Date: Tue, 12 May 1998 15:34:08 -0500 From: MIKE JENKINS <jenkins.mike@epamail.epa.gov> To: grog@lemis.com Cc: freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: Multiple partitions per disk (was: Writable /usr?) Message-ID: <s5586c31.049@wpmail.gbr.epa.gov>
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Greg, I think "we are mixing apples and oranges". The multiple partitions I am talking about are the OS partitions not the user partitions (/home). I agree that a single partition per disk for non-OS stuff is a good idea. The question is "How do you set up the OS partitions for installation?". By default, a 4.4BSD install wants a /, swap, /var, and /usr and this is spelled out in "Installing and Operating 4.4BSD UNIX". You could minimize this and have a /, swap, and /usr (like SunOS 4.X) where /var lives in / (or symlink /var to /usr/var after the install). You could also minimize this and have a / and swap where /var and /usr live in /. I like a small /, a MFS /tmp, a separate /var, and a read-only /usr. If I want to build the OS, I'll use a separate /usr/src filesystem. You like a small / and a large /usr for the rest of the OS. See below and also http://www.BSDI.COM/support/misc/disk-layout. Mike Piece from "Installing and Operating 4.4BSD UNIX": ... The filesystem in 4.4BSD has been reorganized in an effort to meet several goals: 1) The root filesystem should be small. 2) There should be a per-architecture centrally-shareable read-only /usr filesystem. 3) Variable per-machine directories should be concentrated below a single mount point named /var. 4) Site-wide machine independent shareable text files should be separated from architecture specific binary files and should be concentrated below a single mount point named /usr/share. These goals are realized with the following general layouts. The reorganized root filesystem has the following directo- ries: /etc (config files) /bin (user binaries needed when single-user) /sbin (root binaries needed when single-user) /local (locally added binaries used only by this machine) /tmp (mount point for memory based filesystem) /dev (local devices) /home (mount point for AMD) /var (mount point for per-machine variable directories) /usr (mount point for multiuser binaries and files) The reorganized /usr filesystem has the following directo- ries: /usr/bin (user binaries) /usr/contrib (software contributed to 4.4BSD) /usr/games (binaries for games, score files in /var) /usr/include (standard include files) /usr/lib (lib*.a from old /usr/lib) /usr/libdata (databases from old /usr/lib) /usr/libexec (executables from old /usr/lib) /usr/local (locally added binaries used site-wide) /usr/old (deprecated binaries) /usr/sbin (root binaries) /usr/share (mount point for site-wide shared text) /usr/src (mount point for sources) The reorganized /usr/share filesystem has the following directories: /usr/share/calendar (various useful calendar files) /usr/share/dict (dictionaries) /usr/share/doc (4.4BSD manual sources) /usr/share/games (games text files) /usr/share/groff_font (groff font information) /usr/share/man (typeset manual pages) /usr/share/misc (dumping ground for random text files) /usr/share/mk (templates for 4.4BSD makefiles) /usr/share/skel (template user home directory files) /usr/share/tmac (various groff macro packages) /usr/share/zoneinfo (information on time zones) The reorganized /var filesystem has the following directo- ries: /var/account (accounting files, formerly /usr/adm) /var/at (at(1) spooling area) /var/backups (backups of system files) /var/crash (crash dumps) /var/db (system-wide databases, e.g. tags) /var/games (score files) /var/log (log files) /var/mail (users mail) /var/obj (hierarchy to build /usr/src) /var/preserve (preserve area for vi) /var/quotas (directory to store quota files) /var/run (directory to store *.pid files) /var/rwho (rwho databases) /var/spool/ftp (home directory for anonymous ftp) /var/spool/mqueue (sendmail spooling directory) /var/spool/news (news spooling area) /var/spool/output (printer spooling area) /var/spool/uucp (uucp spooling area) /var/tmp (disk-based temporary directory) /var/users (root of per-machine user home directories) ... To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-questions" in the body of the message
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