Date: Fri, 20 Aug 1999 13:04:47 +0200 (MEST) From: Werner Griessl <werner@btp1da.phy.uni-bayreuth.de> To: Amancio Hasty <hasty@rah.star-gate.com> Cc: Freebsd-current@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: RE: How To Burn CDs Message-ID: <XFMail.990820130447.werner@btp1da.phy.uni-bayreuth.de> In-Reply-To: <199908200937.CAA27602@rah.star-gate.com>
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On 20-Aug-99 Amancio Hasty wrote: > This is a summary of the information that I gather over the last > few days with respect to CD recorders. > > > It appears that the preferred and better supported CD recorders are > scsi . To shorten the gap what is needed is for ATAPI cd recorders > to be integrated into CAM so that we may present a unified interface > to both ATAPI and SCSI CD drives. Post on -hackers if you are > interested in working on such a project. > > > > The rest of this document will deal with scsi cd recorders. > > > Software Tools : > > cdrecord is used to burn the CDs . cdrecord http home: > http://www.fokus.gmd.de/research/cc/glone/employees/joerg.schilling/private/cd > r > ecord.htm > > cdrecord supports CD-R, CD-RW and Audio CD (Red Book) formants. > > cdda2wav which is now bundled with cdrecord can extract audio CD tracks. > > cdrecord is part of the ports/sysutils collection. > > > tosha is another scsi tool to extract CD audio tracks and it is > in the ports/audio directory . tosha is native program to > FreeBSD. tosha was written by Oliver Fromme > <oliver.fromme@heim3.tu-clausthal.de> > > cdd another native freebsd program to extract CD audio tracks was > written by Charles Henrich and is > part of the ports/audio collection. > > mkisofs is used to create an iso 9660 cd image. It is located > in the ports/sysutils collection > > > If one of the audio "rippers" does not work report the problem after > first making sure that the program does indeed support your > CD disk unit and then just try another one. > > > For a list of "reported to work" drives that work with cdrecord + cdd2wav > see: > http://www.fokus.gmd.de/research/cc/glone/employees/joerg.schilling/private/cd > w > riters-1.8.html > > External vs. Internal I find that my YAMAHA CRW6416sz scsi cd > recorder runs rather cool . Some members on the list have reported > that at least early models of their CD-Recorders run hot so they preferred > to have them external due to the heat problem and/or portability . > > > > A little bit on cdrecord. > > To determine which scsi recorder is installed in your system issue: > > cdrecorder -scanbus > > Cdrecord release 1.8a22 Copyright (C) 1995-1999 Jörg Schilling > scsibus0: > 0) 'SEAGATE ' 'ST34501W ' '0017' Disk > 1) 'YAMAHA ' 'CRW6416S ' '1.0b' Removable CD-ROM > 2) * > 3) 'SEAGATE ' 'ST15150W ' '0023' Disk > 4) * > 5) * > 6) * > 7) * > scsibus1: > 100) * > 101) * > 102) * > 103) * > 104) * > 105) 'UMAX ' 'UMAX S-12 ' 'V2.0' Scanner > 106) * > 107) * > > So my Yamaha CD recorder is scsi bus 0 , scsi address 1, lun 0. > > I recommend sticking this information in /etc/default/record > cat /etc/default/cdrecord > CDR_DEVICE=1,0 > > What this means is that every time that cdrecord runs it > gets is device info from /etc/default/cdrecord . > > If you feel somehow compel to always specify the scsi device in > cdrecord, the syntax is: -dev=bus,scsi address, lun or > -dev=scsi address, lun > > in my case is: > > -dev=1,0 (the default scsi bus is 0) > > > > > I recommend for the first few times to use a CD-RW. They > are more expensive than CD-R;however, for playing for the first > time with your scsi cd recorder they can actually probably > save you a lot of money. > > > > Now that you have all your hardware and software in place what can you do 8) > > To create an iso cd9660 with a CD-RW: > mkisofs -R /mount/dir | cdrecord -blank=fast -v fs=6m speed=3 - > > mkisofs pipes an ISO 9660 cd image to cdrecord. > > cdrecord does the actual cd burning: > -blank=fast first it does a quick blank > -v verbose mode so you can see what is doing > fs=6m forks a process and uses a 6MB buffer > speed=3 usually CD-RW can only be burned > as fast as 4X you will have to experiment > with your cd recorder to see what speed > works best. > > Take a break pending upon the size of the image the process > can take 1/2 hour to just a few minutes so kick back and relax. > > > Here is session for creating audio cds. > > mkdir cdtracks > cd cdtracks > > cddwa2wav -B > > This command generates tracks in the format of: > audio_nn.wav where nn is a track number . audio in .wav format > audio_nn.inf where nn is a track number . pregap info > > > > cdrecord -blank=fast -audio -useinfo audio*.wav > > -blank=fast blanks your CD-RW for CD-R don't include > this command > -audio sets audio cd recording > -useinfo use the pregap info generated by cdd2wav > *.inf files > > Issues: > > In the list there was an exchange of using the tool team for > buffering vs cdrecord's own buffering scheme: > > "Another possibility, if you have the RAM, is to use the team(1) > program (it's in the ports) to buffer the data as it goes to the burner. > You basically put it into the pipeline between mkisofs and cdrecord, and > it buffers up to 5MB in memory (default, adjustable). Of course, you've > got to have enough RAM to not go into swap during the operation. It's a > very nice program, and I've been told that, with enough memory > (32-64MB), you can be running X11 and compiling programs while the CD is > burning (this is with a 2X burner, though)." > > "It should be noted that the 'cdrecord' program implements a FIFO itself, > and you can specify the size. The default is 2MB. cdrecord uses a > shared memory segment and forks so the process buffering the data is > made independant of the buffer draining it. > > Modern CD writers usually have 1-2MB of buffer internally. The newer > Yamahas, for example, have 2MB. > > So right off the bat we have around 4MB. Still, when you are writing at > 600KB/sec it is possible to get behind if the filesystem you are building > has lots of small files. Apart from writing the mkisofs output to a > file, > the easiest solution is to tell cdrecord to burn at a slower rate - e.g. > 1x or 2x instead of 4x or 6x. > > Possible Problem and we need clarification > > And to head off another question: When you are recording to a CD-RW > you can do a 'quick erase' of the media using 'cdrecord blank=fast'. > This does not actually erase the data, so if you have used say 100MB > you will only have 550MB left. You can actually erase the media using > 'cdrecord blank=all', which takes a while. > > In my experience, this is not true. I have used blank=fast on a CDRW > that has over 500 MB written, and then written another 500 MB without > a problem. > > I have the same experience. Maybe someone into the physics of the media > can explain what the pros-cons are as far as the media itself is concerned? > > > Hardware : > > Yamaha CRW6416sz scsi 2 internal cd recorder > > I bought the Yamaha CRW6416sz scsi 2 iternal because it is > somewhat cheap and reliable . You can buy one at CompUSA for > $300. > > Reported scsi CD recorders which work and by no means this > list is not exhaustive rather is nice to know from a FreeBSD user > that it works on their boxes. > > 1. JKH swears by his Smart and Friendly Rocket Recorder > scsi cd recorder 8) > Honest is probably a good drive because JKH burns > quite a few CDs. > > 2. Plextor scsi recorders 4x and 8x good recommendation from > the list. > > 3. Philips CDD-3600 CDRW drive > > 4. Yamaha 4416 scsi recorder known to work on FreeBSD, Linux, SCO, > HP/UX, and NT > > 5. Yamaha 6416sz scsi cd recorder. > > Hidetoshi Shimokawa <simokawa@sat.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp> reported: > I bought DVD-RAM drive for $400. > 5.2GB(double side) media is around $35, you can use them as 2.3GB x 2 > disks. > > Enabling raw-write in scsi_cd.c, you can newfs/mount DVD-RAM as UFS. > Write speed is around 500KB/s, and read speed is around 1.4MB/s. > > Now this sounds like a very nice scsi cd recorder . > > Further input on DVD-RAM is welcome . > > > > -- > > Amancio Hasty > hasty@rah.star-gate.com > > > > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > with "unsubscribe freebsd-current" in the body of the message ---------------------------------- Don't forget cdrdao, it's able to read and burn "video(cdi)"-cd's. Successfully done here with a philips cdr2600 burner for a philips cdi player. It's also in ports. Werner ---------------------------------- To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-current" in the body of the message
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