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Date:      Fri, 29 Oct 1999 10:48:41 -0500
From:      "Pedro Fernando Giffuni" <pfgiffun@bachue.usc.unal.edu.co>
To:        freebsd-arch@freebsd.org
Subject:   Re: Storing small files in inodes
Message-ID:  <3819C1D9.FA1C3D58@bachue.usc.unal.edu.co>
References:  <19991029150228.BB45314BF7@hub.freebsd.org>

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The code for this is available as part of MIT's exokernel, and there was
someone (csapuntz?) porting it to OpenBSD.

cheers,

    Pedro.

"Jonathan M. Bresler" wrote:
> ...
> 
> http://www.usenix.org/publications/library/proceedings/ana97/ganger.html
> 
> With embedded inodes, the inodes for most files are stored in the
> directory with the corresponding name, removing a physical level of
> indirection without sacrificing the logical level of indirection. With
> explicit grouping, the data blocks of multiple small files named by a
> given directory are allocated adjacently and moved to and from the
> disk as a unit in most cases. Measurement for our C-FSS implementation
> show that embedded inodes and explicit grouping have the potential to
> increase small file throughput (for both reads and writes) by a factor
> of 5-7 compared to the same file system without these techniques. The
> improvement comes directly from reducing the number of disk accesses
> required by an order of magnitude. Preliminary experience
> with software-development applications shows performance improvements
> ranging from 30-300 percent.
> 
> jmb
> 
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