Date: Thu, 28 Nov 1996 18:40:54 +0100 From: BORKI <borki@ufr.lirmm.fr> To: "freebsd-questions@freebsd.org" <freebsd-questions@freebsd.org> Subject: Problemes with the /dev directory Message-ID: <329DCEA6.28B0289A@ufr.lirmm.fr>
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Hello, I have a question about FreeBSD. (excuse me for my english) 1- I wanted to enable the linux emulator and make the kernel reconize my sound card, so I make a new kernel. The linux emulator works, but for the sound card, I can read in the startup sb0: <Sound Blaster 16 4.13> sbmid : not found in H330 ( or something like that) why sbmid don't works ? After that I do: /dev/MAKEDEV all to enable the sound devices. but the next time a reboot I had this message when it starts: swapon /dev/wd1s1b No such file or directory . . /dev/wd1s1e : No such file or directory Can't stat /dev/wd1s1e Automatyic file system check failed....help! (I note that I install FreeBSD on my second Hard drive wd1, and I mount / on wd1a, swap on wd1b and /usr on wd1e) I have just a sh shell and the root_device, no swap and no /usr. So I wrote to Mr roberto who tells me to reboot like single users with (-s) in the boot command, to mount read_write / with "mount -u /" and toi make the needed devices in /dev with "sh MAKEDEV wd1s1" and to reboot with "sync;sync;sync;reboot" I do that, but the probleme was the same when the host reboot. the needed devices wd1s1b and wd1s1e dosen't be created !!! so I try to do something: I replace in the file /etc/fstab wd1s1b by wd1b and wd1s1e by wd1e (wd1b and wd1e exists in /dev) and I reboot, this time it works. But i don't think it's a good and a stable way. A day after I heve another idea: Go to /dev and do "sh MAKEDEV wd1s1e" after this command, I found wd1s1a wd1s1b wd1s1c wd1s1d wd1s1f .... in the /dev directory, so I edit /etc/fstab and i change it like it was before and I reboot, It works. But there are anormal things: -copying files from hard drive to a floppy became very slow. - in the /dev directory, with the command "ls -al" there are some files like that: crw------- 1 root wheel 15, 536870912 Nov 20 22:17 rcd0.ctl crw------- 1 root wheel 17, 536870912 Nov 20 22:17 rch0.ctl crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 65538 Nov 20 22:17 rsd0 crw------- 1 root wheel 13, 536870912 Nov 20 22:17 rsd0.ctl crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 131074 Nov 20 22:17 rsd0s1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 196610 Nov 20 22:17 rsd0s2 crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 262146 Nov 20 22:17 rsd0s3 crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 327682 Nov 20 22:17 rsd0s4 crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 65546 Nov 20 22:17 rsd1 crw------- 1 root wheel 13, 536870920 Nov 20 22:17 rsd1.ctl crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 131082 Nov 20 22:17 rsd1s1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 196618 Nov 20 22:17 rsd1s2 crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 262154 Nov 20 22:17 rsd1s3 crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 327690 Nov 20 22:17 rsd1s4 crw-r----- 1 root operator 13, 65554 Nov 20 22:17 rsd2 crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 65538 Nov 20 22:17 rwd0 crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 131074 Nov 20 22:17 rwd0s1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 196610 Nov 20 22:17 rwd0s2 crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 262146 Nov 20 22:17 rwd0s3 crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 327682 Nov 20 22:17 rwd0s4 crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 65546 Nov 21 23:52 rwd1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 131082 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 131080 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s1a crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 131081 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s1b crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 131082 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s1c crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 131083 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s1d crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 131084 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s1e crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 131085 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s1f crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 131086 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s1g crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 131087 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s1h crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 196618 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s2 crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 262154 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s3 crw-r----- 1 root operator 3, 327690 Nov 21 23:53 rwd1s4 brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 65538 Nov 20 22:17 sd0 brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 131074 Nov 20 22:17 sd0s1 brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 196610 Nov 20 22:17 sd0s2 brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 262146 Nov 20 22:17 sd0s3 brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 327682 Nov 20 22:17 sd0s4 brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 65546 Nov 20 22:17 sd1 brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 131082 Nov 20 22:17 sd1s1 brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 196618 Nov 20 22:17 sd1s2 brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 262154 Nov 20 22:17 sd1s3 brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 327690 Nov 20 22:17 sd1s4 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 65538 Nov 20 22:17 wd0 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 131074 Nov 20 22:17 wd0s1 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 196610 Nov 20 22:17 wd0s2 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 262146 Nov 20 22:17 wd0s3 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 327682 Nov 20 22:17 wd0s4 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 65546 Nov 21 23:52 wd1 ...... brw-r----- 1 root operator 4, 131082 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s1 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 131080 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s1a brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 131081 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s1b brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 131082 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s1c brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 131083 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s1d brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 131084 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s1e brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 131085 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s1f brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 131086 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s1g brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 131087 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s1h brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 196618 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s2 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 262154 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s3 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 327690 Nov 21 23:53 wd1s4 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 65554 Nov 20 22:17 wd2 brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 16 Nov 20 22:17 wd2a brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 17 Nov 20 22:17 wd2b brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 18 Nov 20 22:17 wd2c brw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 19 Nov 20 22:17 wd2d can I remove all these files and recreate them with "sh MAKEDEV all" ? How to resolve all my problemes and make my FreeBSD file system stable ?
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