidentally remove the ".pdf" from a PDF filename, the file can no longer easily be opened (except maybe by "Open with...") until the ".pdf" is added back again; adding ".mp3" instead causes much more confusion for the system and the user. Imagine what stops working if you add a VMS-like ";version". :-) --=20 Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Wed Sep 23 03:21:48 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id C7DBE3EB7A1 for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 03:21:48 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [IPv6:2001:470:0:19b::b869:801b]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "www.holgerdanske.com", Issuer "www.holgerdanske.com" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bx3PR6Mmfz4CmB for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 03:21:47 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Tue, 22 Sep 2020 20:10:29 -0700 Subject: Re: Error message output To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <20200920191108.22864e5c.freebsd@edvax.de> <528b2c90-18c4-9e95-a150-67344154c66c@holgerdanske.com> <20200921132139.286b5bda.freebsd@edvax.de> <8b426d6f-6ebe-d1a7-13af-69cffbcb6222@holgerdanske.com> <20200922005552.4df3c123.freebsd@edvax.de> <0dc8a3a4-85d9-7168-f118-b456aafd3910@holgerdanske.com> <20200922173149.0c851c58.freebsd@edvax.de> From: David Christensen Message-ID: Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 20:10:25 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.11.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <20200922173149.0c851c58.freebsd@edvax.de> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bx3PR6Mmfz4CmB X-Spamd-Bar: +++++++++++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com has no SPF policy when checking 2001:470:0:19b::b869:801b) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [11.23 / 15.00]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; GREYLIST(0.00)[pass,body]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(1.01)[1.010]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.84)[0.839]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.98)[0.978]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[holgerdanske.com]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; URIBL_BLACK(7.50)[holgerdanske.com:url]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:2001:470::/32, country:US]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-Spam: Yes X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Wed, 23 Sep 2020 03:21:48 -0000 On 2020-09-22 08:31, Polytropon wrote: > On Mon, 21 Sep 2020 23:33:50 -0700, David Christensen wrote: >> On 2020-09-21 15:55, Polytropon wrote: >>> On Mon, 21 Sep 2020 15:33:40 -0700, David Christensen wrote: >>>> On 2020-09-21 04:21, Polytropon wrote: >>>>> On Sun, 20 Sep 2020 22:12:24 -0700, David Christensen wrote: >>>>>> On 2020-09-20 10:11, Polytropon wrote: >>>>>>> I have a general question. Is it still considered useful to >>>>>>> output error messages of a script to standard error? > Programs that operate on a set of > files typically get them via command line, while programs that > operate on _one_ file from a set of file often have their "list > generator" prefixed, like "something | xargs -n 1 progname". Agreed. >> My scripts emit '+' in the first position only when they have invoked >> sh(1) with xtrace enabled. Outputting '+' otherwise is confusing. > > Never heared of that concept... 2020-09-22 17:07:49 dpchrist@f3 ~/sandbox/sh $ freebsd-version; uname -a 12.1-RELEASE-p8 FreeBSD f3.tracy.holgerdanske.com 12.1-RELEASE-p8 FreeBSD 12.1-RELEASE-p8 GENERIC amd64 2020-09-22 17:07:57 dpchrist@f3 ~/sandbox/sh $ man sh | grep -A 4 xtrace -x xtrace Write each command (preceded by the value of the PS4 variable subjected to parameter expansion and arithmetic expansion) to standard error before it is executed. Useful for debugging. 2020-09-22 17:08:06 dpchrist@f3 ~/sandbox/sh $ echo $PS4 + 2020-09-22 17:08:11 dpchrist@f3 ~/sandbox/sh $ cat freebsd-questions-polytropon-20200922-0831.sh #!/bin/sh echo "invoking echo from script" /bin/sh -x -c 'echo "invoking /bin/sh with xtrace to invoke echo"' 2020-09-22 17:08:17 dpchrist@f3 ~/sandbox/sh $ /bin/sh freebsd-questions-polytropon-20200922-0831.sh invoking echo from script + echo 'invoking /bin/sh with xtrace to invoke echo' invoking /bin/sh with xtrace to invoke echo Things get more interesting when you have scripts calling scripts calling scripts, etc.. I avoid obfuscating $PS4 / '+'. > I thought it was good to use "+" for "adding", and "->" for "to > the result"; maybe "=" or even ":=" would have been possible too, > even though I tried hard to unlearn ":=". ;-) Using punctuation for computer code, commands, input, output, etc., is a mixed blessing. It is concise, but: 1. Too many people have created too many "punctuated languages", each with different meaning and semantics. A new reader must learn each new language and an old reader must remember many. Trying to understand one listing that contains several such languages is a good way to get a headache. 2. Punctuation usually prevents using the output of one program as the input to another program -- thus breaking the Unix filter/ pipeline model. Thus, my suggestions of textual/ word prefaces, sending verbose messages to stderr, and printing bare output file names to stdout. Now you can pipe the output of png2pdf to xargs(1), which invokes another program that operates on PDF files. >> If I wanted to see the input file names as they were processed, I would >> add a verbose option and preface each input file name with "reading". >> The messages would to to stderr. > > Or the opposite approach: -q (quiet) if you don't want those. > Or compare cp to cp -v. 2020-09-22 16:35:29 dpchrist@f3 ~/sandbox/sh $ touch foo 2020-09-22 16:35:32 dpchrist@f3 ~/sandbox/sh $ cp foo bar 2020-09-22 16:35:46 dpchrist@f3 ~/sandbox/sh $ cp -v foo baz foo -> baz So, non-verbose cp(1) displays nothing and verbose cp(1) displays both input and output file names. But, cp(1) is one-to-one and png2pdf is many-to-one. Emulating the style of cp(1) with a lot of input files would produce very long lines. I will stick with my suggestions, above. >> For exit value, I use 0 for correct operation and 1 for everything else. > > As suggested by sysexits.h, it's possible to signal the kind > of error to the caller. This is not standard in sh scripts, > but can be used there. I use Bourne shell scripts for simple tasks and Perl when I need more. Generating an error message, dumping the relevant variables, and exiting with non-zero is usually enough in both cases. >> Usage: png2pdf.sh [-v] [-q] infile... outfile >> png2pdf.sh [-v] [-q] [-O outfile] infile... > > That is correct, and the system tools tend to follow that > convention. Existing man pages and the templates suggest > this style. Oh, and I should probably write a manpage, too. :-) FreeBSD usage messages seem to be terse reminders -- the explanations and details are in the manual pages. I like that style. If I need a manual page, I don't mind a non-compliant shell script usage message with extra information. If the program needs a manual page, it's probably already Perl and I'll use Pod::Usage. > Thank you for inspiration and further education. It's > always nice to learn something new or reconsider something > learned and / or long forgotten. It's good to discuss these things. :-) David From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Wed Sep 23 08:03:52 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4EE7B3F1F9C for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 08:03:52 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ludovit.koren@gmail.com) Received: from mail-wr1-x42b.google.com (mail-wr1-x42b.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:4864:20::42b]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bx9fv2BZmz4Rtv for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 08:03:50 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ludovit.koren@gmail.com) Received: by mail-wr1-x42b.google.com with SMTP id a17so19888259wrn.6 for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 01:03:50 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=from:to:cc:subject:references:user-mail-address:date:in-reply-to :message-id:user-agent:mime-version; bh=KoQRXuqmLBfCY6c++U+RVyIxI01mkPyauvJ1Zhlddvc=; b=X+Qz29aBW24i3qzrErpSiTnTKQ5GV7uYd+PztrV45SzEkQOMxBN1bMUlGzoNjO7BR8 Twui6cl1KyhO+N/cSQK8Ft8rpOhPkKqnVolAlWRMb6JHUppuKV7/b4U8uVk+sR1xEJa4 VjmvPMTlok11wTdYKThfMhm3u2WkuVuBgeudVhNKCR+V1L7gnz3jfZF+Ho4CZa9oLvCm T7JYpR4MhjOlMr1Cg7uQVt0UsTAtKY3v04tcn3Abc2GqS1XPDymCW/3NdzVkz3TYNsts YKeyEZOGHqYh5R7/XKTPuVQIuLJX1xotziN4GVRpJVi+CaUMetucIPGFbwE1DWsqN5bw SG+w== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc:subject:references:user-mail-address :date:in-reply-to:message-id:user-agent:mime-version; bh=KoQRXuqmLBfCY6c++U+RVyIxI01mkPyauvJ1Zhlddvc=; b=B94BnEPU5+j0wa4yBhZODAnUfZKWB+rLYffxJE5K1pCX79wHF20NlS2YogqyXkpyq1 RrX+cHf8OgOdCO2bkr77RcQItPRWkv/T24SVie/9xV6OJUA2TLV36qZMr2hY4+M5oiaI cx7Chf8kB2nAfeuXZpJs0lda4a8Xa0XhrTnfHpXdcsvBsNYhdB82UNY30gN7VyesGmi8 fh1355N5U6Zs0so3J84HOeKolJQxnDkBEp5AdOZH5FIbiK2C6/GAZr5h/xiWOqv8aeAy YiUQ8SbjRUA+tA0D5T/EMzCjJfvazZaTlXw1IXYakQPJHhN+mFsXY9Y3STbGqdUn3W/a 6iIQ== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM533zyLlZFZca86Q22fuE4S5vwbjYmbClQIRoUwckvPXvkRokuz5m yu/xMzGcS0XA2e5bmPyvBT0ig53GT/Y= X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJyGOHEd1pWvQwZJpoI1xzJmgy7Dlzl23WuP60LDZJQci/fLgfdVAXwU8SSDsMhXWAf7VjK0bw== X-Received: by 2002:adf:dbc3:: with SMTP id e3mr9749035wrj.1.1600848228747; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 01:03:48 -0700 (PDT) Received: from jedi.localdomain (bband-dyn147.178-41-180.t-com.sk. [178.41.180.147]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id 91sm31960777wrq.9.2020.09.23.01.03.47 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Wed, 23 Sep 2020 01:03:48 -0700 (PDT) Received: by jedi.localdomain (Postfix, from userid 1001) id 0C21F16BA23; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 10:03:47 +0200 (CEST) From: Ludovit Koren To: Christoph Brinkhaus Cc: Subject: Re: ZFS snapshot - rollback problem References: <20200912143051.GA1500@esprimo> User-Mail-Address: ludovit.koren@gmail.com Date: Wed, 23 Sep 2020 10:03:47 +0200 In-Reply-To: <20200912143051.GA1500@esprimo> (Christoph Brinkhaus's message of "Sat, 12 Sep 2020 16:30:51 +0200") Message-ID: <86a6xg2a3g.fsf@gmail.com> User-Agent: Gnus/5.13 (Gnus v5.13) Emacs/28.0.50 (berkeley-unix) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bx9fv2BZmz4Rtv X-Spamd-Bar: --- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=gmail.com header.s=20161025 header.b=X+Qz29aB; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=gmail.com; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of ludovitkoren@gmail.com designates 2a00:1450:4864:20::42b as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=ludovitkoren@gmail.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-3.25 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip6:2a00:1450:4000::/36:c]; FREEMAIL_FROM(0.00)[gmail.com]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[gmail.com:+]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[gmail.com,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.16)[-0.162]; FREEMAIL_TO(0.00)[t-online.de]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; FREEMAIL_ENVFROM(0.00)[gmail.com]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2a00:1450::/32, country:US]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; TAGGED_FROM(0.00)[]; DWL_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[gmail.com:dkim]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.05)[-1.051]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[gmail.com:s=20161025]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[178.41.180.147:received]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; SH_EMAIL_DBL_DONT_QUERY_IPS(0.00)[0.3.16.205:email]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.03)[-1.034]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; DBL_PROHIBIT(0.00)[0.3.16.205:email]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2a00:1450:4864:20::42b:from]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Wed, 23 Sep 2020 08:03:52 -0000 >>>>> Christoph Brinkhaus writes: > On Thu, Sep 10, 2020 at 04:18:39PM +0200, Ludovit Koren wrote: > Dear Ludovit, > I quote the first message because I have a complete different idea. > I hope this is ok. >> Hi, >> >> I have the following configuration: >> >> ~>uname -a >> FreeBSD XxX 11.3-STABLE FreeBSD 11.3-STABLE #1 r354607: Mon Nov 11 >> 12:19:28 CET 2019 root@jedi:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/HP amd64 >> ~>zfs list >> NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT >> zroot 244G 0 10.7G /mnt >> zroot/Centos8 6.80G 4.13G 2.67G - >> zroot/msw7 44.9G 25.8G 19.1G - >> zroot/swapdisk0 40.8G 20.6G 20.2G - >> zroot/usr 131G 0 50.9G /usr >> zroot/usr/home 80.1G 0 80.1G /usr/home >> zroot/var 9.94G 0 9.94G /var > Is it possible that the pool has been generated using Centos? > Then the features of the pool might be different to that what > is supported by FreeBSD. > Kind regards, > Christoph >> >> After zfs snapshot, which I did on the root, I got: >> ~>zfs list -t snapshot >> NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT >> zroot@200909 1K - 10.7G - >> zroot/Centos8@200909 1K - 2.67G - >> zroot/msw7@200909 1K - 19.1G - >> zroot/swapdisk0@200909 0 - 20.2G - >> zroot/usr@200909 1K - 50.9G - >> zroot/usr/home@200909 1K - 80.1G - >> zroot/var@200909 1K - 9.94G - >> >> i.e. whole filesystem is read only. I am not able to do neither >> rollback, nor destroy of the snapshot. Is there any possibility to >> reset the filesystem to the read-write mode? >> >> >> Any help is greatly appreciated. >> >> >> Regards, >> >> >> lk >> _______________________________________________ >> freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list >> https://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions >> To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-questions-unsubscribe@freebsd.org" Just to sum up, at the end. I did backup of the FS and reinstall the OS. I did not find the way to reset the FS to read-write mode. Regards, lk From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Wed Sep 23 20:00:15 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1FCF24251C4 for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:00:15 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from naddy@mips.inka.de) Received: from mail.inka.de (mail.inka.de [IPv6:2a04:c9c7:0:1073:217:a4ff:fe3b:e77c]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256) (Client did not present a certificate) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BxTYV2SH0z4Hcp for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:00:14 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from naddy@mips.inka.de) Received: from mips.inka.de (naddy@[127.0.0.1]) by mail.inka.de with uucp (rmailwrap 0.5) id 1kLAvs-00FjG6-Pv; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 22:00:04 +0200 Received: from lorvorc.mips.inka.de (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by lorvorc.mips.inka.de (8.16.1/8.16.1) with ESMTP id 08NJxLsA082377 for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 21:59:21 +0200 (CEST) (envelope-from naddy@lorvorc.mips.inka.de) Received: (from naddy@localhost) by lorvorc.mips.inka.de (8.16.1/8.16.1/Submit) id 08NJxL0L082376 for freebsd-questions@freebsd.org; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 21:59:21 +0200 (CEST) (envelope-from naddy) Date: Wed, 23 Sep 2020 21:59:21 +0200 From: Christian Weisgerber To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Firefox 81.0: disappearing tooltips Message-ID: <20200923195921.GA81818@lorvorc.mips.inka.de> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Disposition: inline X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BxTYV2SH0z4Hcp X-Spamd-Bar: / Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of naddy@mips.inka.de has no SPF policy when checking 2a04:c9c7:0:1073:217:a4ff:fe3b:e77c) smtp.mailfrom=naddy@mips.inka.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [0.76 / 15.00]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; FREEFALL_USER(0.00)[naddy]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.00)[-0.001]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[inka.de]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.26)[0.258]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.40)[-0.399]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:202113, ipnet:2a04:c9c7::/32, country:DE]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:00:15 -0000 After the update of Firefox from 80.0.1 to 81.0, the display of tooltips is broken for me. They pop up and immediately disappear again, too quick to read. This affects tooltips on page content and for the built-in PDF reader, but not those for the Firefox user interface. (PR #249465) Canonical test: I can no longer read the mouseover text on xkcd.com, because it flashes by too quickly. Is anybody else seeing this? A conspicuous lack of screaming on the net suggests that it doesn't affect everybody. (FWIW, I observe the same problem on different hardware running OpenBSD.) -- Christian "naddy" Weisgerber naddy@mips.inka.de From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Wed Sep 23 20:21:52 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id AE772425837 for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:21:52 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from pete@nomadlogic.org) Received: from mail.nomadlogic.org (mail.nomadlogic.org [174.136.98.114]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mail.nomadlogic.org", Issuer "Let's Encrypt Authority X3" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BxV2R4jjCz4Jjq for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:21:51 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from pete@nomadlogic.org) Received: from [192.168.1.160] (cpe-23-243-161-111.socal.res.rr.com [23.243.161.111]) by mail.nomadlogic.org (OpenSMTPD) with ESMTPSA id 5d22acff (TLSv1.3:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256:NO); Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:21:44 +0000 (UTC) Subject: Re: Firefox 81.0: disappearing tooltips To: Christian Weisgerber , freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <20200923195921.GA81818@lorvorc.mips.inka.de> From: Pete Wright Message-ID: Date: Wed, 23 Sep 2020 13:21:38 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; FreeBSD amd64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/78.3.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <20200923195921.GA81818@lorvorc.mips.inka.de> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Content-Language: en-US X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BxV2R4jjCz4Jjq X-Spamd-Bar: --- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of pete@nomadlogic.org designates 174.136.98.114 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=pete@nomadlogic.org X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-3.03 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.01)[-1.006]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[nomadlogic.org]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.01)[-1.012]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[23.243.161.111:received]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.71)[-0.708]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:25795, ipnet:174.136.96.0/20, country:US]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:21:52 -0000 On 9/23/20 12:59 PM, Christian Weisgerber wrote: > After the update of Firefox from 80.0.1 to 81.0, the display of > tooltips is broken for me. They pop up and immediately disappear > again, too quick to read. This affects tooltips on page content > and for the built-in PDF reader, but not those for the Firefox user > interface. (PR #249465) > > Canonical test: I can no longer read the mouseover text on xkcd.com, > because it flashes by too quickly. > > Is anybody else seeing this? > A conspicuous lack of screaming on the net suggests that it doesn't > affect everybody. > > (FWIW, I observe the same problem on different hardware running > OpenBSD.) > Hrm, i don't see this behavior running firefox-81.0,2 on CURRENT.  I verified that when i mouse-over a comic in xkcd.com for example i see the tool-tip pop up. -p -- Pete Wright pete@nomadlogic.org @nomadlogicLA From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Wed Sep 23 20:47:07 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6809242671A for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:47:07 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [IPv6:2001:470:0:19b::b869:801b]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "www.holgerdanske.com", Issuer "www.holgerdanske.com" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BxVbZ0q4rz4LRG for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:47:05 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 13:47:00 -0700 Subject: Re: Regarding your case number 10724899 [ ref:_00D00hhzl._5004V11emZL:ref ] To: "discsupport@seagate.com" References: Cc: debian-user@lists.debian.org, freebsd-questions@freebsd.org, license-violation@fsf.org, antitrust.complaints@usdoj.gov From: David Christensen Message-ID: <62d649ba-3211-bd21-21af-705df0a5f3a3@holgerdanske.com> Date: Wed, 23 Sep 2020 13:46:59 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.11.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BxVbZ0q4rz4LRG X-Spamd-Bar: ++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com has no SPF policy when checking 2001:470:0:19b::b869:801b) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.55 / 15.00]; TO_DN_EQ_ADDR_SOME(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[holgerdanske.com]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_FIVE(0.00)[5]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.71)[-0.706]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.81)[0.814]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.46)[-0.455]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:2001:470::/32, country:US]; INTRODUCTION(2.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:47:07 -0000 On 2020-09-23 07:28, discsupport@seagate.com wrote: > Hello David Christensen, > > Welcome to Seagate Support, my name is Arianett and it is my pleasure to assist you today with your Seagate Video 3.5. As I understand, you want an image file of SeaTools Bootable to be used on a Linux. Please know that it is my goal to make you a very satisfied customer. > > At Seagate, we are highly specialized in technical support for drives which are used in Windows and Macintosh Operating Systems. However, sometimes, there are customers who use Unix/Linux OS and ask for support from us, nevertheless, the Linux Operating Systems are highly malleable with drivers and applications that have no customization boundaries. For these reasons, Seagate offers no technical support for drives under Linux Operating System. We apologize for not being equipped to handle these cases.  We always recommend to use Seatools on Windows. > > To ensure we're providing the best support possible we will rely on your feedback as confirmation whether your issue has been resolved or if there is still assistance needed to find a solution. > > Regards, > Arianett > Seagate Support > > > ref:_00D00hhzl._5004V11emZL:ref Why have you not included my original request, as entered into your web form? Your response, and my response, are therefore taken out of context. I asked that you make Seagate SeaTools Bootable available in binary image format. While I specifically mentioned Linux, BSD, and Unix, the binary image format is a defacto standard, neutral, and non-proprietary format that is compatible with all operating systems (including Windows and Macintosh). Seagate SeaTools Bootable is based upon TinyCore Linux, which is released under the GNU General Public License, version 2 (GPL v2). By redistributing TinyCore Linux, you are required by the GPL v2 to make the source code of TinyCore Linux available. Where is the source code? Other software included in Seagate SeaTools Bootable may fall under the GPL v2. If so, you are required to make that source code available. Where is the source code? By supporting only Windows and Macintosh operating systems, and by denying support for all other operating systems, Seagate may be in violation of United States of America anti-trust laws. Finally, I presume that you believe you have fulfilled the letter of the law (and, no, I am not going to read 109 pages of mixed legalese and techno babble): http://support.seagate.com/seachest/SeaChest_Combo_UserGuides.html I request that you to fulfill the intent of the law by making a binary image of Seagate SeaTools Bootable available on your support web site. Sincerely yours, David Christensen Tracy, California, USA dpchrist@holgerdanske.com cc: debian-user@lists.debian.org freebsd-questions@freebsd.org license-violation@fsf.org antitrust.complaints@usdoj.gov From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Thu Sep 24 00:38:31 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A95A43E3D70 for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 00:38:31 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dead_line@hotmail.com) Received: from NAM04-DM6-obe.outbound.protection.outlook.com (mail-dm6nam08olkn2010.outbound.protection.outlook.com [40.92.45.10]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "mail.protection.outlook.com", Issuer "GlobalSign Organization Validation CA - SHA256 - G3" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BxbkZ301Jz4bSW for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 00:38:29 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dead_line@hotmail.com) ARC-Seal: i=1; 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FreeBSD localhost 12.1-RELEASE-p10 FreeBSD 12.1-RELEASE-p10 GENERIC amd64 #portmaster -a =3D=3D=3D>>> Gathering distinfo list for installed ports =3D=3D=3D>>> Starting check of installed ports for available updates =3D=3D=3D>>> All ports are up to date BUT checking the ports # pkg audit -F vulnxml file up-to-date libxml2-2.9.10 is vulnerable: libxml -- multiple vulnerabilities WWW: https://vuxml.FreeBSD.org/freebsd/f5abafc0-fcf6-11ea-8758-e0d55e2a8bf9= .html Kindly, Any idea how to fix this port? Best regards Marwan From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Thu Sep 24 00:51:28 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 235633E443B for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 00:51:28 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from xtouqh@mm.st) Received: from new1-smtp.messagingengine.com (new1-smtp.messagingengine.com [66.111.4.221]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client did not present a certificate) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bxc1W31qqz4bYP for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 00:51:27 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from xtouqh@mm.st) Received: from compute3.internal (compute3.nyi.internal [10.202.2.43]) by mailnew.nyi.internal (Postfix) with ESMTP id D69CC5803D6; Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:45:33 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mailfrontend1 ([10.202.2.162]) by compute3.internal (MEProxy); Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:45:33 -0400 DKIM-Signature: v=1; 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Wed, 23 Sep 2020 20:45:32 -0400 (EDT) Subject: Re: libxml2-2.9.10 is vulnerable To: Marwan Sultan , "freebsd-questions@freebsd.org" References: From: xtouqh@mm.st Message-ID: <2224a9a1-37c2-ae60-9199-aa29df5c6720@mm.st> Date: Thu, 24 Sep 2020 03:45:31 +0300 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; FreeBSD amd64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/78.3.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bxc1W31qqz4bYP X-Spamd-Bar: ++++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=mm.st header.s=fm1 header.b=IXwOCPIf; dkim=pass header.d=messagingengine.com header.s=fm3 header.b=TBmwDK3L; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=mm.st; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of xtouqh@mm.st designates 66.111.4.221 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=xtouqh@mm.st X-Spamd-Result: default: False [4.85 / 15.00]; TO_DN_EQ_ADDR_SOME(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(0.00)[+ip4:66.111.4.221:c]; FREEMAIL_FROM(0.00)[mm.st]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_GOOD(0.00)[66.111.4.221:from]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[4]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[mm.st:+,messagingengine.com:+]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(0.00)[mm.st,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.72)[-0.718]; FREEMAIL_TO(0.00)[hotmail.com,freebsd.org]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW(-0.10)[66.111.4.221:from]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; FREEMAIL_ENVFROM(0.00)[mm.st]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:11403, ipnet:66.111.4.0/24, country:US]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_XBL(5.00)[91.240.124.157:received]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(0.00)[mm.st:s=fm1,messagingengine.com:s=fm3]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.04)[0.039]; BAD_REP_POLICIES(0.10)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.62)[0.624]; FROM_NO_DN(0.00)[]; GREYLIST(0.00)[pass,body]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 24 Sep 2020 00:51:28 -0000 Marwan Sultan wrote: > Good day/evening FreeBSDer > > Its a fresh server, up to date ports, up to date release. > FreeBSD localhost 12.1-RELEASE-p10 FreeBSD 12.1-RELEASE-p10 GENERIC amd64 > > #portmaster -a > > ===>>> Gathering distinfo list for installed ports > > ===>>> Starting check of installed ports for available updates > > ===>>> All ports are up to date > > BUT > checking the ports > > # pkg audit -F > vulnxml file up-to-date > libxml2-2.9.10 is vulnerable: > libxml -- multiple vulnerabilities > WWW: https://vuxml.FreeBSD.org/freebsd/f5abafc0-fcf6-11ea-8758-e0d55e2a8bf9.html > > > > Kindly, > Any idea how to fix this port? Wait for upstream to fix it and for maintainer(s) to update the port. From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Thu Sep 24 02:06:37 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 91B893E9605 for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 02:06:37 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dewayne@heuristicsystems.com.au) Received: from hermes.heuristicsystems.com.au (hermes.heuristicsystems.com.au [203.41.22.115]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2560 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "hermes.heuristicsystems.com.au", Issuer "Heuristic Systems Type 4 Host CA" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BxdhC0fyJz3Vhc for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 02:06:34 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dewayne@heuristicsystems.com.au) Received: from [10.0.5.3] (noddy.hs [10.0.5.3]) (authenticated bits=0) by hermes.heuristicsystems.com.au (8.15.2/8.15.2) with ESMTPSA id 08O2677x090009 (version=TLSv1.3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256 verify=NOT) for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 12:06:08 +1000 (AEST) (envelope-from dewayne@heuristicsystems.com.au) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=simple/simple; d=heuristicsystems.com.au; s=hsa; t=1600913168; x=1601517969; bh=vm7Pk7jSIDowBBDbfUBH+QViJop3S5dOY6sUEVYZTP0=; h=From:Subject:To:Message-ID:Date; b=TnGF2bUQXHw/qvQhhUn60Yk6pt+MGgOSvWgWkLKjViWOTRXYi5Zex43vHHDMyRsIn QM3UBLnLpjwC4ojMhSYJNCJA7JA1dMLHgUwizVJg1LMPnF7AgIAad8zZ8GkDsaNwpF C/rUVq6sopzieoCdtiBm5mDh8J+b1K2ST/SFV7JFjwx0a8eTfKaBy X-Authentication-Warning: b3.hs: Host noddy.hs [10.0.5.3] claimed to be [10.0.5.3] From: Dewayne Geraghty Subject: ps values with a "-", inexplicable? To: "freebsd-questions@freebsd.org" Message-ID: <9d6f278f-935d-322e-b40e-52622d56052b@heuristicsystems.com.au> Date: Thu, 24 Sep 2020 12:06:09 +1000 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/78.2.2 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Language: en-GB Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BxdhC0fyJz3Vhc X-Spamd-Bar: ----- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=heuristicsystems.com.au header.s=hsa header.b=TnGF2bUQ; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dewayne@heuristicsystems.com.au designates 203.41.22.115 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=dewayne@heuristicsystems.com.au X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-5.23 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx]; HAS_XAW(0.00)[]; RCVD_DKIM_ARC_DNSWL_MED(-0.50)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED(-0.20)[203.41.22.115:from]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[heuristicsystems.com.au:+]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-1.01)[-1.009]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:1221, ipnet:203.40.0.0/13, country:AU]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.99)[-0.992]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[heuristicsystems.com.au:s=hsa]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; DWL_DNSWL_MED(-2.00)[heuristicsystems.com.au:dkim]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.03)[-1.028]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[heuristicsystems.com.au]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; TO_DN_EQ_ADDR_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 24 Sep 2020 02:06:37 -0000 While parsing process information, things failed when expected numerical values returned a "-". Can anyone explain why they have a hyphen value? I would expect a zero if unused ... Examples # ps -ax -o pid,ppid,inblk,oublk,msgrcv,msgsnd,majflt,pri,nswap,nvcsw,nivcsw,command -p 6553 PID PPID INBLK OUBLK MSGRCV MSGSND MAJFLT PRI NSWAP NVCSW NIVCSW COMMAND 6553 1 - - - - - 52 - - - adjkerntz -i I first noticed the hyphens when a parser complained due to the parent openkim returning hyphens similar to the above, but after a process restart and two days of running the opendkim is returning an expected: # ps -ax -o pid,ppid,inblk,oublk,msgrcv,msgsnd,majflt,pri,nswap,nvcsw,nivcsw,command |grep opendkim 49616 1 0 0 0 0 0 52 0 2 0 /usr/local/sbin/opendkim -l -p /var/run/milteropendkim/sock -u dkim:mailnull -P /var/run/milopendkim/pid -x /usr/local/etc/opendkim.conf Any insight appreciated? My objective is to examine processes that demonstrate excessive resource use, and if the hyphens indicate no value, or for my purposes zero resources then should I simple convert hyphens to zeros without loosing information? This is on FreeBSD 12.2-STABLE FreeBSD 12.2-STABLE #0 r365645M: amd64 1202500 1202500 From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Thu Sep 24 17:21:30 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0F651422F8A for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 17:21:30 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from bourne.identity@hotmail.com) Received: from EUR04-HE1-obe.outbound.protection.outlook.com (mail-he1eur04olkn0825.outbound.protection.outlook.com [IPv6:2a01:111:f400:fe0d::825]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "mail.protection.outlook.com", Issuer "GlobalSign Organization Validation CA - SHA256 - G3" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4By1zr3Ghvz3fHT for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 17:21:28 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from bourne.identity@hotmail.com) ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; s=arcselector9901; d=microsoft.com; cv=none; b=a6sfCtkVCQYkrhWMiH1kQG3U8e0SbH333qMYb9oex7JSJkAizxS9sp5lVFFnqdADIWkFkCXSXLw6pAFplZIUikHd1KryM61GoLys6a8/EO80Z8BT+MB3m1ioWjARRKNgZoUiAySPuPV1/OpVqt0Xw7lO57Z16bQMZQplzfwi/hBgIDt3fOY6Utzkh6zZ3JEp+WCk1E3ybv/M7EGwgE0G1sikDCkDDfdei62SEiGX592/cZhINVaE9nYggIn0aDrr+Vedm1ZVfiroyFJMuRTUHtMpdUI1SYMT/rfpsNncaxG56aw4dmM02/VFnQpPdaygzHRrqHWh4f0id6PlFvIHaA== ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=microsoft.com; s=arcselector9901; h=From:Date:Subject:Message-ID:Content-Type:MIME-Version:X-MS-Exchange-SenderADCheck; bh=OhthYshap6jGnPWVTemK4Nyq9vsEEV8sFjK9D1qP9Tk=; b=HsDnXm2dx406GQFCj4ozJbfxoDa7DIEHiLmP//Q3k94JPKbu42eqLcuICv/iKASelxTQjGmkh5xh9lUEnvx93FnML7SIi9wj9VK1+z/pHBzv00/KcAXR6pQjnL4LZJf1XYeQzsK29zhyCfONSmL/a8XJ1hBcboWu4qzrFe+fDuT/GF6HfLz9htuC4aKwiKv9o9q33AJmiIGfoazxZjJqo1l+k2pzv5gw6af4mXYMu6QRNjnZF0V3+1V7t/zg6U/NEB5nkDf2AweSSTZwQK5LA8wMPv3keH6Ds2Dj20wRn0G44X+0YTpJzI7ImlxJ7odPBEqRB/OFvz6cku50YCwvyg== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx.microsoft.com 1; spf=none; dmarc=none; dkim=none; arc=none DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=hotmail.com; s=selector1; h=From:Date:Subject:Message-ID:Content-Type:MIME-Version:X-MS-Exchange-SenderADCheck; bh=OhthYshap6jGnPWVTemK4Nyq9vsEEV8sFjK9D1qP9Tk=; b=Bq+vnU6WQmw3gawiBOd9vAEd6aFqPCZSmYpnCJxWNo7YkJxAhDrHtf6xVeTrXxTSnrTfUeDVp2lgjHndC66p0/xy6aLMNmTzDo1aUdFKbUN42QaVGJ6ZJ/VeXDGAluTs/VhYObzq41SsSj5iL0rWl5N5caRhnHH/u9OP17JeONl8Tj4cNNyZ9jBYtr+wsT/cIw8LmkKdFOIO768NbZnUoC0ejJ9HQfbc4HfGqnWpfQ5B7vQIHwXnkP3rGqe/LoIo4nLYXPLGicCVyn5FBgNKg9eLzBdr2Z1O+V+Kd9NQffm2Fvfr+Hm2lIPc5gldrp86cagBBSP4sS11uMf6LcIaKQ== Received: from HE1EUR04FT021.eop-eur04.prod.protection.outlook.com (2a01:111:e400:7e0d::46) by HE1EUR04HT169.eop-eur04.prod.protection.outlook.com (2a01:111:e400:7e0d::381) with Microsoft SMTP Server (version=TLS1_2, cipher=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384) id 15.20.3412.21; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 17:05:33 +0000 Received: from DB8PR06MB6442.eurprd06.prod.outlook.com (2a01:111:e400:7e0d::44) by HE1EUR04FT021.mail.protection.outlook.com (2a01:111:e400:7e0d::100) with Microsoft SMTP Server (version=TLS1_2, cipher=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384) id 15.20.3412.21 via Frontend Transport; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 17:05:33 +0000 X-IncomingTopHeaderMarker: OriginalChecksum:852B4205621D4ED4328CACF790EFAA074727DD6A15BFC0354A4C2140B89A9FEB; UpperCasedChecksum:8BA3694EE99C01D74CB1F2FD4651BCD25048D66AC833E5C72476E77E69D6A92A; SizeAsReceived:8600; Count:46 Received: from DB8PR06MB6442.eurprd06.prod.outlook.com ([fe80::5822:2d5d:a176:574f]) by DB8PR06MB6442.eurprd06.prod.outlook.com ([fe80::5822:2d5d:a176:574f%8]) with mapi id 15.20.3412.022; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 17:05:33 +0000 To: FreeBSD From: Manish Jain Subject: Can someone please have a look at this PR (249458) ? Message-ID: Date: Thu, 24 Sep 2020 22:35:26 +0530 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.12.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-GB Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-ClientProxiedBy: BM1PR0101CA0046.INDPRD01.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM (2603:1096:b00:1a::32) To DB8PR06MB6442.eurprd06.prod.outlook.com (2603:10a6:10:126::7) X-Microsoft-Original-Message-ID: <25e47afc-faed-c4aa-533b-9e4fda0d4103@hotmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 X-MS-Exchange-MessageSentRepresentingType: 1 Received: from [192.168.1.2] (45.127.45.80) by BM1PR0101CA0046.INDPRD01.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM (2603:1096:b00:1a::32) with Microsoft SMTP Server (version=TLS1_2, cipher=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384) id 15.20.3412.22 via Frontend Transport; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 17:05:32 +0000 X-Microsoft-Original-Message-ID: <25e47afc-faed-c4aa-533b-9e4fda0d4103@hotmail.com> X-TMN: [/VPDSuAYhlwPfKQMONhR0PtOGvNXULF8] X-MS-PublicTrafficType: Email X-IncomingHeaderCount: 46 X-EOPAttributedMessage: 0 X-MS-Office365-Filtering-Correlation-Id: 34fd08d0-8d5b-4ff1-f691-08d860ac0c17 X-MS-TrafficTypeDiagnostic: HE1EUR04HT169: X-Microsoft-Antispam: BCL:0; X-Microsoft-Antispam-Message-Info: QDsdXlwddkIhGs1oR/1CtJu7OYdO9XwCvZQkfCMVqT8tF6zgazTs5d+FfWKlqmtVP+ajmHkyhEjna1zzXtxdAzInxYFWeuZeG59p84Xck/KbevFsWNAdiFPqzi5JcvTGyTKLmaVcfDlGgCc68Hxa7DlXzEaJ0ygFBXe2vzs1dkhyt+FwDVZpkd+RbbuU5ijPR/t66efGZail9ev7H0LO6nNNth5sNT3IAi/NhlrTnQdvXHmt0eIqz/p6fRBEljIt X-MS-Exchange-AntiSpam-MessageData: aXpAa6+R7dBxrKFbpiNyA3sIo9rfSHRKmjHN7mCAEFexWJUBQl+2MPcHSCANEcm+sbq1g3VP3Xjan1DIzMEorMTFSy8j5tkB28OUZoX8Gj6DsFskiiK4w1CFKbnz3/TMFW3oqeofAl6Tm455S2Luog== X-OriginatorOrg: hotmail.com X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-Network-Message-Id: 34fd08d0-8d5b-4ff1-f691-08d860ac0c17 X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-OriginalArrivalTime: 24 Sep 2020 17:05:33.2775 (UTC) X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-FromEntityHeader: Hosted X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-Id: 84df9e7f-e9f6-40af-b435-aaaaaaaaaaaa X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-AuthSource: HE1EUR04FT021.eop-eur04.prod.protection.outlook.com X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-AuthAs: Anonymous X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-FromEntityHeader: Internet X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-RMS-PersistedConsumerOrg: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 X-MS-Exchange-Transport-CrossTenantHeadersStamped: HE1EUR04HT169 X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4By1zr3Ghvz3fHT X-Spamd-Bar: +++++++++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=hotmail.com header.s=selector1 header.b=Bq+vnU6W; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=hotmail.com; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of bourne.identity@hotmail.com designates 2a01:111:f400:fe0d::825 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=bourne.identity@hotmail.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [9.92 / 15.00]; FREEMAIL_FROM(0.00)[hotmail.com]; R_SPF_ALLOW(0.00)[+ip6:2a01:111:f400::/48]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[hotmail.com:+]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(0.00)[hotmail.com,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.13)[-0.130]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[45.127.45.80:received]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; FREEMAIL_ENVFROM(0.00)[hotmail.com]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8075, ipnet:2a01:111:f000::/36, country:US]; FORGED_MUA_THUNDERBIRD_MSGID_UNKNOWN(2.50)[]; ARC_ALLOW(0.00)[microsoft.com:s=arcselector9901:i=1]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_XBL(5.00)[45.127.45.80:received]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(0.00)[hotmail.com:s=selector1]; RCVD_COUNT_FIVE(0.00)[5]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; DWL_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[hotmail.com:dkim]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.59)[0.594]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; BAD_REP_POLICIES(0.10)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.96)[0.956]; GREYLIST(0.00)[pass,body]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-Spam: Yes X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 24 Sep 2020 17:21:30 -0000 Hi, I wish to rename shells/poshinit (as switchBashZsh). I would therefore like to drop shells/poshinit as defunct. Once the original (poshinit) has been dropped from the ports/pkg listings, I will create a new PR for a fresh port (named switchBashZsh). The PR for dropping poshinit has been created at : https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=249458 It's been 5 days since the PR was created and nobody has taken up the issue so far. Request somebody to take a look as soon as feasible. Thanks, Manish Jain From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Thu Sep 24 20:29:52 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3C2AB4272CC for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 20:29:52 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from matthew@FreeBSD.org) Received: from smtp.freebsd.org (smtp.freebsd.org [96.47.72.83]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.freebsd.org", Issuer "Let's Encrypt Authority X3" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4By69D0Dtlz481b for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 20:29:52 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from matthew@FreeBSD.org) Received: from smtp.infracaninophile.co.uk (smtp.infracaninophile.co.uk [81.2.117.100]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (Client CN "smtp.infracaninophile.co.uk", Issuer "Let's Encrypt Authority X3" (verified OK)) (Authenticated sender: matthew/mail) by smtp.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 7D88013D39 for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 20:29:51 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from matthew@FreeBSD.org) Received: from liminal.local (unknown [IPv6:2001:8b0:151:1:2d7b:4e5b:17e1:daba]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256) (No client certificate requested) (Authenticated sender: m.seaman@infracaninophile.co.uk) by smtp.infracaninophile.co.uk (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 7A4B313085 for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 20:29:49 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.infracaninophile.co.uk; dmarc=none (p=none dis=none) header.from=FreeBSD.org Authentication-Results: smtp.infracaninophile.co.uk/7A4B313085; dkim=none; dkim-atps=neutral Subject: Re: Can someone please have a look at this PR (249458) ? To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: From: Matthew Seaman Autocrypt: addr=matthew@FreeBSD.org; prefer-encrypt=mutual; keydata= mQINBFJIL80BEADi7/VbnnErDU6pjEhI/SzEZ/HbDRkJ5g7HroAtqIRm6nj8ZwOAgZ/2ZnWn 5F+fXTuLsG0FLNtkd17FoVcuCi5e/GPliXI5cmamV7E1Yz4T8UsJ7RQolimyxVexccKd16Tc AA7B9bFlJSKkBUSD0buj7VjT07xWhRzu6Vgi5r0UjLALYJz977uZA0F1aOGOXREDEAOhdcNc kSNjynqAwDA6dCT1Elpi4key1fYjv4jyDF+GU/YXul2Y/rguA8FCkHd9vyym5eAsLQ5mG00V V9fkEHIpH5KorNVnl/ufHXnkZqmHAZVpFDcrshb7aZ/pL45PXyWgLj+e6etelgj3a2bZi0JF cVdXCnBZVP2oIyYblM11ugTbfCwodORU8a5KfPeztMdAtDr4e+32NTrPdPi5rLT+GUsYz+PL 3A3m3u8bdsFp40DlIrBtSByVjqERxcfhphrEB4J8BXHUG7OAtXkZMlW/PGKDwXJq0O6Z5Tcg YHAoEiSWbXiexHgXNJyP+sqnIlhLWhSJGeJ+C83wqI6oYlZUCW00NkPxcIHnQPV/z+5wQVci TMyaWC2YCIHz4Ljs+TnwWMz0E8PNFDfHVbQ0W4PRGV7gRAqxfL+yKufauIEGbEq8rNDbSwL3 bcUCxR4ZDlaUEUwT4J8naf7rjdgiEYHs2Ig3jeK1+ER4FPG1sQARAQABtCRNYXR0aGV3IFNl YW1hbiA8bWF0dGhld0BmcmVlYnNkLm9yZz6JAlQEEwEKAD4CGwMFCwkIBwMFFQoJCAsFFgMC 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Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.12.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: Content-Type: multipart/signed; micalg=pgp-sha512; protocol="application/pgp-signature"; boundary="77F7vUmYZQ3QZPwmU0Vt6eMprbRlDLHyJ" X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 24 Sep 2020 20:29:52 -0000 This is an OpenPGP/MIME signed message (RFC 4880 and 3156) --77F7vUmYZQ3QZPwmU0Vt6eMprbRlDLHyJ Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="d2QdopksSInFjWqyqFHtYewooiyhXc5nr" --d2QdopksSInFjWqyqFHtYewooiyhXc5nr Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Language: en-GB Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable On 24/09/2020 18:05, Manish Jain wrote: > I wish to rename shells/poshinit (as switchBashZsh). I would therefore > like to drop shells/poshinit as defunct. Once the original (poshinit) > has been dropped from the ports/pkg listings, I will create a new PR fo= r > a fresh port (named switchBashZsh). >=20 > The PR for dropping poshinit has been created at : >=20 > https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3D249458 >=20 > It's been 5 days since the PR was created and nobody has taken up the > issue so far. Request somebody to take a look as soon as feasible. If you want to rename the port, then you should just rename the port. Deleting the port and re-creating it under a different name is pretty much a no-no as that doesn't preserve the history in the ports repo. I see you are the upstream author of the software, and also that you have a new github repo under the new name. If that's all ready to go I can commit the necessary changes? Cheers, Matthew --d2QdopksSInFjWqyqFHtYewooiyhXc5nr-- --77F7vUmYZQ3QZPwmU0Vt6eMprbRlDLHyJ Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name="signature.asc" Content-Description: OpenPGP digital signature Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="signature.asc" -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQKTBAEBCgB9FiEEGfFU7L8RLlBUTj8wAFE/EOCp5OcFAl9tAb1fFIAAAAAALgAo aXNzdWVyLWZwckBub3RhdGlvbnMub3BlbnBncC5maWZ0aGhvcnNlbWFuLm5ldDE5 RjE1NEVDQkYxMTJFNTA1NDRFM0YzMDAwNTEzRjEwRTBBOUU0RTcACgkQAFE/EOCp 5Oc+Zw//ZDsWEeDwkaHwMpFf2FMNSsR4q0DDoMxREHqlih4PCGeBc6ggu/4NNLEx 5dDmtGhNOUYj1GSagDOInZyMnuh/pGRHUeo6o9e05nlyAm/TsBegtC3DBhjs6FkA ELqVch3yLmpOtRgf9rSNj5LPTvMsXiellr5Sds6d77JeciRXdV+EjYEfi/FWRQFJ Ux05iJ8EB7w0xrdEaRj4WDUxWr4XrkmpcqPV/inM+BqWc71BavJteO3EOh3zUIt5 TVhFHInixumtsIZGAke+eE5Es6RPo2Q8IBfxysgft3w7cVU/d1tg28q9LEhuFVLx LBQH57aDxXGBOerGtASmBvk3AiUMTKGjf18ziCJtJknSYYVebo1NdptBmr7FwQeE PJx4tPsvJq/V03C3Fiu7JS6lLN3HCI6cC3rziwSVv5NpGkQLPNDvrSIz6X7VldRv UvOton1RlTwi9wUoWuSNKqXkUMFRNyGf/B/+rRcaeVZ4ZhQtaHtHAOg+aTFTal/P r5Cld5lKP8siF4lv73o+NFgB1cLte28V1L5vFDqemndLspJ6gzS+mglzMELl3uUs M/dayZv73RDo1Re0s6Kads8alZhl/Qf61jVeYNvD9ixwxCKfzwfd2RbCgZ5OJoNF 8AKr/yTQtKdsEF7brIaQnOK0ofUtdwNzIttmZ6zGeINF1Yr+wS0= =CWBr -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --77F7vUmYZQ3QZPwmU0Vt6eMprbRlDLHyJ-- From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Fri Sep 25 05:46:45 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id C077A3EACD6 for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 05:46:45 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [IPv6:2001:470:0:19b::b869:801b]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "www.holgerdanske.com", Issuer "www.holgerdanske.com" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4ByLWm6ldmz4g29 for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 05:46:44 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 22:46:35 -0700 Subject: Re: Regarding your case number 10724899 [ ref:_00D00hhzl._5004V11emZL:ref ] To: "discsupport@seagate.com" References: <1zr37000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000QH6PT000xnpezbIfSciX_94747igUg@sfdc.net> Cc: debian-user@lists.debian.org, freebsd-questions@freebsd.org, license-violation@fsf.org, antitrust.complaints@usdoj.gov From: David Christensen Message-ID: Date: Thu, 24 Sep 2020 22:46:34 -0700 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.11.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <1zr37000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000QH6PT000xnpezbIfSciX_94747igUg@sfdc.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4ByLWm6ldmz4g29 X-Spamd-Bar: ++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com has no SPF policy when checking 2001:470:0:19b::b869:801b) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.97 / 15.00]; TO_DN_EQ_ADDR_SOME(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[holgerdanske.com]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_FIVE(0.00)[5]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.38)[-0.384]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.13)[0.134]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.32)[0.317]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:2001:470::/32, country:US]; INTRODUCTION(2.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2020 05:46:45 -0000 On 2020-09-24 15:43, discsupport@seagate.com wrote: > Thank you for getting back to us with that information. My name is Angelo. I am very sorry that the steps provided to you in the last email did not work. I would like to assure you that we will continue to do our best to find a resolution that works for you > > You will need a Windows computer to burn the SeaTools boot image to a flash drive OR any Linux computer that supports burning ISO files to a flash drive, therefore regardless of the operating system you will need to burn the ISO file to a drive flash and start the computer from there to run SeaTools Bootable. > https://www.seagate.com/manuals/software/seatools-bootable/support-and-open-source-statement/ > > Please let us know if the solution above meets all of your support needs. We look forward to your response.  Have a great week. Remember we are here to help you and we will be happy to do so from Monday – Friday > > Kind regards, > > Angelo > Seagate Support > https://support2.seagate.com/ > > > ref:_00D00hhzl._5004V11emZL:ref What is the URL for the ISO file for SeaToolsBootable_RC_2.1.2? What is the URL for the source code for TinyCore Linux and any other GPL v2 code distributed with SeaToolsBootable_RC_2.1.2? Sincerely yours, David Christensen Tracy, California, USA dpchrist@holgerdanske.com cc: debian-user@lists.debian.org freebsd-questions@freebsd.org license-violation@fsf.org antitrust.complaints@usdoj.gov From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Fri Sep 25 06:32:33 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1691C3EC888 for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 06:32:33 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dewayne@heuristicsystems.com.au) Received: from hermes.heuristicsystems.com.au (hermes.heuristicsystems.com.au [203.41.22.115]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2560 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "hermes.heuristicsystems.com.au", Issuer "Heuristic Systems Type 4 Host CA" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4ByMXc2tGHz4j4y for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 06:32:32 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dewayne@heuristicsystems.com.au) Received: from [10.0.5.3] (noddy.hs [10.0.5.3]) (authenticated bits=0) by hermes.heuristicsystems.com.au (8.15.2/8.15.2) with ESMTPSA id 08P6Vfq2078710 (version=TLSv1.3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256 verify=NOT) for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 16:31:41 +1000 (AEST) (envelope-from dewayne@heuristicsystems.com.au) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=simple/simple; d=heuristicsystems.com.au; s=hsa; t=1601015501; x=1601620302; bh=hlBRds99HvBNuXsEdt9Oaiw29yaWtISi9uPH8BAzgm4=; h=From:Subject:To:Message-ID:Date; b=MEGg5Axvq20eooweWbbj8DQDrg/mcq08ObsPxEY0p+KTxNLHK1PZjMODXwjUvSPCy mTTwf9SaSLLmIlOdqa9iLBYmjPlAlttUQ9+Zm+mWJeVB46zbFA/94QnE9WMhfm7ISo NFgODubfFyssFI2clNw2w5vFUcy5MZZRy0T5ByftEOGPkUdcB+rHG X-Authentication-Warning: b3.hs: Host noddy.hs [10.0.5.3] claimed to be [10.0.5.3] From: Dewayne Geraghty Subject: Clarification of vnode sysctls as numvnodes doesnt decrease (FBSD12.2)? To: "freebsd-questions@freebsd.org" Message-ID: <9081f04a-3fdf-2435-5efc-47eb5f233225@heuristicsystems.com.au> Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2020 16:31:43 +1000 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/78.2.2 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Language: en-GB Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4ByMXc2tGHz4j4y X-Spamd-Bar: --- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=heuristicsystems.com.au header.s=hsa header.b=MEGg5Axv; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dewayne@heuristicsystems.com.au designates 203.41.22.115 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=dewayne@heuristicsystems.com.au X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-3.94 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx:c]; HAS_XAW(0.00)[]; RCVD_DKIM_ARC_DNSWL_MED(-0.50)[]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[heuristicsystems.com.au:+]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED(-0.20)[203.41.22.115:from]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:1221, ipnet:203.40.0.0/13, country:AU]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.00)[-1.002]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[heuristicsystems.com.au:s=hsa]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; DWL_DNSWL_MED(-2.00)[heuristicsystems.com.au:dkim]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.98)[-0.976]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[heuristicsystems.com.au]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.23)[0.234]; TO_DN_EQ_ADDR_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2020 06:32:33 -0000 I used procstat to tally the number of vnodes that are actually in use, in my case its 925. Now this is relatively idle (load <10%) unless its building os or ports. As we do build in jails, we have a large number of vnodes. From sysctl's kern.maxvnodes=700000 vfs.wantfreevnodes=175000 vfs.numvnodes=700000 vfs.ncpurgeminvnodes=256 should vfs.numvnodes be read as 700,000 vnodes are available, or as the memory has been allocated, or remain linked in some way to the file that they were previously associated with(the latter seems crazy)? In previous versions of FreeBSD the vfs.numvnodes did decrease, somewhat. If the vnodes are allocated, then during idle periods, would be a good time to vacuum the vnodes, but how? On FreeBSD 12.2-STABLE #0 r365645M -------------------- Machines current state from tallying "procstat -f -a" and some relevant sysctls: Procstat file descriptor types vn sock pipe fifo cryp shmem msg posix kque Proc term 925 302 342 99 0 3 0 0 20 0 15 Procstat vnode types block char dir fifo slink regfile sock revdev notvn 0 289 303 0 0 333 0 0 782 Correlate with kern.openfiles=857 kern.ipc.numopensockets=264 Network connections via netstat -na: 160 From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Fri Sep 25 06:44:59 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 762633EC9EA for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 06:44:59 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from mx1.riseup.net (mx1.riseup.net [198.252.153.129]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4ByMpy1dhFz4jfC for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 06:44:57 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from capuchin.riseup.net (capuchin-pn.riseup.net [10.0.1.176]) (using TLSv1 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (not verified)) by mx1.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4ByMpw1JZFzFdw6 for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 23:44:56 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=riseup.net; s=squak; t=1601016296; bh=LRdQFJ62IgkU1xOQ2gOGR5tF0dAebA2OKvF5mfcXMLU=; h=Date:From:To:Subject:In-Reply-To:References:From; b=dwO8kvx8lF/Br/QtoKEoQhho0xGI03NW1xy92fbyvQ1MyJ3B3MDDTD6pCgF+wfiY0 sTxvNU/+TS5l7OqnBCN0vF9oHqCNbGGgZpRlnf0BCzQDj3W5s1VIT5bYUZ/nRkpRBW ubGncf7O4PEQIqFQYivEJRJc/SznU5DHZdT3Xo0s= X-Riseup-User-ID: D7DDA997194E20A943C7415753B096B0F1DD242EBF4E395B4FD843B28E45179B Received: from [127.0.0.1] (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by capuchin.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 4ByMpv3cSBz8v92 for ; Thu, 24 Sep 2020 23:44:55 -0700 (PDT) Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2020 08:44:52 +0200 From: Ralf Mardorf To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Regarding your case number 10724899 [ ref:_00D00hhzl._5004V11emZL:ref ] Message-ID: <20200925084452.3245e533@moonstudio> In-Reply-To: References: <1zr37000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000QH6PT000xnpezbIfSciX_94747igUg@sfdc.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4ByMpy1dhFz4jfC X-Spamd-Bar: --- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=riseup.net header.s=squak header.b=dwO8kvx8; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=riseup.net; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of ralf-mardorf@riseup.net designates 198.252.153.129 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=ralf-mardorf@riseup.net X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-3.90 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[riseup.net:s=squak]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.01)[-1.014]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_GOOD(0.00)[198.252.153.129:from]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; DWL_DNSWL_LOW(-1.00)[riseup.net:dkim]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[riseup.net:+]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[riseup.net,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.28)[-0.276]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.01)[-1.006]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; MID_RHS_NOT_FQDN(0.50)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:16652, ipnet:198.252.153.0/24, country:US]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW(-0.10)[198.252.153.129:from] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2020 06:44:59 -0000 You are aware that sending this mail to a support is spam to the mailing lists that have got nothing to do with this support? On Thu, 24 Sep 2020 22:46:34 -0700, David Christensen wrote: >What is the URL for the ISO file for SeaToolsBootable[snip]? Google: https://www.seagate.com/support/downloads/seatools/ >What is the URL for the source code for [snip] any [snip] >GPL v2 code distributed with SeaToolsBootable [snip]? This kind of nitpicking is the reason that some vendors never ever will support FLOSS operating systems. Without this nitpicking way more vendors would use and/or support FLOSS operating systems. Most of the times it will not result in hosting the source codes on a vendor's server, it more likely will end up with dropping FLOSS entirely. From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Fri Sep 25 09:30:44 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 22D9D3F0B91 for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 09:30:44 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from jerry@seibercom.net) Received: from mail-qk1-x72d.google.com (mail-qk1-x72d.google.com [IPv6:2607:f8b0:4864:20::72d]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4ByRVC14CSz4tcp for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 09:30:42 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from jerry@seibercom.net) Received: by mail-qk1-x72d.google.com with SMTP id n133so2109198qkn.11 for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 02:30:42 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=seibercom.net; s=google; h=date:from:to:subject:message-id:in-reply-to:references:reply-to :organization:mime-version:content-transfer-encoding; bh=Oslxmh7U0QMAUYnbBw7BFQaUCg7TArI5p+yG/luCTPM=; b=fCmH9pVsFhnHE6u2bQvf0R5WTwrd0cZ/EP5CnfPAmByVDvKH52VGWmCjYDTE5H8C7T EBA6hdd7qre5PVWJvsasepKchjIsgczq4/4EhcHBfu5N3L5xCAXFR+7ryMTLDQBf9uK7 EaRcCeVqkKwMh0v8fFa6tJO6qgv4N/f9+weng= X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:date:from:to:subject:message-id:in-reply-to :references:reply-to:organization:mime-version :content-transfer-encoding; bh=Oslxmh7U0QMAUYnbBw7BFQaUCg7TArI5p+yG/luCTPM=; b=OJzRw2RSO7MwmHgyKl6ucbMVZSMfpVadsyOP7vyq3BbgEVMshiiZa0K7sTDZdnlGmX kZXbNAR0ocJi5fBvT0KKkZUHOydZFV3BsTzYoeGIlVOoy7l4xlFN1ZO5N26vYZ9LFGwB 7O0ugtpri7u+t1yfXDbnKijrryR4CIxhtmRz51lHxaYUysngO809vDAOguhUvUyHm9Vz HGzO/2jSV+pDG//+YAN2WDY0DKY3f63T7aPLDc+y25cqWqrBfXtvmOfWhD+ePKjt+5UW aZJyce2L2W1inxFZ+K1BNUnL2SC0ZV6LUp43Wiv0/rZSSHKLRHRKRfNvB9sWl3DLHuxZ jR2Q== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM5336I0t915Zp6xzOQ1gaCe8597scWjwwy/SKDUqzwiZss8Ly2XHx Q0adiLqGl2ni1FXpMeIlsPFllmXqt/VbzA== X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJwFSZMl/ekSVSQErr7955lwpiYBGgfCaTtj/YP0xu21yVH+7pQKa/Un//hDuNtR5tUlfiIvZQ== X-Received: by 2002:ac8:6916:: with SMTP id e22mr3272946qtr.141.1601025862462; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 02:24:22 -0700 (PDT) Received: from scorpio.seibercom.net (cpe-174-109-231-236.nc.res.rr.com. [174.109.231.236]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id q3sm1319900qkq.132.2020.09.25.02.24.20 for (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Fri, 25 Sep 2020 02:24:21 -0700 (PDT) Received: from localhost (hp-envy.seibercom.net [192.168.1.102]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) server-digest SHA256) (No client certificate requested) (Authenticated sender: jerry@seibercom.net) by scorpio.seibercom.net (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 4ByRLq6xWpz1jfW for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 05:24:19 -0400 (EDT) Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2020 05:24:18 -0400 From: Jerry To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Regarding your case number 10724899 [ ref:_00D00hhzl._5004V11emZL:ref ] Message-ID: <20200925052418.00007bb0@seibercom.net> In-Reply-To: <20200925084452.3245e533@moonstudio> References: <1zr37000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000QH6PT000xnpezbIfSciX_94747igUg@sfdc.net> <20200925084452.3245e533@moonstudio> Reply-To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Organization: seibercom.net X-Mailer: Claws Mail 3.17.4 (GTK+ 2.24.32; i686-w64-mingw32) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4ByRVC14CSz4tcp X-Spamd-Bar: ++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=seibercom.net header.s=google header.b=fCmH9pVs; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of jerry@seibercom.net designates 2607:f8b0:4864:20::72d as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=jerry@seibercom.net X-Spamd-Result: default: False [2.49 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ip6:2607:f8b0:4000::/36]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[4]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[seibercom.net:+]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.04)[-0.039]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[174.109.231.236:received]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2607:f8b0::/32, country:US]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; REPLYTO_EQ_TO_ADDR(5.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.98)[-0.979]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[seibercom.net:s=google]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.99)[-0.993]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[seibercom.net]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2607:f8b0:4864:20::72d:from]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; GREYLIST(0.00)[pass,body]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2020 09:30:44 -0000 On Fri, 25 Sep 2020 08:44:52 +0200, Ralf Mardorf commented: >You are aware that sending this mail to a support is spam to the >mailing lists that have got nothing to do with this support? > >On Thu, 24 Sep 2020 22:46:34 -0700, David Christensen wrote: >>What is the URL for the ISO file for SeaToolsBootable[snip]? > >Google: https://www.seagate.com/support/downloads/seatools/ > >>What is the URL for the source code for [snip] any [snip] >>GPL v2 code distributed with SeaToolsBootable [snip]? > >This kind of nitpicking is the reason that some vendors never ever will >support FLOSS operating systems. Without this nitpicking way more >vendors would use and/or support FLOSS operating systems. > >Most of the times it will not result in hosting the source codes on a >vendor's server, it more likely will end up with dropping FLOSS >entirely. I had a talk with a technician from Brother USA several years ago regarding them directly supporting FreeBSD as they do some other FOSS distributions. What you just mentioned was one of their concerns. There were others, a lot of others, but it all came down to it was not financially feasible for them to do it. -- Jerry From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Fri Sep 25 21:20:34 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id C88A03E5633 for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 21:20:34 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from tomek@cedro.info) Received: from mail-wr1-x42d.google.com (mail-wr1-x42d.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:4864:20::42d]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "GTS CA 1O1" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4BylFG0tLvz4bqV for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 21:20:33 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from tomek@cedro.info) Received: by mail-wr1-x42d.google.com with SMTP id k10so2242418wru.6 for ; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 14:20:33 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=cedro.info; s=google; h=mime-version:from:date:message-id:subject:to; bh=kYkFUkVSBRkH4Jqda4jyWC156yvoO8FcGl4FV0MokNU=; b=NBtzso60Yza3upCLYyCACqEUQ7dAbKxBorA3vwdJBBd2ix6YXJ8Y1vA4v854GvcKFY EMi1jUfhQJWOlKGC3Bem94GWjr0FEef+ctNgimAXNuI0eO5VV943lQMlu+qRejaZgwdb byICY7mReRnbui7uF/tXJTJozQEiPeL6E+W17ExUdlui5RUUZkg5kyDZsHpz8SbMuRGT v2bnqvNkMd4Ci68zUwKFCZUmAHOWuFfRTy+cmDR9V2uX3HP0mmXTEVAOAaU1+SwrBQRX 0gu9K2WMDJbxVwVoUC7lAhbOrOoiLTTf44M9yp5yXkrnektQfIY6e8yHZegl3/EzQrsb IkYg== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:mime-version:from:date:message-id:subject:to; bh=kYkFUkVSBRkH4Jqda4jyWC156yvoO8FcGl4FV0MokNU=; b=JIEuTQ2cKkhBIM0kbU+1TKg70A1Xch36ieOheDaL0DojbBabMhWmJnu/Niqc+jlFcW 1bUDg1t+ki3nXABuwG6dTU/SJ1FgiJLW7Qw7wM23LcXaH3r6YisHqoBmnUQYuzIbAS6B iQ6DNEtzoeiumK6SaEqcONFfIlFXNgXfo4TmZZrI7FYEOzSQ7vGbEELNK/SsNkjs1bg7 Bb3995ginbp2mwzQhGpR4G1szNebcUXMeh69umkFdTCwQZlL6e2fTre/ZPTbJtZPIbWc sr+Dj/peZxFSOeJthU+C1v63KAtdczxh95DBDep7lJ7/fjlLqe0Zd65Bz5HNHE9t44VP btqA== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM532+ngxs+hUBzxLD6gtcE3sNm67csAUUYgZ4IrtpwpbhyiCeTgjV 7v8z6ktjE/mUDnHvmXa5tVi7fIQn5NPYLVIA64359xvUBiuabg== X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJx19Pf/EpcII+z+PpbwNnq4gK5NzmqONPi775t7pLcQhjvnmB9W1LdW+no8eu+YUmudLbr6+v/0oTA2vddC0cE= X-Received: by 2002:adf:fc4e:: with SMTP id e14mr6500818wrs.329.1601068832045; Fri, 25 Sep 2020 14:20:32 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 From: Tomasz CEDRO Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2020 23:20:20 +0200 Message-ID: Subject: Zephyr OS development on FreeBSD To: FreeBSD Questions Mailing List Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4BylFG0tLvz4bqV X-Spamd-Bar: - Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=cedro.info header.s=google header.b=NBtzso60; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of tomek@cedro.info has no SPF policy when checking 2a00:1450:4864:20::42d) smtp.mailfrom=tomek@cedro.info X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-1.91 / 15.00]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.77)[-0.772]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[cedro.info:s=google]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.69)[-0.694]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[cedro.info]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[cedro.info:+]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.14)[-0.144]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[2a00:1450:4864:20::42d:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2a00:1450::/32, country:US]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2020 21:20:34 -0000 Hello world :-) I saw that embedded Zephyr OS [1] is getting some traction and very interesting results as compared to other much more complicated and a bit messy micro operating systems for small IoT microcontrollers. What is more it does not only run on ARM-Cortex-M but also ESP32, RISC-V, and many many more :-) Did anyone play with this OS and did some development here on FreeBSD? :-) Best regards :-) Tomek [1] https://zephyrproject.org/ -- CeDeROM, SQ7MHZ, http://www.tomek.cedro.info From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sat Sep 26 11:35:35 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0B2EE3FBC00 for ; Sat, 26 Sep 2020 11:35:35 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from mx1.riseup.net (mx1.riseup.net [198.252.153.129]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bz6Cn4Trpz4V3S for ; Sat, 26 Sep 2020 11:35:33 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from ralf-mardorf@riseup.net) Received: from bell.riseup.net (bell-pn.riseup.net [10.0.1.178]) (using TLSv1 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (Client CN "*.riseup.net", Issuer "Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA" (not verified)) by mx1.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Bz6Cc2gDqzFl3T for ; Sat, 26 Sep 2020 04:35:24 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=riseup.net; s=squak; t=1601120131; bh=vZsWctPt4XDaDaZp/1l4UIsjZxBsFHBtbzKgBrew1S4=; h=Date:From:To:Subject:In-Reply-To:References:From; b=HPq0p4rmJHkm6uaThUQgZ/Qgo8y1JfOQXUp7QK8Jly7QVCQU9ycRGXErB2AIY74Aa RB4ZNDSM4vsOB1YDaoBF1fCu0AiG9gtsn4ftB5nxMbwnp8y8FSKFSP38GFwXS2CmeR MDANftAcjYfmBx7/qpFE8PGb7NLBrSrxg9v9qZNg= X-Riseup-User-ID: B5F1E8F06CC323E6E5045B4F2B1E19C8EA76F73A6679E780FF54F15A9376D25C Received: from [127.0.0.1] (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by bell.riseup.net (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 4Bz6Cb4zNJzJp57 for ; Sat, 26 Sep 2020 04:35:23 -0700 (PDT) Date: Sat, 26 Sep 2020 13:35:20 +0200 From: Ralf Mardorf To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Regarding your case number 10724899 [ ref:_00D00hhzl._5004V11emZL:ref ] Message-ID: <20200926133520.44424b93@archlinux> In-Reply-To: <20200925052418.00007bb0@seibercom.net> References: <1zr37000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000QH6PT000xnpezbIfSciX_94747igUg@sfdc.net> <20200925084452.3245e533@moonstudio> <20200925052418.00007bb0@seibercom.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Bz6Cn4Trpz4V3S X-Spamd-Bar: ---- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=riseup.net header.s=squak header.b=HPq0p4rm; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=riseup.net; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of ralf-mardorf@riseup.net designates 198.252.153.129 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=ralf-mardorf@riseup.net X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-4.22 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[riseup.net:s=squak]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.94)[-0.940]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_GOOD(0.00)[198.252.153.129:from]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; DWL_DNSWL_LOW(-1.00)[riseup.net:dkim]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[riseup.net:+]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[riseup.net,none]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.69)[-0.689]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.99)[-0.994]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; MID_RHS_NOT_FQDN(0.50)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:16652, ipnet:198.252.153.0/24, country:US]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW(-0.10)[198.252.153.129:from] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.33 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sat, 26 Sep 2020 11:35:35 -0000 On Fri, 25 Sep 2020 05:24:18 -0400, Jerry wrote: >On Fri, 25 Sep 2020 08:44:52 +0200, Ralf Mardorf commented: >>You are aware that sending this mail to a support is spam to the >>mailing lists that have got nothing to do with this support? >> >>On Thu, 24 Sep 2020 22:46:34 -0700, David Christensen wrote: =20 >>>What is the URL for the ISO file for SeaToolsBootable[snip]? =20 >> >>Google: https://www.seagate.com/support/downloads/seatools/ >> =20 >>>What is the URL for the source code for [snip] any [snip] >>>GPL v2 code distributed with SeaToolsBootable [snip]? =20 >> >>This kind of nitpicking is the reason that some vendors never ever >>will support FLOSS operating systems. Without this nitpicking way more >>vendors would use and/or support FLOSS operating systems. >> >>Most of the times it will not result in hosting the source codes on a >>vendor's server, it more likely will end up with dropping FLOSS >>entirely. =20 > >I had a talk with a technician from Brother USA several years ago >regarding them directly supporting FreeBSD as they do some other FOSS >distributions. What you just mentioned was one of their concerns. There >were others, a lot of others, but it all came down to it was not >financially feasible for them to do it. =46rom a vendor's point of view there indeed could be way more issues, hence nitpicking about hosting source code, that already is hosted by upstream, is counter-productive regarding one and the other goal. Sometimes a "please follow the rules as close as possible", is way more constructive, than following rules without any considerations. Sure, way to much traffic could become an issue for upstream, while a rich company might profit for free as in beer, OTOH an altruistic, philanthrope project might become impossible, even while not causing an issue for upstream. The r=C3=A9sum=C3=A9 is "balance" is required, but "nitpicking" is "self-defeating".