Date: Sat, 20 Nov 2010 22:10:22 -0800 From: perryh@pluto.rain.com To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: a gmirror disappears after adding gjournals to its partitions Message-ID: <4ce8b7ce.qnD6CCAK8thDasFl%perryh@pluto.rain.com>
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Is there something wrong with this sequence, in Fixit: * create a mirror * partition it with disklabel * create journals on the partitions * install * reboot? After rebooting, the mirror had disappeared and the journals seemed to exist directly on partitions of the mirror's provider rather than on the mirror itself. Details: Using Fixit# from the 8.1-RELEASE memstick I defined a gmirror (initially containing only one provider; the other to be added later), partitioned it using disklabel, added a journal to each of the partitions, ran newfs -J on them, and installed FreeBSD using http://wiki.freebsd.org/RootOnZFS/GPTZFSBoot/Mirror as a guide (with a few differences due to this installation being UFS rather than ZFS). In Fixit the /dev tree contained entries for both the mirror and the journal devices, but when I rebooted the mirror did not show up -- even though geom_mirror.ko was loaded. What would cause this sort of mixup, and how do I fix it? Is any more info needed? ==== contents of /dev/mirror before creating the journals Fixit# ls -la /dev/mirror total 1 dr-xr-xr-x 2 root 0 512 Nov 14 00:17 . dr-xr-xr-x 9 root 0 512 Nov 14 00:11 .. crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 80 Nov 14 00:36 gm0 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 126 Nov 14 00:36 gm0a crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 128 Nov 14 00:36 gm0d crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 129 Nov 14 00:36 gm0e ==== corresponding disklabel report Fixit# disklabel /dev/mirror/gm0 # /dev/mirror/gm0: 8 partitions: # size offset fstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg] a: 8388608 16 4.2BSD 1024 8192 16 c: 619907517 0 unused 0 0 d: 25165824 8388624 4.2BSD 0 0 0 e: 586353069 33554448 4.2BSD 0 0 0 ==== journal creation, with resulting dmesg reports Fixit# gjournal label -s 2G /dev/mirror/gm0a GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 1098378706: mirror/gm0a contains data. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 1098378706: mirror/gm0a contains journal. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal mirror/gm0a clean. Fixit# gjournal label -s 2G /dev/mirror/gm0d GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3795372090: mirror/gm0d contains data. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3795372090: mirror/gm0d contains journal. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal mirror/gm0d clean. Fixit# gjournal label -s 2G /dev/mirror/gm0e GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2063379813: mirror/gm0e contains data. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2063379813: mirror/gm0e contains journal. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal mirror/gm0e clean. ==== contents of /dev/mirror after creating the journals Fixit# ls -la /dev/mirror total 1 dr-xr-xr-x 2 root 0 512 Nov 14 00:17 ./ dr-xr-xr-x 9 root 0 512 Nov 14 00:11 ../ crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 80 Nov 14 02:01 gm0 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 78 Nov 14 02:06 gm0a crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 126 Nov 14 02:06 gm0a.journal crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 125 Nov 14 02:07 gm0d crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 128 Nov 14 02:07 gm0d.journal crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 130 Nov 14 02:07 gm0e crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 129 Nov 14 02:07 gm0e.journal ==== newfs commands Fixit# newfs -J /dev/mirror/gm0a.journal Fixit# newfs -J /dev/mirror/gm0d.journal Fixit# newfs -J /dev/mirror/gm0e.journal ==== mount the resulting filesystems (and one ordinary partition, ==== neither mirrored nor journalled, to be used as /tmp -- I figure ==== /tmp is expendable), resulting in this FS configuration Fixit# mount /dev/md0 on / (ufs, local) devfs on /dev (devfs, local, multilabel) /dev/da1a on /dist (ufs, local, read-only) /dev/mirror/gm0a.journal on /mnt (ufs, local, gjournal) /dev/ad8s2d on /mnt/tmp (ufs, local) /dev/mirror/gm0d.journal on /mnt/var (ufs, local, gjournal) /dev/mirror/gm0e.journal on /mnt/usr (ufs, local, gjournal) ==== install per http://wiki.freebsd.org/RootOnZFS/GPTZFSBoot/Mirror, ==== no detailed log kept ==== manually-created config files, while still in chroot after install Fixit# cat /boot/loader.conf geom_mirror_load="YES" geom_journal_load="YES" vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/mirror/gm0a.journal" vfs.root.mountfrom.options="rw" Fixit# cat /etc/fstab /dev/mirror/gm0a.journal / ufs rw 0 1 /dev/ad0s2b none swap sw 0 0 /dev/ad8s2b none swap sw 0 0 /dev/ad8s2d /tmp ufs rw 0 2 /dev/mirror/gm0d.journal /var ufs rw 0 3 /dev/mirror/gm0e.journal /usr ufs rw 0 4 /dev/da1a /dist ufs ro 0 0 devfs /dev devfs multilabel 0 0 ==== output from kldstat, after booting the newly-installed system -- ==== and manually mounting the root FS -- showing that geom_mirror.ko ==== did get loaded. Id Refs Address Size Name 1 6 0xc0400000 bb5504 kernel 2 1 0xc0fb6000 14540 geom_journal.ko 3 1 0xc0fcb000 16ed4 geom_mirror.ko ==== dmesg from booting the newly-installed system (long) ==== /dev/mirror does not exist and the journals are now ==== found on the ad0s2* Copyright (c) 1992-2010 The FreeBSD Project. Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation. FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE #0: Mon Jul 19 02:55:53 UTC 2010 root@almeida.cse.buffalo.edu:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/GENERIC i386 Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0 CPU: Intel Pentium III (731.47-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x683 Family = 6 Model = 8 Stepping = 3 Features=0x383fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,MMX,FXSR,SSE> real memory = 536870912 (512 MB) avail memory = 510218240 (486 MB) ACPI APIC Table: <DELL WS 420 > ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1 ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard kbd1 at kbdmux0 acpi0: <DELL WS 420 > on motherboard acpi0: [ITHREAD] acpi0: Power Button (fixed) acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed acpi0: reservation of 100000, f00000 (3) failed acpi0: reservation of 1000000, 1ef9e000 (3) failed Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 1000 acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x808-0x80b on acpi0 cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0 pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0 pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0 agp0: <Intel 82840 host to AGP bridge> on hostb0 pcib1: <PCI-PCI bridge> at device 1.0 on pci0 pci1: <PCI bus> on pcib1 vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> mem 0xf4000000-0xf5ffffff,0xfcffc000-0xfcffffff,0xfc000000-0xfc7fffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1 pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0 pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2 xl0: <3Com 3c905C-TX Fast Etherlink XL> port 0xdc80-0xdcff mem 0xf8fffc00-0xf8fffc7f irq 16 at device 4.0 on pci2 miibus0: <MII bus> on xl0 xlphy0: <3c905C 10/100 internal PHY> PHY 24 on miibus0 xlphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, auto xl0: Ethernet address: 00:b0:d0:22:5a:14 xl0: [ITHREAD] pci2: <multimedia, audio> at device 6.0 (no driver attached) atapci0: <VIA 6421 SATA150 controller> port 0xdc70-0xdc7f,0xdc50-0xdc5f,0xdc30-0xdc3f,0xdc10-0xdc1f,0xd8e0-0xd8ff,0xd400-0xd4ff irq 19 at device 11.0 on pci2 atapci0: [ITHREAD] ata2: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0 ata2: [ITHREAD] ata3: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0 ata3: [ITHREAD] ata4: <ATA channel 2> on atapci0 ata4: [ITHREAD] pcib3: <PCI-PCI bridge> at device 14.0 on pci2 pci3: <PCI bus> on pcib3 ahc0: <Adaptec aic7899 Ultra160 SCSI adapter> port 0xec00-0xecff mem 0xfafff000-0xfaffffff irq 18 at device 10.0 on pci3 ahc0: [ITHREAD] aic7899: Ultra160 Wide Channel A, SCSI Id=7, 32/253 SCBs ahc1: <Adaptec aic7899 Ultra160 SCSI adapter> port 0xe800-0xe8ff mem 0xfaffe000-0xfaffefff irq 19 at device 10.1 on pci3 ahc1: [ITHREAD] aic7899: Ultra160 Wide Channel B, SCSI Id=7, 32/253 SCBs isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0 isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0 atapci1: <Intel ICH UDMA66 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0xffa0-0xffaf at device 31.1 on pci0 ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci1 ata0: [ITHREAD] ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci1 ata1: [ITHREAD] uhci0: <Intel 82801AA (ICH) USB controller> port 0xff80-0xff9f irq 19 at device 31.2 on pci0 uhci0: [ITHREAD] uhci0: LegSup = 0x2f00 usbus0: <Intel 82801AA (ICH) USB controller> on uhci0 pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached) atrtc0: <AT realtime clock> port 0x70-0x7f irq 8 on acpi0 fdc0: <floppy drive controller> port 0x3f0-0x3f5,0x3f7 irq 6 drq 2 on acpi0 fdc0: [FILTER] fd0: <1440-KB 3.5" drive> on fdc0 drive 0 atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0 atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0 kbd0 at atkbd0 atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED] atkbd0: [ITHREAD] psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> irq 12 on atkbdc0 psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED] psm0: [ITHREAD] psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0 uart0: <16550 or compatible> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0 uart0: [FILTER] uart1: <16550 or compatible> port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on acpi0 uart1: [FILTER] ppc0: <Parallel port> port 0x378-0x37f,0x778-0x77f irq 7 on acpi0 ppc0: SMC-like chipset (ECP/EPP/PS2/NIBBLE) in COMPATIBLE mode ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/8 bytes threshold ppc0: [ITHREAD] ppbus0: <Parallel port bus> on ppc0 plip0: <PLIP network interface> on ppbus0 plip0: [ITHREAD] lpt0: <Printer> on ppbus0 lpt0: [ITHREAD] lpt0: Interrupt-driven port ppi0: <Parallel I/O> on ppbus0 pmtimer0 on isa0 orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xc7fff,0xc8000-0xcdfff,0xce000-0xcffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0 sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0 sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300> vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0 Timecounter "TSC" frequency 731470456 Hz quality 800 Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec usbus0: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0 ad0: 305245MB <Hitachi HDT725032VLAT80 V54OA4NA> at ata0-master UDMA66 ugen0.1: <Intel> at usbus0 uhub0: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0 ad1: 32253MB <MAXTOR 6L040L2 A93.0500> at ata0-slave UDMA66 uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered GEOM: ad0s2: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 16h,63s). GEOM: ad0s2: media size does not match label. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 1098378706: ad0s2a contains data. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 1098378706: ad0s2a contains journal. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s2a clean. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3795372090: ad0s2d contains data. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3795372090: ad0s2d contains journal. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s2d clean. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2063379813: ad0s2e contains data. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2063379813: ad0s2e contains journal. GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s2e clean. device_attach: afd0 attach returned 6 ugen0.2: <vendor 0x0457> at usbus0 umass0: <vendor 0x0457 USB Mass Storage Device, class 0/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 2> on usbus0 umass0: SCSI over Bulk-Only; quirks = 0x0000 acd0: CDROM <Lite-On LTN483S 48x Max/PD02> at ata1-slave PIO4 ad4: 61136MB <PATRIOT MEMORY 64GB SSD 02.10104> at ata2-master UDMA100 SATA 1.5Gb/s acd1: DVDR <PIONEER DVD-RW DVR-212D/1.24> at ata3-master UDMA66 SATA 1.5Gb/s ad8: 305245MB <Hitachi HDT725032VLAT80 V54OA4NA> at ata4-master UDMA133 umass0:2:0:-1: Attached to scbus2 GEOM: ad8s2: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 16h,63s). da0 at ahc0 bus 0 scbus0 target 0 lun 0 da0: <FUJITSU MAG3091MP 5506> Fixed Direct Access SCSI-3 device da0: 160.000MB/s transfers (80.000MHz DT, offset 127, 16bit) da0: Command Queueing enabled da0: 8683MB (17783249 512 byte sectors: 255H 63S/T 1106C) da1 at umass-sim0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 0 da1: <UDISK PDU16_1G 61G2.0 0.00> Removable Direct Access SCSI-2 device da1: 1.000MB/s transfers da1: 960MB (1967616 512 byte sectors: 64H 32S/T 960C) GEOM: da1: geometry does not match label (255h,63s != 64h,32s). GEOM: da1: media size does not match label. Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/mirror/gm0a.journal ROOT MOUNT ERROR: If you have invalid mount options, reboot, and first try the following from the loader prompt: set vfs.root.mountfrom.options=rw and then remove invalid mount options from /etc/fstab. Loader variables: vfs.root.mountfrom=ufs:/dev/mirror/gm0a.journal vfs.root.mountfrom.options=rw Manual root filesystem specification: <fstype>:<device> Mount <device> using filesystem <fstype> eg. ufs:/dev/da0s1a eg. cd9660:/dev/acd0 This is equivalent to: mount -t cd9660 /dev/acd0 / ? List valid disk boot devices <empty line> Abort manual input mountroot> ? List of GEOM managed disk devices: da1a ext2fs// ext2fs//boot da1 da0s3 da0s2 da0s1 da0 ufsid/4cdf4dff8de0837d ufsid/4c830a972b034290 ad8s2d ad8s2b ad8s2a ad8s2 ad8s1 ad8 iso9660/FreeBSD_Packages acd1t01 acd1 ad4 acd0 ufsid/4cdf45a2759357b0 ufsid/4cdf4594fac31a50 ufsid/4cdf4582119b5b07 ad0s2e.journal ad0s2d.journal ad0s2a.journal ad0s2e ad0s2d ad0s2a ad0s2 ad0s1 ad1 ad0 fd0 Loader variables: vfs.root.mountfrom=ufs:/dev/mirror/gm0a.journal vfs.root.mountfrom.options=rw Manual root filesystem specification: <fstype>:<device> Mount <device> using filesystem <fstype> eg. ufs:/dev/da0s1a eg. cd9660:/dev/acd0 This is equivalent to: mount -t cd9660 /dev/acd0 / ? List valid disk boot devices <empty line> Abort manual input mountroot> ufs:ad0s2a.journal Trying to mount root from ufs:ad0s2a.journal ==== output from df, after manually mounting /usr & /var read-only ==== -- I don't want to try writing to them until the mirror mess ==== is cleaned up -- and /tmp read-write (so I have someplace to ==== save stuff like dmesg and this output) Filesystem 512-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on ad0s2a.journal 4052056 345948 3381944 9% / devfs 2 2 0 100% /dev /dev/ad0s2e.journal 563842072 2371628 516363080 0% /usr /dev/ad0s2d.journal 20308312 392 18683256 0% /var /dev/ad8s2d 2001180 36 1841052 0% /tmp ==== result of "ls -alR /dev" -- incl a mysterious line on stderr ls: : No such file or directory total 10 dr-xr-xr-x 7 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 . drwxr-xr-x 18 root wheel 512 Jul 18 19:57 .. crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 98 Nov 13 20:21 acd0 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 100 Nov 13 20:21 acd1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 101 Nov 13 20:21 acd1t01 crw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0, 34 Nov 13 20:21 acpi crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 80 Nov 13 20:21 ad0 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 82 Nov 13 20:21 ad0s1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 83 Nov 13 20:21 ad0s2 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 84 Nov 13 20:21 ad0s2a crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 87 Nov 13 20:21 ad0s2a.journal crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 85 Nov 13 20:21 ad0s2d crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 88 Nov 13 20:21 ad0s2d.journal crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 86 Nov 13 20:21 ad0s2e crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 89 Nov 13 20:21 ad0s2e.journal crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 81 Nov 13 20:21 ad1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 99 Nov 13 20:21 ad4 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 103 Nov 13 20:21 ad8 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 104 Nov 13 20:21 ad8s1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 105 Nov 13 20:21 ad8s2 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 106 Nov 13 20:21 ad8s2a crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 107 Nov 13 20:21 ad8s2b crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 108 Nov 13 20:21 ad8s2d crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 35 Nov 13 20:21 agpgart crw------- 1 root operator 0, 33 Nov 13 20:21 ata crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 36 Nov 13 20:21 atkbd0 crw------- 1 root kmem 0, 21 Nov 13 20:21 audit crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 14 Nov 13 20:21 bpf lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 3 Nov 13 20:21 bpf0 -> bpf crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 0, 39 Nov 13 20:21 bpsm0 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 5 Nov 13 20:55 console crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 71 Nov 13 20:21 consolectl crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 0, 11 Nov 13 20:21 ctty crw-rw---- 1 uucp dialer 0, 43 Nov 13 20:21 cuau0 crw-rw---- 1 uucp dialer 0, 44 Nov 13 20:21 cuau0.init crw-rw---- 1 uucp dialer 0, 45 Nov 13 20:21 cuau0.lock crw-rw---- 1 uucp dialer 0, 49 Nov 13 20:21 cuau1 crw-rw---- 1 uucp dialer 0, 50 Nov 13 20:21 cuau1.init crw-rw---- 1 uucp dialer 0, 51 Nov 13 20:21 cuau1.lock crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 113 Nov 13 20:21 da0 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 114 Nov 13 20:21 da0s1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 115 Nov 13 20:21 da0s2 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 116 Nov 13 20:21 da0s3 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 117 Nov 13 20:21 da1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 120 Nov 13 20:21 da1a crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 17 Nov 13 20:21 dcons crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 4 Nov 13 20:21 devctl cr-------- 1 root wheel 0, 75 Nov 13 20:21 devstat crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 18 Nov 13 20:21 dgdb dr-xr-xr-x 3 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 ext2fs dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 fd crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 79 Nov 13 20:21 fd0 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 19 Nov 13 20:21 fido crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 3 Nov 13 20:21 geom.ctl crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 28 Nov 13 20:21 io dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 iso9660 lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 6 Nov 13 20:21 kbd0 -> atkbd0 lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 7 Nov 13 20:21 kbd1 -> kbdmux0 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 29 Nov 13 20:21 kbdmux0 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 8 Nov 13 20:21 klog crw-r----- 1 root kmem 0, 32 Nov 13 20:21 kmem crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 52 Nov 13 20:21 lpt0 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 53 Nov 13 20:21 lpt0.ctl crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 74 Nov 13 20:21 mdctl crw-r----- 1 root kmem 0, 31 Nov 13 20:21 mem crw------- 1 root kmem 0, 20 Nov 13 20:21 nfslock crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 0, 6 Nov 13 20:23 null crw------- 1 root operator 0, 111 Nov 13 20:21 pass0 crw------- 1 root operator 0, 112 Nov 13 20:21 pass1 crw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0, 9 Nov 13 20:21 pci crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 54 Nov 13 20:21 ppi0 crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 0, 38 Nov 13 20:21 psm0 crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 0, 10 Nov 13 20:21 ptmx crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 0, 12 Nov 13 20:23 random lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 4 Nov 13 20:21 stderr -> fd/2 lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 4 Nov 13 20:21 stdin -> fd/0 lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 4 Nov 13 20:21 stdout -> fd/1 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 16 Nov 13 20:21 sysmouse crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 40 Nov 13 20:21 ttyu0 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 41 Nov 13 20:21 ttyu0.init crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 42 Nov 13 20:21 ttyu0.lock crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 46 Nov 13 20:21 ttyu1 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 47 Nov 13 20:21 ttyu1.init crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 48 Nov 13 20:21 ttyu1.lock crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 55 Nov 13 20:21 ttyv0 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 56 Nov 13 20:21 ttyv1 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 57 Nov 13 20:21 ttyv2 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 58 Nov 13 20:21 ttyv3 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 59 Nov 13 20:21 ttyv4 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 60 Nov 13 20:21 ttyv5 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 61 Nov 13 20:21 ttyv6 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 62 Nov 13 20:21 ttyv7 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 63 Nov 13 20:21 ttyv8 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 64 Nov 13 20:21 ttyv9 crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 65 Nov 13 20:21 ttyva crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 66 Nov 13 20:21 ttyvb crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 67 Nov 13 20:21 ttyvc crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 68 Nov 13 20:21 ttyvd crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 69 Nov 13 20:21 ttyve crw------- 1 root wheel 0, 70 Nov 13 20:21 ttyvf dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 ufsid lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 9 Nov 13 20:21 ugen0.1 -> usb/0.1.0 lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 9 Nov 13 20:21 ugen0.2 -> usb/0.2.0 lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 6 Nov 13 20:21 urandom -> random dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 usb crw-r--r-- 1 root operator 0, 72 Nov 13 20:21 usbctl crw------- 1 root operator 0, 73 Nov 13 20:21 xpt0 crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 0, 7 Nov 13 20:21 zero /dev/ext2fs: total 2 dr-xr-xr-x 3 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 . dr-xr-xr-x 7 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 .. /dev/fd: total 2 dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 . dr-xr-xr-x 7 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 .. crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 0, 22 Nov 13 20:21 0 crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 0, 24 Nov 13 20:21 1 crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 0, 26 Nov 13 20:21 2 /dev/iso9660: total 2 dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 . dr-xr-xr-x 7 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 .. crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 102 Nov 13 20:21 FreeBSD_Packages /dev/ufsid: total 2 dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 . dr-xr-xr-x 7 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 .. crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 109 Nov 13 20:21 4c830a972b034290 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 90 Nov 13 20:21 4cdf4582119b5b07 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 91 Nov 13 20:21 4cdf4594fac31a50 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0, 92 Nov 13 20:21 4cdf45a2759357b0 /dev/usb: total 2 dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 . dr-xr-xr-x 7 root wheel 512 Nov 13 20:21 .. crw------- 1 root operator 0, 76 Nov 13 20:21 0.1.0 crw------- 1 root operator 0, 78 Nov 13 20:21 0.1.1 crw------- 1 root operator 0, 93 Nov 13 20:21 0.2.0 crw------- 1 root operator 0, 95 Nov 13 20:21 0.2.1 crw------- 1 root operator 0, 96 Nov 13 20:21 0.2.2 crw------- 1 root operator 0, 97 Nov 13 20:21 0.2.3 ==== end
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