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Date:      Sat, 26 Mar 2005 10:16:30 +1100
From:      Graham Menhennitt <gmenhennitt@optusnet.com.au>
To:        Doug White <dwhite@gumbysoft.com>
Cc:        freebsd-stable@freebsd.org
Subject:   Re: "ffs_mountroot: can't find rootvp" after cvsup and making worldfmen
Message-ID:  <42449BCE.7010600@optusnet.com.au>
In-Reply-To: <20050325133558.U16071@carver.gumbysoft.com>
References:  <42436771.3060006@optusnet.com.au> <20050325133558.U16071@carver.gumbysoft.com>

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Doug White wrote:

>On Fri, 25 Mar 2005, Graham Menhennitt wrote:
>
>  
>
>>I just cvsupped to the latest RELENG_5 (as of yesterday) and built and
>>installed the world and a new kernel. When I boot the new kernel, I get
>>an error "ffs_mountroot: can't find rootvp". At the "mountroot>" prompt,
>>whatever I type (even '?') causes a crash and reboot. I can still boot
>>my old kernel without a problem. The dmesg from the old kernel and a
>>capture of the boot of the new kernel are below. Noticably absent from
>>the new one is the line "ad0: 76319MB <ST380011A/3.06> [155061/16/63] at
>>ata0-master UDMA100" which is my only disk drive.
>>
>>Can somebody please help?
>>    
>>
>
>  
>
Hi Doug. Thanks for responding.

>If you break out of the beastie menu with '6' then enter:
>
>unload
>boot kernel.old
>
>that will get you your old, working kernel. Make a backup of this kernel
>before doing anything else by 'cd /boot; cp -Rp kernel.old kernel.WORKS'.
>You can then reference this in loader by doing 'boot kernel.WORKS'.
>  
>
Already done that.

>Next we need to determine why the disk did not probe. I'd suggest booting
>with -v and looking for messages from ata about disk discovery.
>
>  
>
A capture of the "boot -v" is below. It doesn't mean anything to me.

>Did you change anything in your kernel config between these kernels?
>
>  
>
No. My kernel config is below too.

Thanks again for helping,
    Graham

>>Thanks,
>>    Graham
>>
>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> old kernel <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
>>
>>Copyright (c) 1992-2005 The FreeBSD Project.
>>Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
>>        The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
>>FreeBSD 5.3-STABLE #18: Fri Jan 21 06:23:06 EST 2005
>>    gfm@xxxx.xxx.xxx:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/fang
>>Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
>>CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 1.70GHz (1700.03-MHz 686-class CPU)
>>  Origin = "GenuineIntel"  Id = 0xf12  Stepping = 2
>>
>>Features=0x3febfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM>
>>real memory  = 335478784 (319 MB)
>>avail memory = 322949120 (307 MB)
>>npx0: [FAST]
>>npx0: <math processor> on motherboard
>>npx0: INT 16 interface
>>acpi0: <GBT AWRDACPI> on motherboard
>>acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
>>Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 1000
>>acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x4008-0x400b on acpi0
>>cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
>>acpi_button0: <Power Button> on acpi0
>>acpi_button1: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
>>pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0x4000-0x40f7,0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
>>pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
>>pcib1: <PCI-PCI bridge> at device 1.0 on pci0
>>pci1: <PCI bus> on pcib1
>>pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
>>pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
>>rl0: <RealTek 8139 10/100BaseTX> port 0xc000-0xc0ff mem
>>0xe4000000-0xe40000ff irq 11 at device 9.0 on pci2
>>miibus0: <MII bus> on rl0
>>rlphy0: <RealTek internal media interface> on miibus0
>>rlphy0:  10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, auto
>>rl0: Ethernet address: 00:20:ed:1c:da:f9
>>pci2: <multimedia, audio> at device 10.0 (no driver attached)
>>isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
>>isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
>>atapci0: <Intel ICH2 UDMA100 controller> port
>>0xf000-0xf00f,0x376,0x170-0x177,0x3f6,0x1f0-0x1f7 at device 31.1 on pci0
>>ata0: channel #0 on atapci0
>>ata1: channel #1 on atapci0
>>uhci0: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-A> port
>>0xd000-0xd01f irq 5 at device 31.2 on pci0
>>uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
>>usb0: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
>>usb0: USB revision 1.0
>>uhub0: Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
>>uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
>>pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
>>uhci1: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-B> port
>>0xd800-0xd81f irq 12 at device 31.4 on pci0
>>uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
>>usb1: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
>>usb1: USB revision 1.0
>>uhub1: Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
>>uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
>>fdc0: <floppy drive controller> port 0x3f7,0x3f0-0x3f5 irq 6 drq 2 on acpi0
>>fdc0: [FAST]
>>sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on
>>acpi0
>>sio0: type 16550A, console
>>sio1: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on acpi0
>>sio1: type 16550A
>>ppc0: <Standard parallel printer port> port 0x778-0x77b,0x378-0x37f irq
>>7 on acpi0
>>ppc0: Generic chipset (NIBBLE-only) in COMPATIBLE mode
>>ppbus0: <Parallel port bus> on ppc0
>>ppbus0: IEEE1284 device found
>>Probing for PnP devices on ppbus0:
>>lpt0: <Printer> on ppbus0
>>lpt0: Interrupt-driven port
>>atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> at port 0x64,0x60 on isa0
>>atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
>>kbd0 at atkbd0
>>atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
>>Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1700030560 Hz quality 800
>>Timecounters tick every 10.000 msec
>>acpi_cpu: throttling enabled, 2 steps (100% to 50.0%), currently 100.0%
>>ad0: 76319MB <ST380011A/3.06> [155061/16/63] at ata0-master UDMA100
>>Mounting root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
>>
>>
>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> new kernel <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
>>/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-Console:
>>serial port
>>BIOS drive A: is disk0
>>BIOS drive C: is disk1
>>BIOS 639kB/326592kB available memory
>>
>>FreeBSD/i386 bootstrap loader, Revision 1.1
>>(xxx@xxxx.xxx, Wed Mar 23 20:16:31 EST 2005)
>>|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\Loading
>>/boot/defaults/loader.conf
>>|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\/boot/kernel/kernel
>>text=0x252bec |/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|data=0x2bbe8+0x30518
>>/-\|/-\|/-\|syms=[0x4+0x36040/-\|/-\|/-\|/-+0x4+0x44316\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\]
>>|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/Loading
>>/boot/defaults/loader.conf
>>-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-
>>,        ,            /(        )`            \ \___   /
>>|            /- _  `-/  '           (/\/ \ \
>>/\           / /   | `    \           O O   ) /
>>|           `-^--'`<     '          (_.)  _  )
>>/           `.___/`    /             `-----'
>>/<----.     __ / __   \<----|====O)))==) \)
>>/====<----'    `--' `.__,' \             |
>>|              \       /       /\         ______( (_
>>/ \______/       ,'  ,-----'   |       `--{__________)³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÚÀ¿ÙWelcome
>>to FreeBSD!1 . Boot FreeBSD [default]2 . Boot
>>FreeBSD with ACPI disabled3 . Boot FreeBSD in Safe
>>Mode4 . Boot FreeBSD in single user mode5 .
>>Boot FreeBSD with verbose logging6 . Escape to loader
>>prompt7 . RebootSelect option, [Enter] for
>>defaultor [Space] to pause timer    10 10
>>10 10 9 9 9 9
>>9 9 9 9 9 9 9
>>9 9 9 9 9 9 8
>>8 8 8 8 8 8 8
>>8 8 8 8 8 \|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-ACPI
>>autoload failed - no such file or directory
>>\|/-\|/Copyright (c) 1992-2005 The FreeBSD Project.
>>Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
>>    The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
>>FreeBSD 5.4-PRERELEASE #19: Fri Mar 25 07:31:35 EST 2005
>>    xxx@xxxx.xxx:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/fang
>>Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
>>CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 1.70GHz (1700.03-MHz 686-class CPU)
>>  Origin = "GenuineIntel"  Id = 0xf12  Stepping = 2
>>
>>Features=0x3febfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM>
>>real memory  = 335478784 (319 MB)
>>avail memory = 322957312 (307 MB)
>>npx0: <math processor> on motherboard
>>npx0: INT 16 interface
>>cpu0 on motherboard
>>pcib0: <Host to PCI bridge> pcibus 0 on motherboard
>>pir0: <PCI Interrupt Routing Table: 9 Entries> on motherboard
>>pci0: <PCI bus> on pcib0
>>pcib1: <PCI-PCI bridge> at device 1.0 on pci0
>>pci1: <PCI bus> on pcib1
>>pcib2: <PCIBIOS PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
>>pci2: <PCI bus> on pcib2
>>rl0: <RealTek 8139 10/100BaseTX> port 0xc000-0xc0ff mem
>>0xe4000000-0xe40000ff irq 11 at device 9.0 on pci2
>>miibus0: <MII bus> on rl0
>>rlphy0: <RealTek internal media interface> on miibus0
>>rlphy0:  10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, auto
>>rl0: Ethernet address: 00:20:ed:1c:da:f9
>>pci2: <multimedia, audio> at device 10.0 (no driver attached)
>>isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
>>isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
>>atapci0: <Intel ICH2 UDMA100 controller> port
>>0xf000-0xf00f,0x376,0x170-0x177,0x3f6,0x1f0-0x1f7 at device 31.1 on pci0
>>ata0: channel #0 on atapci0
>>ata1: channel #1 on atapci0
>>uhci0: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-A> port
>>0xd000-0xd01f irq 5 at device 31.2 on pci0
>>usb0: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
>>usb0: USB revision 1.0
>>uhub0: Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
>>uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
>>pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
>>uhci1: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-B> port
>>0xd800-0xd81f irq 12 at device 31.4 on pci0
>>usb1: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
>>usb1: USB revision 1.0
>>uhub1: Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
>>uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
>>atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> at port 0x64,0x60 on isa0
>>atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
>>kbd0 at atkbd0
>>fdc0: <Enhanced floppy controller> at port 0x3f0-0x3f5 irq 6 drq 2 on isa0
>>ppc0: <Parallel port> at port 0x378-0x37f irq 7 on isa0
>>ppc0: Generic chipset (NIBBLE-only) in COMPATIBLE mode
>>ppbus0: <Parallel port bus> on ppc0
>>ppbus0: IEEE1284 device found
>>Probing for PnP devices on ppbus0:
>>lpt0: <Printer> on ppbus0
>>lpt0: Interrupt-driven port
>>sio0 at port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on isa0
>>sio0: type 16550A, console
>>sio1 at port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on isa0
>>sio1: type 16550A
>>unknown: <PNP0303> can't assign resources (port)
>>unknown: <PNP0501> can't assign resources (port)
>>unknown: <PNP0700> can't assign resources (port)
>>unknown: <PNP0400> can't assign resources (port)
>>unknown: <PNP0501> can't assign resources (port)
>>Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1700026032 Hz quality 800
>>Timecounters tick every 10.000 msec
>>Mounting root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
>>setrootbyname failed
>>ffs_mountroot: can't find rootvp
>>Root mount failed: 6
>>
>>Manual root filesystem specification:
>>  <fstype>:<device>  Mount <device> using filesystem <fstype>
>>                       eg. ufs:da0s1a
>>  ?                  List valid disk boot devices
>>  <empty line>       Abort manual input
>>
>>mountroot>
>>_______________________________________________
>>freebsd-stable@freebsd.org mailing list
>>http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-stable
>>To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-stable-unsubscribe@freebsd.org"
>>
>>    
>>
>
>  
>
 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> new kernel with -v flag 
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-Console: 
serial port
BIOS drive A: is disk0
BIOS drive C: is disk1
BIOS 639kB/326592kB available memory

FreeBSD/i386 bootstrap loader, Revision 1.1
(xxx@xxxx.xxx, Wed Mar 23 20:16:31 EST 2005)
|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\Loading 
/boot/defaults/loader.conf
|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\/boot/kernel/kernel 
text=0x252bec |/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|data=0x2bbe8+0x30518 
/-\|/-\|/-\|syms=[0x4+0x36040/-\|/-\|/-\|/-+0x4+0x44316\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\]
|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/Loading 
/boot/defaults/loader.conf
-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-             
,        ,            /(        )`            \ \___   / 
|            /- _  `-/  '           (/\/ \ \   
/\           / /   | `    \           O O   ) /    
|           `-^--'`<     '          (_.)  _  )   
/           `.___/`    /             `-----' 
/<----.     __ / __   \<----|====O)))==) \) 
/====<----'    `--' `.__,' \             |        
|              \       /       /\         ______( (_  
/ \______/       ,'  ,-----'   |       `--{__________)³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÚÀ¿ÙWelcome 
to FreeBSD!1 . Boot FreeBSD [default]2 . Boot 
FreeBSD with ACPI disabled3 . Boot FreeBSD in Safe 
Mode4 . Boot FreeBSD in single user mode5 . 
Boot FreeBSD with verbose logging6 . Escape to loader 
prompt7 . RebootSelect option, [Enter] for 
defaultor [Space] to pause timer    10 10 
10 10 10 10 10 10 
9 9 9 9 9 9 

Type '?' for a list of commands, 'help' for more detailed help.
OK boot -v
\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-\|/-ACPI 
autoload failed - no such file or directory
\|/-\|/SMAP type=01 base=0000000000000000 len=000000000009fc00
SMAP type=01 base=000000000009fc00 len=0000000000000400
SMAP type=02 base=00000000000f0000 len=0000000000010000
SMAP type=02 base=00000000fec00000 len=0000000001400000
SMAP type=01 base=0000000000100000 len=0000000013ef0000
SMAP type=03 base=0000000013ff3000 len=000000000000d000
SMAP type=04 base=0000000013ff0000 len=0000000000003000
Copyright (c) 1992-2005 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
    The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD 5.4-PRERELEASE #19: Fri Mar 25 07:31:35 EST 2005
    xxx@xxxx.xxx:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/fang
Preloaded elf kernel "/boot/kernel/kernel" at 0xc072c000.
Calibrating clock(s) ... i8254 clock: 1193225 Hz
CLK_USE_I8254_CALIBRATION not specified - using default frequency
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
Calibrating TSC clock ... TSC clock: 1700030456 Hz
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 1.70GHz (1700.03-MHz 686-class CPU)
  Origin = "GenuineIntel"  Id = 0xf12  Stepping = 2
  
Features=0x3febfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM>
real memory  = 335478784 (319 MB)
Physical memory chunk(s):
0x0000000000001000 - 0x000000000009ffff, 651264 bytes (159 pages)
0x0000000000100000 - 0x00000000003fffff, 3145728 bytes (768 pages)
0x0000000000825000 - 0x0000000013a1ffff, 320843776 bytes (78331 pages)
avail memory = 322957312 (307 MB)
bios32: Found BIOS32 Service Directory header at 0xc00faa40
bios32: Entry = 0xfaed0 (c00faed0)  Rev = 0  Len = 1
pcibios: PCI BIOS entry at 0xf0000+0xaf00
pnpbios: Found PnP BIOS data at 0xc00fb8f0
pnpbios: Entry = f0000:b920  Rev = 1.0
Other BIOS signatures found:
null: <null device, zero device>
random: <entropy source, Software, Yarrow>
npx0: [FAST]
npx0: <math processor> on motherboard
npx0: INT 16 interface
cpu0 on motherboard
pci_open(1):    mode 1 addr port (0x0cf8) is 0x80000090
pci_open(1a):    mode1res=0x80000000 (0x80000000)
pci_cfgcheck:    device 0 [class=060000] [hdr=00] is there (id=00000010)
pcibios: BIOS version 2.10
Found $PIR table, 9 entries at 0xc00fded0
PCI-Only Interrupts: 5 9 10 11 12
Location  Bus Device Pin  Link  IRQs
slot 1      0    2    A   0x60  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 1      0    2    B   0x61  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 1      0    2    C   0x62  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 1      0    2    D   0x63  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 2      2    8    A   0x68  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 2      2    8    B   0x69  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 2      2    8    C   0x6a  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 2      2    8    D   0x6b  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 3      2    0    A   0x62  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 3      2    0    B   0x69  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 3      2    0    C   0x6a  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 3      2    0    D   0x60  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 4      2    1    A   0x69  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 4      2    1    B   0x6a  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 4      2    1    C   0x60  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 4      2    1    D   0x62  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 5      2    2    A   0x6a  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 5      2    2    B   0x60  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 5      2    2    C   0x62  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 5      2    2    D   0x69  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 6      2    9    A   0x69  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 6      2    9    B   0x6a  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 6      2    9    C   0x60  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 6      2    9    D   0x62  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 7      2   10    A   0x6a  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 7      2   10    B   0x60  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 7      2   10    C   0x62  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
slot 7      2   10    D   0x69  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
embedded    0   31    A   0x60  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
embedded    0   31    B   0x61  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
embedded    0   31    C   0x6b  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
embedded    0   31    D   0x63  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
embedded    0    1    A   0x60  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
embedded    0    1    B   0x61  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
embedded    0    1    C   0x62  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
embedded    0    1    D   0x63  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
pcib0: <Host to PCI bridge> pcibus 0 on motherboard
pir0: <PCI Interrupt Routing Table: 9 Entries> on motherboard
$PIR: Links after initial probe:
Link  IRQ  Rtd  Ref  IRQs
0x60  255   N     8  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x61  255   N     3  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x62  255   N     7  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x63  255   N     3  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x68  255   N     1  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x69  255   N     6  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x6a  255   N     6  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x6b  255   N     2  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
$PIR: Found matching pin for 2.9.INTA at func 0: 11
$PIR: Found matching pin for 2.10.INTA at func 0: 10
$PIR: Found matching pin for 0.31.INTB at func 3: 9
$PIR: Found matching pin for 0.31.INTC at func 4: 12
$PIR: Found matching pin for 0.31.INTD at func 2: 5
$PIR: Links after initial IRQ discovery:
Link  IRQ  Rtd  Ref  IRQs
0x60  255   N     8  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x61    9   Y     3  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x62  255   N     7  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x63    5   Y     3  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x68  255   N     1  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x69   11   Y     6  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x6a   10   Y     6  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
0x6b   12   Y     2  3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 14 15
$PIR: IRQs used by BIOS: 5 9 10 11 12
$PIR: Interrupt Weights:
[    0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14  15 ]
[    0   0   0   0   0   3   0   0   0   3   6   6   2   0   0   0 ]
pci0: <PCI bus> on pcib0
pci0: physical bus=0
    map[10]: type 3, range 32, base e0000000, size 26, enabled
found->    vendor=0x8086, dev=0x1a30, revid=0x03
    bus=0, slot=0, func=0
    class=06-00-00, hdrtype=0x00, mfdev=0
    cmdreg=0x0006, statreg=0x2090, cachelnsz=0 (dwords)
    lattimer=0x00 (0 ns), mingnt=0x00 (0 ns), maxlat=0x00 (0 ns)
found->    vendor=0x8086, dev=0x1a31, revid=0x03
    bus=0, slot=1, func=0
    class=06-04-00, hdrtype=0x01, mfdev=0
    cmdreg=0x0107, statreg=0x00a0, cachelnsz=0 (dwords)
    lattimer=0x40 (1920 ns), mingnt=0x06 (1500 ns), maxlat=0x00 (0 ns)
found->    vendor=0x8086, dev=0x244e, revid=0x12
    bus=0, slot=30, func=0
    class=06-04-00, hdrtype=0x01, mfdev=0
    cmdreg=0x0107, statreg=0x0080, cachelnsz=0 (dwords)
    lattimer=0x00 (0 ns), mingnt=0x06 (1500 ns), maxlat=0x00 (0 ns)
found->    vendor=0x8086, dev=0x2440, revid=0x12
    bus=0, slot=31, func=0
    class=06-01-00, hdrtype=0x00, mfdev=1
    cmdreg=0x000f, statreg=0x0280, cachelnsz=0 (dwords)
    lattimer=0x00 (0 ns), mingnt=0x00 (0 ns), maxlat=0x00 (0 ns)
    map[20]: type 4, range 32, base 0000f000, size  4, enabled
found->    vendor=0x8086, dev=0x244b, revid=0x12
    bus=0, slot=31, func=1
    class=01-01-80, hdrtype=0x00, mfdev=0
    cmdreg=0x0005, statreg=0x0280, cachelnsz=0 (dwords)
    lattimer=0x00 (0 ns), mingnt=0x00 (0 ns), maxlat=0x00 (0 ns)
    map[20]: type 4, range 32, base 0000d000, size  5, enabled
$PIR: 0:31 INTD routed to irq 5
found->    vendor=0x8086, dev=0x2442, revid=0x12
    bus=0, slot=31, func=2
    class=0c-03-00, hdrtype=0x00, mfdev=0
    cmdreg=0x0005, statreg=0x0280, cachelnsz=0 (dwords)
    lattimer=0x00 (0 ns), mingnt=0x00 (0 ns), maxlat=0x00 (0 ns)
    intpin=d, irq=5
    map[20]: type 4, range 32, base 00005000, size  4, enabled
$PIR: 0:31 INTB routed to irq 9
found->    vendor=0x8086, dev=0x2443, revid=0x12
    bus=0, slot=31, func=3
    class=0c-05-00, hdrtype=0x00, mfdev=0
    cmdreg=0x0001, statreg=0x0280, cachelnsz=0 (dwords)
    lattimer=0x00 (0 ns), mingnt=0x00 (0 ns), maxlat=0x00 (0 ns)
    intpin=b, irq=9
    map[20]: type 4, range 32, base 0000d800, size  5, enabled
$PIR: 0:31 INTC routed to irq 12
found->    vendor=0x8086, dev=0x2444, revid=0x12
    bus=0, slot=31, func=4
    class=0c-03-00, hdrtype=0x00, mfdev=0
    cmdreg=0x0005, statreg=0x0280, cachelnsz=0 (dwords)
    lattimer=0x00 (0 ns), mingnt=0x00 (0 ns), maxlat=0x00 (0 ns)
    intpin=c, irq=12
pcib1: <PCI-PCI bridge> at device 1.0 on pci0
pcib1:   secondary bus     1
pcib1:   subordinate bus   1
pcib1:   I/O decode        0xf000-0xfff
pcib1:   memory decode     0xfff00000-0xfffff
pcib1:   prefetched decode 0xfff00000-0xfffff
pci1: <PCI bus> on pcib1
pci1: physical bus=1
pcib2: <PCIBIOS PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pcib2:   secondary bus     2
pcib2:   subordinate bus   2
pcib2:   I/O decode        0xc000-0xcfff
pcib2:   memory decode     0xe4000000-0xe40fffff
pcib2:   prefetched decode 0xfff00000-0xfffff
pcib2:   Subtractively decoded bridge.
pci2: <PCI bus> on pcib2
pci2: physical bus=2
    map[10]: type 4, range 32, base 0000c000, size  8, enabled
pcib2: device (null) requested decoded I/O range 0xc000-0xc0ff
    map[14]: type 1, range 32, base e4000000, size  8, enabled
pcib2: device (null) requested decoded memory range 0xe4000000-0xe40000ff
$PIR: 2:9 INTA routed to irq 11
found->    vendor=0x10ec, dev=0x8139, revid=0x10
    bus=2, slot=9, func=0
    class=02-00-00, hdrtype=0x00, mfdev=0
    cmdreg=0x0007, statreg=0x0290, cachelnsz=0 (dwords)
    lattimer=0x20 (960 ns), mingnt=0x20 (8000 ns), maxlat=0x40 (16000 ns)
    intpin=a, irq=11
    powerspec 2  supports D0 D1 D2 D3  current D0
    map[10]: type 4, range 32, base 0000c400, size  6, enabled
pcib2: device (null) requested decoded I/O range 0xc400-0xc43f
$PIR: 2:10 INTA routed to irq 10
found->    vendor=0x1274, dev=0x5880, revid=0x04
    bus=2, slot=10, func=0
    class=04-01-00, hdrtype=0x00, mfdev=0
    cmdreg=0x0005, statreg=0x0410, cachelnsz=0 (dwords)
    lattimer=0x20 (960 ns), mingnt=0x0c (3000 ns), maxlat=0x80 (32000 ns)
    intpin=a, irq=10
    powerspec 2  supports D0 D1 D2 D3  current D0
rl0: Reserved 0x100 bytes for rid 0x10 type 4 at 0xc000
pcib2: device rl0 requested decoded I/O range 0xc000-0xc0ff
rl0: <RealTek 8139 10/100BaseTX> port 0xc000-0xc0ff mem 
0xe4000000-0xe40000ff irq 11 at device 9.0 on pci2
pcib2: device rl0 requested decoded I/O range 0xc000-0xc0ff
miibus0: <MII bus> on rl0
rlphy0: <RealTek internal media interface> on miibus0
rlphy0:  10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, auto
rl0: bpf attached
rl0: Ethernet address: 00:20:ed:1c:da:f9
rl0: [MPSAFE]
pci2: <multimedia, audio> at device 10.0 (no driver attached)
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH2 UDMA100 controller> port 
0xf000-0xf00f,0x376,0x170-0x177,0x3f6,0x1f0-0x1f7 at device 31.1 on pci0
atapci0: Reserved 0x10 bytes for rid 0x20 type 4 at 0xf000
ata0: channel #0 on atapci0
atapci0: Reserved 0x8 bytes for rid 0x10 type 4 at 0x1f0
atapci0: Reserved 0x1 bytes for rid 0x14 type 4 at 0x3f6
ata0: reset tp1 mask=03 ostat0=50 ostat1=00
ata0-master: stat=0x90 err=0x90 lsb=0x90 msb=0x90
ata0-master: stat=0x90 err=0x90 lsb=0x90 msb=0x90
ata0-master: stat=0x90 err=0x90 lsb=0x90 msb=0x90
ata0-master: stat=0x90 err=0x90 lsb=0x90 msb=0x90
ata0-master: stat=0x90 err=0x90 lsb=0x90 msb=0x90
ata0-master: stat=0x90 err=0x90 lsb=0x90 msb=0x90
ata0-master: stat=0x90 err=0x90 lsb=0x90 msb=0x90
ata0-master: stat=0x90 err=0x90 lsb=0x90 msb=0x90
ata0-slave:  stat=0x90 err=0x90 lsb=0x90 msb=0x90
ata0: reset tp2 stat0=90 stat1=90 devices=0x0
ata0: [MPSAFE]
ata1: channel #1 on atapci0
atapci0: Reserved 0x8 bytes for rid 0x18 type 4 at 0x170
atapci0: Reserved 0x1 bytes for rid 0x1c type 4 at 0x376
ata1: reset tp1 mask=03 ostat0=00 ostat1=00
ata1-master: stat=0x01 err=0x01 lsb=0x01 msb=0x01
ata1-slave:  stat=0x01 err=0x01 lsb=0x01 msb=0x01
ata1: reset tp2 stat0=01 stat1=01 devices=0x0
ata1: [MPSAFE]
uhci0: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-A> port 
0xd000-0xd01f irq 5 at device 31.2 on pci0
uhci0: Reserved 0x20 bytes for rid 0x20 type 4 at 0xd000
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
usb0: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
uhci1: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-B> port 
0xd800-0xd81f irq 12 at device 31.4 on pci0
uhci1: Reserved 0x20 bytes for rid 0x20 type 4 at 0xd800
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
usb1: <Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ata: ata0 already exists; skipping it
ata: ata1 already exists; skipping it
Trying Read_Port at 203
Trying Read_Port at 243
Trying Read_Port at 283
Trying Read_Port at 2c3
Trying Read_Port at 303
Trying Read_Port at 343
Trying Read_Port at 383
Trying Read_Port at 3c3
pnpbios: 15 devices, largest 92 bytes
PNP0200: adding dma mask 0x10
PNP0200: adding io range 0-0xf, size=0x10, align=0
PNP0200: adding io range 0x81-0x83, size=0x3, align=0
PNP0200: adding io range 0x87-0x87, size=0x1, align=0
PNP0200: adding io range 0x89-0x8b, size=0x3, align=0
PNP0200: adding io range 0x8f-0x91, size=0x3, align=0
PNP0200: adding io range 0xc0-0xdf, size=0x20, align=0
pnpbios: handle 1 device ID PNP0200 (0002d041)
PNP0100: adding irq mask 0x1
PNP0100: adding io range 0x40-0x43, size=0x4, align=0
pnpbios: handle 2 device ID PNP0100 (0001d041)
PNP0b00: adding irq mask 0x100
PNP0b00: adding io range 0x70-0x71, size=0x2, align=0
pnpbios: handle 3 device ID PNP0b00 (000bd041)
PNP0303: adding irq mask 0x2
PNP0303: adding io range 0x60-0x60, size=0x1, align=0
PNP0303: adding io range 0x64-0x64, size=0x1, align=0
pnpbios: handle 4 device ID PNP0303 (0303d041)
PNP0800: adding io range 0x61-0x61, size=0x1, align=0
pnpbios: handle 5 device ID PNP0800 (0008d041)
PNP0c04: adding irq mask 0x2000
PNP0c04: adding io range 0xf0-0xff, size=0x10, align=0
pnpbios: handle 6 device ID PNP0c04 (040cd041)
INT0800: adding fixed memory32 range 0xffb80000-0xffbfffff, size=0x80000
pnpbios: handle 7 device ID INT0800 (0008d425)
PNP0c01: adding fixed memory32 range 0-0x9ffff, size=0xa0000
PNP0c01: adding fixed memory32 range 0xffb00000-0xffb7ffff, size=0x80000
PNP0c01: adding fixed memory32 range 0xfff00000-0xffffffff, size=0x100000
PNP0c01: adding fixed memory32 range 0xfec00000-0xfec0ffff, size=0x10000
PNP0c01: adding fixed memory32 range 0xfee00000-0xfee0ffff, size=0x10000
PNP0c01: adding fixed memory32 range 0x100000-0x13ffffff, size=0x13f00000
pnpbios: handle 8 device ID PNP0c01 (010cd041)
PNP0c02: adding fixed memory32 range 0xf0000-0xf3fff, size=0x4000
PNP0c02: adding fixed memory32 range 0xf4000-0xf7fff, size=0x4000
PNP0c02: adding fixed memory32 range 0xf8000-0xfbfff, size=0x4000
PNP0c02: adding fixed memory32 range 0xfc000-0xfffff, size=0x4000
pnpbios: handle 9 device ID PNP0c02 (020cd041)
PNP0a03: adding io range 0x294-0x297, size=0x4, align=0
PNP0a03: adding io range 0x4d0-0x4d1, size=0x2, align=0
PNP0a03: adding io range 0xcf8-0xcff, size=0x8, align=0
PNP0a03: adding io range 0x4000-0x40f7, size=0xf8, align=0
pnpbios: handle 10 device ID PNP0a03 (030ad041)
PNP0501: adding irq mask 0x10
PNP0501: adding io range 0x3f8-0x3ff, size=0x8, align=0
pnpbios: handle 12 device ID PNP0501 (0105d041)
PNP0700: adding dma mask 0x4
PNP0700: adding io range 0x3f0-0x3f5, size=0x6, align=0
PNP0700: adding io range 0x3f7-0x3f7, size=0x1, align=0
PNP0700: adding irq mask 0x40
pnpbios: handle 13 device ID PNP0700 (0007d041)
PNP0400: adding irq mask 0x80
PNP0400: adding io range 0x378-0x37f, size=0x8, align=0
PNP0400: adding io range 0x778-0x77b, size=0x4, align=0
pnpbios: handle 14 device ID PNP0400 (0004d041)
PNP0501: adding irq mask 0x8
PNP0501: adding io range 0x2f8-0x2ff, size=0x8, align=0
pnpbios: handle 16 device ID PNP0501 (0105d041)
sc: sc0 already exists; skipping it
vga: vga0 already exists; skipping it
isa_probe_children: disabling PnP devices
isa_probe_children: probing non-PnP devices
adv0: not probed (disabled)
aha0: not probed (disabled)
aic0: not probed (disabled)
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> at port 0x64,0x60 on isa0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
kbd0: atkbd0, generic (0), config:0x0, flags:0x1f0000
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: current command byte:0067
kbdc: TEST_AUX_PORT status:0000
kbdc: RESET_AUX return code:00fe
kbdc: RESET_AUX return code:00fe
kbdc: RESET_AUX return code:00fe
kbdc: DIAGNOSE status:0055
kbdc: TEST_KBD_PORT status:0000
psm0: failed to reset the aux device.
bt0: not probed (disabled)
cs0: not probed (disabled)
ed0: not probed (disabled)
fdc0: ic_type 90 part_id 80
fdc0: <Enhanced floppy controller> at port 0x3f0-0x3f5 irq 6 drq 2 on isa0
fdc0: ic_type 90 part_id 80
fdc0: [MPSAFE]
fdc0: [FAST]
fe0: not probed (disabled)
ie0: not probed (disabled)
lnc0: not probed (disabled)
pcic0 failed to probe at port 0x3e0 iomem 0xd0000 on isa0
pcic1: not probed (disabled)
ppc0: parallel port found at 0x378
ppc0: using extended I/O port range
ppc0: SPP
ppc0: <Parallel port> at port 0x378-0x37f irq 7 on isa0
ppc0: Generic chipset (NIBBLE-only) in COMPATIBLE mode
ppbus0: <Parallel port bus> on ppc0
ppbus0: IEEE1284 device found
Probing for PnP devices on ppbus0:
lpt0: <Printer> on ppbus0
lpt0: Interrupt-driven port
sc0: no video adapter found.
sc0: <System console> failed to probe on isa0
sio0: irq maps: 0x1 0x11 0x1 0x1
sio0 at port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on isa0
sio0: type 16550A, console
sio1: irq maps: 0x1 0x9 0x1 0x1
sio1 at port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on isa0
sio1: type 16550A
sio2: not probed (disabled)
sio3: not probed (disabled)
sn0: not probed (disabled)
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> failed to probe on isa0
vt0: not probed (disabled)
isa_probe_children: probing PnP devices
unknown: <PNP0303> can't assign resources (port)
unknown: <PNP0303> at port 0x60 on isa0
unknown: <PNP0800> failed to probe at port 0x61 on isa0
unknown: <INT0800> failed to probe at iomem 0xffb80000-0xffbfffff on isa0
unknown: <PNP0501> can't assign resources (port)
unknown: <PNP0501> at port 0x3f8-0x3ff on isa0
unknown: <PNP0700> can't assign resources (port)
unknown: <PNP0700> at port 0x3f0-0x3f5 on isa0
unknown: <PNP0400> can't assign resources (port)
unknown: <PNP0400> at port 0x378-0x37f on isa0
unknown: <PNP0501> can't assign resources (port)
unknown: <PNP0501> at port 0x2f8-0x2ff on isa0
Device configuration finished.
procfs registered
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1700030456 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 10.000 msec
lo0: bpf attached
Mounting root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
setrootbyname failed
ffs_mountroot: can't find rootvp
Root mount failed: 6

Manual root filesystem specification:
  <fstype>:<device>  Mount <device> using filesystem <fstype>
                       eg. ufs:da0s1a
  ?                  List valid disk boot devices
  <empty line>       Abort manual input

mountroot>

 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> kernel config 
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
machine        i386
cpu        I686_CPU
ident        fang

options     SCHED_4BSD        #4BSD scheduler
options     INET            #InterNETworking
options     INET6            #IPv6 communications protocols
options     FFS            #Berkeley Fast Filesystem
options     SOFTUPDATES        #Enable FFS soft updates support
options     NFSCLIENT        #Network Filesystem Client
options     NFSSERVER        #Network Filesystem Server
options     MSDOSFS            #MSDOS Filesystem
options     CD9660            #ISO 9660 Filesystem
options     PROCFS            #Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)
options     PSEUDOFS        #Pseudo-filesystem framework
options     COMPAT_43        #Compatible with BSD 4.3 [KEEP THIS!]
options     COMPAT_FREEBSD4        #Compatible with FreeBSD4
options     KTRACE            #ktrace(1) support
options     SYSVSHM            #SYSV-style shared memory
options     SYSVMSG            #SYSV-style message queues
options     SYSVSEM            #SYSV-style semaphores
options     _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING #Posix P1003_1B real-time extensions
options     KBD_INSTALL_CDEV    # install a CDEV entry in /dev

device        isa
device        pci

device        fdc

device        ata
device        atadisk            # ATA disk drives
device        atapicd            # ATAPI CDROM drives
options     ATA_STATIC_ID        #Static device numbering

device        atkbdc        # AT keyboard controller
device        atkbd        # AT keyboard
device        psm        # PS/2 mouse

device        vga        # VGA video card driver

device        sc

device        npx

device        sio        # 8250, 16[45]50 based serial ports

device        ppc
device        ppbus        # Parallel port bus (required)
device        lpt        # Printer

device        rl        # RealTek 8129/8139
device        miibus        # MII bus support

device        random        # Entropy device
device        loop        # Network loopback
device        ether        # Ethernet support
device        pty        # Pseudo-ttys (telnet etc)

#device        pcm
#device        sbc

device        usb        # USB Bus (required)
device        umass        # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da
device        scbus        # SCSI bus (required for SCSI)
device        da        # Direct Access (disks)
device        pass        # Passthrough device (direct SCSI access)
device        uhci        # UHCI PCI->USB interface
device        ohci        # OHCI PCI->USB interface

device        bpf        # Berkeley packet filter



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