From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sat Feb 13 03:56:19 2021 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4DF4353CCEE for ; Sat, 13 Feb 2021 03:56:19 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [212.227.17.24]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass Class 2 CA" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4DcxPG0ZDbz4tyJ for ; Sat, 13 Feb 2021 03:56:17 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([94.222.20.196]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue108 [212.227.15.183]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1MEmEf-1l7nEa0yol-00GHLa; Sat, 13 Feb 2021 04:56:15 +0100 Date: Sat, 13 Feb 2021 04:56:14 +0100 From: Polytropon To: Graham Perrin Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Partitioning Message-Id: <20210213045614.71f2202b.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <055e547a-c57a-048e-5458-4cf60b31ca7a@gmail.com> References: <055e547a-c57a-048e-5458-4cf60b31ca7a@gmail.com> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:JdekdnBDdZvuAErf6KKAcodhPPJZQFn6FLbAz+Kdt5c7L4eYKlg 5HI5Ty1CNt/Ay42FTBT54MiiYw4dyz1K1m4U+jC7Ux1x/kTQFHlV+k++QBSiN92A2+EIoyx dzmtCrZvx/Z6PNyy8YH4Q3/Lgath7c8EOI9Ozq7sLzR9eBAD9F30A3fpkhb2zxCNVZAPC9p E5NCmlpSWqR7GhvIN9iLg== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:Hwz3yrtpCgM=:55r/KKT/MzBVCmxzLmQfJc uM7a2ZvLZohqrybXTDygoQxK0+hjDs8UOeGrUVyR9BBwQBRf5QJxFa3wVbzPUB4WKm0G7nLnB G3lU2WyBjcw7bVB3OO+nAN5QQb8abROqBsoxizsloMkBV/nzQVrgPUuyijsAPp6CE5QL/MtWN /VwzthQjRxqkQD5K7JLWs+H3KNjrYzEgLKECKfSX9EDgmprixh/oYfW1+wdFXMt8bLI7wD2jx 3bNJn79KKeSMW7mX1yufHmGwDJUrvUNnArosBX78lB/76xbRQFZBl5r+pdq4QrXWHQWPsiKXC EsaQHkdYsr3o/VtDBBzCyB4GJ3zCPPetB80ejOX+saFq0EBtBzIWh8dCPWv4p+OIURD2zidXv 1YGkKsYWpHmUl/AXBvCjPNYmUKZzY33M4c70jVRvzJ4fVDGrF2IPQTTnu0bUN X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4DcxPG0ZDbz4tyJ X-Spamd-Bar: / Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=none (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of freebsd@edvax.de has no SPF policy when checking 212.227.17.24) smtp.mailfrom=freebsd@edvax.de X-Spamd-Result: default: False [0.95 / 15.00]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-1.00)[-1.000]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; FREEMAIL_TO(0.00)[gmail.com]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; RBL_DBL_DONT_QUERY_IPS(0.00)[212.227.17.24:from]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:212.227.0.0/16, country:DE]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.00)[-1.000]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; SPAMHAUS_ZRD(0.00)[212.227.17.24:from:127.0.2.255]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[94.222.20.196:received]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(0.55)[0.547]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[212.227.17.24:from]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[no SPF record]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[212.227.17.24:from]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MAILMAN_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-questions] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.34 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sat, 13 Feb 2021 03:56:19 -0000 On Fri, 12 Feb 2021 19:19:33 +0000, Graham Perrin wrote: > On 11/02/2021 20:32, david russell wrote: > > > In my opinion an all in 1 partition is a disaster waiting to happen. > > In what way? If you have things like /tmp, /var/log, /home and so rooted in the same partition, a "runaway process" could fill your whole disk just writing to /tmp, and you wouldn't know, because a log file can no longer be written. Also users might be affected and cannot save their work files as /home runs out of space (simply because / is full). Especially on systems providing server functionalities, this kind of problem is not desired. Another useful thing about partitioning is that you can backup and restore partition-wise. You can also use different mount options (such as noatime where you don't need it, and even noexec when you want to prevent accidental executions). You can also "switch" between certain environments or even /home subtrees if needed. For large-scale data recovery, it's also easier to work with separated partitions, for example, if you need to recover something from /home, you can leave /usr, /tmp, and /var out of scope entirely, and those partitions won't be subject to recovery attempts - you can concentrate on /home. However, this partitioning approach is historically grown (as it initially wasn't about partitions on the same disk, but about different physical swappable disks with limited capacity as well different speed) and doesn't fit all modern needs. Especially for home system, having one / partition often is the best solution. And UFS's fixed size partitioning (with previous planning!) doesn't make it fit for changing purposes. > Have you tried accepting the ZFS option? The initial question probably was UFS-centered, as with using ZFS, you can resize partitions any time you want, and it's a lot easier to manage them. Everything mentioned above can easily be done with ZFS, and more. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...