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Date:      Sun, 25 Sep 2016 21:03:30 -0700
From:      Russell Haley <russ.haley@gmail.com>
To:        Warner Losh <imp@bsdimp.com>
Cc:        Mark Millard <markmi@dsl-only.net>, freebsd-arm <freebsd-arm@freebsd.org>,  FreeBSD-STABLE Mailing List <freebsd-stable@freebsd.org>
Subject:   Re: 11.0-RELEASE tier level for arm64/aaarch64 and the officially built arm/armv6 variants?
Message-ID:  <CABx9NuQy-Jh8cNDz5iA_dWzPyF4dJHQW6JJoOyjnSkk=FdrhQQ@mail.gmail.com>
In-Reply-To: <CANCZdfo9BMThmEvnwmm3rg1OMU=SsETKSBUiX-wwjUDdnT2M5Q@mail.gmail.com>
References:  <4076CFFA-7BE2-4E1B-A7E8-08FD8FC27D21@dsl-only.net> <332FA120-31E5-4D31-B63E-A0DFDD7DEFC7@dsl-only.net> <CANCZdfqM17qzZg2SqwJRTWO67KCnAC%2BHYKatcb8CBHF3TM7kFg@mail.gmail.com> <4F04B0C0-DAB1-4EEA-A3A0-4FAA89AD93E2@dsl-only.net> <CABx9NuRv69k0u84%2B3bpDGPM1U7DsZJUtBC42jktk3ttinY9p%2BA@mail.gmail.com> <CANCZdfpBzh15fJdQ559MQv1J=5TrbSfgdziKMVUW-kDF%2BEEwww@mail.gmail.com> <CABx9NuTFobc1e4UxsLSPKLTtMgt37QDgR99xHhkdCkc7qPHCxA@mail.gmail.com> <CANCZdfo9BMThmEvnwmm3rg1OMU=SsETKSBUiX-wwjUDdnT2M5Q@mail.gmail.com>

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On Sun, Sep 25, 2016 at 10:19 AM, Warner Losh <imp@bsdimp.com> wrote:
> On Sun, Sep 25, 2016 at 1:13 AM, Russell Haley <russ.haley@gmail.com> wro=
te:
>> On Sat, Sep 24, 2016 at 11:10 PM, Warner Losh <imp@bsdimp.com> wrote:
>>> On Sat, Sep 24, 2016 at 10:21 PM, Russell Haley <russ.haley@gmail.com> =
wrote:
>>>> On Sat, Sep 24, 2016 at 5:12 PM, Mark Millard <markmi@dsl-only.net> wr=
ote:
>>>>> On 2016-Sep-24, at 2:11 PM, Warner Losh <imp@bsdimp.com> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>> On Fri, Sep 23, 2016 at 8:29 PM, Mark Millard <markmi@dsl-only.net> =
wrote:
>>>>>>> [A resend since I forget to list free-arm in the To: the first time=
.]
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> From https://www.freebsd.org/platforms/arm.html :
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> 32-bit ARM is officially a Tier 2 architecture, as the FreeBSD pro=
ject does not provide official releases or pre-built packages for this plat=
form due to it primarily targeting the embedded arena. However, FreeBSD/ARM=
 is being actively developed and maintained, is well supported, and provide=
s an excellent framework for building ARM-based systems. FreeBSD/arm suppor=
ts ARMv4 and ARMv5 processors. FreeBSD/armv6 supports ARMv6 and ARMv7 proce=
ssors, including SMP on the latter.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> "does not provide official releases or pre-built packages"?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> # uname -apKU
>>>>>>>> FreeBSD rpi2 11.0-PRERELEASE FreeBSD 11.0-PRERELEASE #5 r304943M: =
Sun Aug 28 03:17:54 PDT 2016     markmi@FreeBSDx64:/usr/obj/clang/arm.armv6=
/usr/src/sys/RPI2-NODBG  arm armv6 1100502 1100502
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> # pkg search '.*' | wc
>>>>>>>>  21349  155540 1596736
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Will 11.0-RELEASE change the tier level for any of the specific arm=
-armv6 variants that have FreeBSD-11.0-*-arm-armv6-*.img* files built, such=
 as for RPI2?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Even if all the officially built arm-armv6 variants stay tier 2, th=
e wording on the web page likely needs to be changed because so much is bui=
lt and available that the above quote claims is not available.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> armv6 is basically Tier 1 right now, though not as Tier 1 as i386 or
>>>>>> amd64 due to the fragmented nature of the arm world. On the platform=
s
>>>>>> we run on and create releases for, however, it's my opinion that it =
is
>>>>>> Tier 1: it has been running in production a while, things people
>>>>>> expect from a FreeBSD system are present, you can get decent support
>>>>>> if you ask questions, there's no known major gotchas in deploying th=
is
>>>>>> hardware. The only remaining annoying issue is the 'u-boot' problem
>>>>>> where we have to have a different u-boot image for every board and n=
o
>>>>>> standardized way to convert a 'generic' image into one that's specif=
ic
>>>>>> for specific boards.
>>>>
>>>> I'll point out again that barebox is an excellent alternative to u-boo=
t (IMHO):
>>>
>>> Doesn't matter, still has the same issues that u-boot has.
>> u-boot has a different sources for almost each board we support (due
>> to the usual FOSS issues). That is NOT the case in barebox. There is
>> one source and it's kept up to date by the team, not the vendors.
>
> Actually, that's no longer the case. All boards we support have all
> their bits in u-boot's main repo. But you can't say no one will fork
> barebox to get their support out faster, which is why we have the
> current situation in ports... u-boot forked because it was so popular,
> and the forks rejoined.

Good show, I'm not advocating change for change sake and have had good
success with u-boot as a novice. I'll have to have a look in the ports
tree. I wasn't aware that so much progress had been made. I wish I had
time to skulk on the IRC channel too. :(


Russ
>>> But does it support the u-boot ABI?
>> I'd have to look into this.
>>>
>>>> - Supports most, if not all of the boards that FreeBSD supports, plus
>>>> many that it doesn't
>>>> - Single source tree for all boards. Specify build time parameters to
>>>> build one or all the images
>>>> - Well supported community with central maintainer-ship
>>>> - Simple, familiar shell interface  (*awesome*)
>>>> - Excellent documentation (u-boots is good too though)
>>>> - Has support for (U)EFI
>>>> - Supports quemu aarch64 (not *quite*sure what the means though)
>>>
>>> Right, u-boot has all these things, except maybe the shell interface
>>> (not sure what you mean by that).
>> Instead of stringing together variables and commands, it uses a
>> scripting language like a simplified sh. Want to change how something
>> boots? Update a script. Save it to disk (it has it's own persistence
>> mechanisms) and export it.
>
> Sounds cool.
>
>>>> To be fair, I'm not saying the problem is the fault of denx, but
>>>> barebox has a lot going for it. The maintainer was very keen to see it
>>>> ported top FreeBSD and was willing to support the effort. I ran into
>>>> some build time linux api requirements, but he didn't think that would
>>>> be much to overcome (and it wasn't I just kept adding the patches he
>>>> sent me and the build moved forward. As always, I ran out of time for
>>>> the really fun stuff). While I am a hopeless dreamer and I'm sure I've
>>>> over simplified the problem, I thought it would be neat to see FreeBSD
>>>> upstream support for zfs and ufs to the barebox boot loader and do
>>>> away with ubldr. We would then have a modern, easy to use, boot loader
>>>> that supports the standard startup toolchain.
>>>
>>> We can't easily do away with ubldr if we want to support tunables, kern=
el
>>> modules loaded at boot time and a few other nifty features like nextboo=
t.
>>
>> Are these things not in standard loader? Should they be?
>
> ubldr is the standard loader, just spelled in a funky way and living
> on a place u-boot can see :). We have different loaders for different
> environments. even on x86 we have /boot/loader for BIOS boots and
> /boot/loader.efi for EFI boots.
>
>>>> Either way, if installers move to a pkgng based method (so cool) then
>>>> installing u-boot and arm binaries from pkg-static will be the same as
>>>> x86 (ha ha I said that with a straight face!).
>>>
>>> Yea, not so much. You have to build the bootable image not on the
>>> target system, like you do on x86.
>>
>> Doesn't the current ports and packages cross build everything that's mar=
ked?
>
> For builds from source, yes. But that's different than installing from
> FreeBSD's installer.
>
>>> We'd have to have something that
>>> installs uboot onto a generic image (perhaps with hooks for kernels
>>> since those aren't generic on armv6) and then put that into a bootable
>>> SD card.
>>
>> The x86 installer (that I argue is a platform legacy) has to customize
>> the bootloader for each installation. If we HAVE to use an installer
>> on arm, what wrong prompting the user for some input (i.e. what som
>> are you using) while including all the u-boots  in the ports tree and
>> all the supported kernels, then just installing the correct ones for
>> the board (with input from the user)?
>
> Ummm, you can't boot anything to do that work like you can on x86.
>
>>>>>>For x86 this is all done with the installer since
>>>>>> that boot environment is more standardized. Does this last issue kee=
p
>>>>>> arm from being Tier 1? That's a judgement call, but I think the
>>>>>> project should promote w/o this last issue.
>>>>
>>>> How does a platform get promoted? Is that something the Core team deci=
des?
>>>
>>> Yes.
>>>
>>>> I see two facts about current Arm support that show platform maturity:
>>>> a) u-boot is in the ports tree and we have Lego-easy build scripts in
>>>> crochet that could be called an installation method. Building for arm
>>>> is not difficult anymore.
>>>
>>> Except corchet isn't in the tree, and the solution is horrible. It's
>>> a script for each SoC, and those scripts are now scattered about.
>>> Plus that's a creation from source model, not a creation from
>>> RE produced bits model, which is needed for Tier 1.
>> Both correctable sins, especially as it's BSD licensed. My point was
>> that even building a SOM specific image is relatively painless with
>> the right scripts. Hell, I've even got a custom build script that
>> could be modified for generic use.
>
> Yea, a developer can do it with little pain. However, compared to the
> pain to boot Linux on these boards, the pain is quite high and you
> need to know way too much to make it work.
>
> BTW, my 'horrible' comment was given the state of things today: we
> have scattered knowledge of how to make images, custom one-off that
> work on some boards well, and fail on others. We have crazy, quirky
> things that aren't well integrated into the tree. Crochet itself
> solves an interesting problem, but does so a bit in isolation.
>
>>>> b)Arm requires images, not installers. Correct me if I'm wrong but,
>>>> installers are a tool primarily invented for x86 PC type computers.
>>>> FreeBSD publishes standardized ISOs for all supported Arm platforms
>>>> that work by simply "xzcat | dd" onto the sd card (or wherever you
>>>> need it).   I'm not sure how standardized or manual that build process
>>>> is, but I would think that if the Arm platform support is able to keep
>>>> up with the standard FreeBSD release cycle (i.e. not break every other
>>>> release) then there would be no reason to NOT call it tier 1?
>>>
>>> Creating the images is currently a pita. That's it.
>> I see. So not so mature.
>
> Yes. It's an area I work on when I have time to make better...
>
> Warner
>
>>>> What I don't know about is "official" documentation for building for
>>>> arm and supporting cross building to Arm. Will someone need to write
>>>> an "Arm Handbook" to be promoted?
>>>
>>> No. While useful, most of that already exists.
>>
>> Thanks for the response Warner, I always appreciate the chance to
>> learn more about FreeBSD.
>> Russ
>>
>>> Warner
>>>
>>>>> Interesting and good to know. Thanks.
>>>>>
>>>>> I might have guessed that going along with the u-boot issue would be =
the fanout in:
>>>>>
>>>>> 11.0/sys/arm/ . . .
>>>>>
>>>>> allwinner/a10/
>>>>> allwinner/a20/
>>>>> allwinner/a31/
>>>>> allwinner/a83t/
>>>>> allwinner/h3/
>>>>> . . .
>>>>> broadcom/bcm2835/
>>>>> . . .
>>>>>
>>>>> (Full list not shown.)
>>>>>
>>>>> I was thinking that this might make the tier level specific to the st=
atus of each such directory's content so that it was the combination of tha=
t and the sysutils/u-boot-*/ status that made the difference for assigning =
the level.  I'd guess that lack of a usable directory in either place would=
 not be tier 2 even. Similarly until the required sys/arm/*/* and sysutils/=
u-boot-*/ directory-tree content have reached a sufficiently complete statu=
s.
>>>>>
>>>>> I'd expect that there will always be a lag for what exists in the wor=
ld vs. what has these materials worked out in FreeBSD.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>> Also from https://www.freebsd.org/platforms/arm.html :
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Initial support for 64-bit ARM is complete. 64-bit ARM platforms f=
ollow a set of standard conventions, and a single FreeBSD build will work o=
n hardware from multiple vendors. As a result, FreeBSD will provide officia=
l releases for FreeBSD/arm64 and packages will be available. FreeBSD/arm64 =
is on the path to becoming a Tier 1 architecture.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Will 11.0-RELEASE make arm64/aarch64 Tier 1?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> [I will note that, while there are no official builds for the Pine6=
4 family (A64 based) that are under the Allwinner arm activity, the SOC's i=
nvolved are Cortex-A53 64-bit arm based. They likely do not fit in the "sta=
ndard conventions" or arm64/aarch64 would be where they would have been sup=
ported. Some rewording might be appropriate for the above quote as well.]
>>>>>>
>>>>>> No. aarch64 isn't Tier 1 yet. There's many small bits that are
>>>>>> missing. It is quite solidly Tier 2, but we don't have a linker, we
>>>>>> don't have widespread hardware availability, we don't have productio=
n
>>>>>> experience with the platform. Most things work, but there's still so=
me
>>>>>> gotchas. There's still the 'u-boot' problem with many arm64 systems
>>>>>> because for systems that use u-boot to bootstrap UEFI, you need a
>>>>>> different image for each board (some closely related board families
>>>>>> can get by with one to be pedantic). All these issues are still
>>>>>> significant barriers to production use. It's not been officially
>>>>>> promoted yet and I don't think the time is quite right yet.
>>>>>
>>>>> Intersting as well. I'd guess that conceptually this probably would a=
pply to both:
>>>>>
>>>>> sys/arm/allwinner/a64/ and sysutils/u-boot/pine64/
>>>>> (presuming, contrary to fact, that 11.0 had sys/arm/allwinner/a64/ )
>>>>>
>>>>> and. . .
>>>>>
>>>>> sys/arm64/cavium/
>>>>> sys/arm64/cloudabi64/
>>>>>
>>>>> So just sys/arm/ vs. sys/arm64/ for an aarch64 would not really make =
a difference yet for tier level.
>>>>>
>>>>>> Warner
>>>>>
>>>>> Thanks again for the notes.
>>>>>
>>>>> =3D=3D=3D
>>>>> Mark Millard
>>>>> markmi at dsl-only.net
>>>>>
>>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>>> freebsd-arm@freebsd.org mailing list
>>>>> https://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-arm
>>>>> To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-arm-unsubscribe@freebsd.org=
"



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