Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2009 17:33:38 +0100 From: t-u-t <marshc187@gmail.com> To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: shell commands - exclusion Message-ID: <332f78510902040833h562ac10cte2e56188103aef78@mail.gmail.com> In-Reply-To: <20090204154814.GR75802@dan.emsphone.com> References: <332f78510902040635k6675a9b6u434879b42c66a579@mail.gmail.com> <20090204154814.GR75802@dan.emsphone.com>
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On Wed, Feb 4, 2009 at 4:48 PM, Dan Nelson <dnelson@allantgroup.com> wrote:
> zsh has the ^ and ~ glob metacharacters that are enabled with you enable
> EXTENDED_GLOB:
>
> ^x (Requires EXTENDED_GLOB to be set.) Matches anything except
> the pattern x. This has a higher precedence than `/', so
> `^foo/bar' will search directories in `.' except `./foo' for a
> file named `bar'.
>
> x~y (Requires EXTENDED_GLOB to be set.) Match anything that
> matches the pattern x but does not match y. This has lower
> precedence than any operator except `|', so `*/*~foo/bar' will
> search for all files in all directories in `.' and then
> exclude `foo/bar' if there was such a match. Multiple
> patterns can be excluded by `foo~bar~baz'. In the exclusion
> pattern (y), `/' and `.' are not treated specially the way
> they usually are in globbing.
>
> > and if there is, could the same be applied to other similar batch (?)
> > operations, like pkg_delete -f "*" { except firefox3 wine thunderbird }
> > etc..
>
> That wildcard is expanded internally by pkg_delete using the C fnmatch()
> function, which just does simple *?[] shell pattern matching.
>
> > i'm a bit new to the shell (took me a while to figure out *ls* and *ls |
> > more*), but i can't find anything from google cuz i don't know what this
> > would be called in the first place.
> >
> > otherwise is it better to protect them with chflags or other trickery?
>
> One workaround is to temporarily move the files you don't want to process
> into another directory, then move them back when you're done.
>
> --
>
thank you,
i am interested in knowing how to do this stuff in general for simple
operations, since like this workaround would work fine with file
operations, but not for pkg_delete and other commands i can't think of right
now. I was just wondering if there was a commonly used/known method or
*switch* i could look into.
however, form this post i get the impression that it is better( and
worthwhile) to learn to do some proper scripting. say, prepare a list in a
file, then pass each one to the command instead of "*".
cheers
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