Date: Wed, 2 Oct 2013 20:02:02 +0000 (UTC) From: Dru Lavigne <dru@FreeBSD.org> To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org, svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Subject: svn commit: r42809 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports Message-ID: <201310022002.r92K225k086542@svn.freebsd.org>
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Author: dru Date: Wed Oct 2 20:02:02 2013 New Revision: 42809 URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/42809 Log: This patch: - clarifies that this is an alternative to pkgng - updates the listing version numbers and removes the example for manually fetching a pkg - removes .tgz format - does some word-smithing to make what is demonstrated clearer and to refer the reader to man pages for further usage examples - comments out the author info so that it doesn't render in the print version Approved by: gjb (mentor) Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports/chapter.xml Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports/chapter.xml ============================================================================== --- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports/chapter.xml Wed Oct 2 18:00:46 2013 (r42808) +++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports/chapter.xml Wed Oct 2 20:02:02 2013 (r42809) @@ -341,33 +341,40 @@ Info: Lists information about open fil </itemizedlist> </sect1> + <sect1 id="packages-using"> <sect1info> - <authorgroup> + <!--<authorgroup> <author> <firstname>Chern</firstname> <surname>Lee</surname> <contrib>Contributed by </contrib> </author> - </authorgroup> - <!-- 30 Mar 2001 --> + </authorgroup>--> </sect1info> <title>Using Binary Packages</title> <para>At the present time, &os; is transitioning toward a new - method of package management. Users of the latest releases + method of package management. Users may wish to investigate the benefits of using - <link linkend="pkgng-intro">PKGng</link> to manage third - party software on &os;. For those not yet migrated to the - <application>pkgng</application> tool, the tools discussed - here may be used for managing the package database. For - simplicity, the <command>sysinstall</command> utility is - also available post-install for package management.</para> + <link linkend="pkgng-intro">PKGng</link> to manage third-party + software on &os;. This section describes the traditional method + for managing binary packages and only applies to those users who have not yet migrated to the + <application>pkgng</application> format.</para> - <para>All package installation files are stored in the + <para>This method of package management uses a package database directory, - <filename class="directory">/var/db/pkg</filename>.</para> + <filename class="directory">/var/db/pkg</filename>, to track + installed software versions and the files installed with each + application. Several utilities interact with the database + directory and are used to manage binary packages. These + commands begin with <literal>pkg_</literal>. This section + provides an overview of the commands which are used to install, + delete, and gather information about binary packages. Each + command provides many switches to customize its operation. + Refer to the listed man pages for more details and further usage + examples.</para> <sect2> <title>Installing a Package</title> @@ -380,43 +387,16 @@ Info: Lists information about open fil <indexterm> <primary><command>pkg_add</command></primary> </indexterm> - <para>Use &man.pkg.add.1; to install a &os; binary package from - a local file or from a server on the network.</para> - - <example> - <title>Downloading a Package Manually and Installing It - Locally</title> - - <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ftp -a <replaceable>ftp2.FreeBSD.org</replaceable></userinput> -Connected to ftp2.FreeBSD.org. -220 ftp2.FreeBSD.org FTP server (Version 6.00LS) ready. -331 Guest login ok, send your email address as password. -230- -230- This machine is in Vienna, VA, USA, hosted by Verio. -230- Questions? E-mail freebsd@vienna.verio.net. -230- -230- -230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply. -Remote system type is UNIX. -Using binary mode to transfer files. -<prompt>ftp></prompt> <userinput>cd /pub/FreeBSD/ports/packages/sysutils/</userinput> -250 CWD command successful. -<prompt>ftp></prompt> <userinput>get lsof-4.56.4.tgz</userinput> -local: lsof-4.56.4.tgz remote: lsof-4.56.4.tgz -200 PORT command successful. -150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for 'lsof-4.56.4.tgz' (92375 bytes). -100% |**************************************************| 92375 00:00 ETA -226 Transfer complete. -92375 bytes received in 5.60 seconds (16.11 KB/s) -<prompt>ftp></prompt> <userinput>exit</userinput> -&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_add <replaceable>lsof-4.56.4.tgz</replaceable></userinput></screen> - </example> - - <para>If you do not have a source of local packages, such as a - &os; CD-ROM set, include <option>-r</option> with + <para>To install a binary package from + a local &os; media or a remote &os; package server, use &man.pkg.add.1;. + While a &os; media can provide a source of local packages + without requiring a network connection, it may not contain + the latest versions of binary packages as new versions are + always being rebuilt for the &os; package servers. To install + from a package server, always include <option>-r</option> (for remote) with &man.pkg.add.1;. This automatically determines the correct object format and release, and then fetches and installs the - package from an FTP site without any further user + package from a package server without any further user intervention.</para> <indexterm> @@ -424,18 +404,16 @@ local: lsof-4.56.4.tgz remote: lsof-4.56 </indexterm> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_add -r <replaceable>lsof</replaceable></userinput></screen> - <para>To specify an alternative &os; FTP mirror, specify the + <para>In this example, <literal>lsof</literal> is used without + specifying a version number as the version is not included when the remote + fetching feature is used. To specify an alternative &os; FTP mirror, specify the mirror in the <envar>PACKAGESITE</envar> environment variable. &man.pkg.add.1; uses &man.fetch.3; to download files, which uses various environment variables, including <envar>FTP_PASSIVE_MODE</envar>, <envar>FTP_PROXY</envar>, and <envar>FTP_PASSWORD</envar>. You may need to set one or more of these if you are behind a firewall, or need to use an - FTP/HTTP proxy. See &man.fetch.3; for the complete list of variables. - Note that in the example above <literal>lsof</literal> is used - instead of <literal>lsof-4.56.4</literal>. When the remote - fetching feature is used, the version number of the package - must be removed.</para> + FTP/HTTP proxy. See &man.fetch.3; for the complete list of FTP-related variables.</para> <note> <para>&man.pkg.add.1; will automatically download the latest @@ -444,23 +422,23 @@ local: lsof-4.56.4.tgz remote: lsof-4.56 installs the version of the package that was built with that release. It is possible to change this behavior by overriding <envar>PACKAGESITE</envar>. For example, on a - &os; 8.1-RELEASE system, by default &man.pkg.add.1; + &os; 9.1-RELEASE system, by default &man.pkg.add.1; will try to fetch packages from - <literal>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-8.1-release/Latest/</literal>. - To force &man.pkg.add.1; to download &os; 8-STABLE + <literal>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-9.1-release/Latest/</literal>. + To force &man.pkg.add.1; to download &os; 9-STABLE packages, set <envar>PACKAGESITE</envar> to - <literal>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-8-stable/Latest/</literal>.</para>; + <literal>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-9-stable/Latest/</literal>.</para>; </note> - <para>Package files are distributed in <filename>.tgz</filename> - and <filename>.tbz</filename> formats. Packages are + <para>Package files are distributed in the + <filename>.tbz</filename> format. Packages are available from <ulink - url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/packages/"></ulink>, + url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/packages/"></ulink>; or the <filename>/packages</filename> directory of the &os; DVD distribution. The layout of the packages directory is similar to - that of the <filename>/usr/ports</filename> tree. Each + that of the <filename class="directory">/usr/ports</filename> tree. Each category has its own directory, and every package can be found - within the <filename>All</filename> directory.</para> + within the <filename class="directory">All</filename> directory.</para> </sect2> <sect2> @@ -471,21 +449,21 @@ local: lsof-4.56.4.tgz remote: lsof-4.56 <secondary>managing</secondary> </indexterm> - <para>&man.pkg.info.1; can be used to list and describe - installed packages:</para> + <para>To list and describe + installed packages, use &man.pkg.info.1;:</para> <indexterm> <primary><command>pkg_info</command></primary> </indexterm> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_info</userinput> -colordiff-1.0.13 A tool to colorize diff output -docbook-1.2 Meta-port for the different versions of the DocBook DTD +colordiff-1.0.13 Tool to colorize diff output +docbook-1.4 Meta-port for the different versions of the DocBook DTD ...</screen> - <para>&man.pkg.version.1; summarizes the versions of all - installed packages and compares the package version to the - current version found in the ports tree.</para> + <para>To receive a summary of the versions of all + installed packages and a comparison of the installed package versions to the + current versions found in the locally installed ports tree, use &man.pkg.version.1;:</para> <indexterm> <primary><command>pkg_version</command></primary> @@ -546,7 +524,7 @@ docbook = <entry>!</entry> <entry>The installed package exists in the index but for - some reason, <command>pkg_version</command> was unable + some reason <command>pkg_version</command> was unable to compare the version number of the installed package with the corresponding entry in the index.</entry> </row> @@ -570,12 +548,12 @@ docbook = <para>To remove a previously installed software package, use &man.pkg.delete.1;:</para> - <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_delete <replaceable>xchat-1.7.1</replaceable></userinput></screen> + <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_delete <replaceable>xchat-2.8.8_1</replaceable></userinput></screen> <para>Note that &man.pkg.delete.1; requires the full package - name and number; the above command would not work if + name and number and that the above command would not work if <replaceable>xchat</replaceable> was given instead of - <replaceable>xchat-1.7.1</replaceable>. Use + <replaceable>xchat-2.8.8_1</replaceable>. Use &man.pkg.version.1; to find the version of the installed package, or use a wildcard:</para>
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