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Date:      Tue, 17 Aug 1999 13:20:54 -0400 (EDT)
From:      Zhihui Zhang <zzhang@cs.binghamton.edu>
To:        freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
Subject:   Explain the output of ls
Message-ID:  <Pine.GSO.3.96.990817131908.18730A-100000@sol.cs.binghamton.edu>

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Could anyone tell me why the total number given by ls is 13 instead of 12?

> ls -al
total 13
drwxr-xr-x  6 zzhang  wheel   512 Aug 18 11:44 .
drwxr-xr-x  5 zzhang  wheel   512 Aug 18 12:50 ..
-rwxr-xr-x  1 zzhang  wheel  4361 Aug 18 11:44 a.out
-rw-r--r--  1 zzhang  wheel     0 Aug 18 09:48 emptyfile6
drwxr-xr-x  2 zzhang  wheel   512 Aug 18 09:46 file1
drwxr-xr-x  2 zzhang  wheel   512 Aug 18 09:46 file4
prwxr-xr-x  2 zzhang  wheel     0 Aug 18 09:46 file5
prwxr-xr-x  2 zzhang  wheel     0 Aug 18 09:46 file5link
lrwxr-xr-x  1 zzhang  wheel    16 Aug 18 09:47 homedir -> /usr/home/zzhang
drwxr-xr-x  2 zzhang  wheel   512 Aug 18 09:46 newfile3
drwxr-xr-x  2 zzhang  wheel   512 Aug 18 09:47 newlongerfile2
-rw-r--r--  1 zzhang  wheel  1613 Aug 18 11:44 opendir.c

Thanks.

--------------------------------------------------
Zhihui Zhang.  Please visit http://www.freebsd.org
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